在Daniel G的解决方案中补充一点:

from datetime import date

class FakeDate(date):
    "A manipulable date replacement"
    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        return date.__new__(date, *args, **kwargs)

这将创建一个类，当实例化时，该类将返回一个正常的datetime。对象，但也可以更改。

@mock.patch('datetime.date', FakeDate)
def test():
    from datetime import date
    FakeDate.today = classmethod(lambda cls: date(2010, 1, 1))
    return date.today()

test() # datetime.date(2010, 1, 1)

一般来说，你会有datetime或datetime。将日期导入某个模块。模拟该方法的一种更有效的方法是在导入它的模块上修补它。例子:

a.py

from datetime import date

def my_method():
    return date.today()

然后，对于您的测试，模拟对象本身将作为参数传递给测试方法。您将使用所需的结果值设置模拟，然后调用测试中的方法。然后您可以断言您的方法完成了您想要的。

>>> import mock
>>> import a
>>> @mock.patch('a.date')
... def test_my_method(date_mock):
...     date_mock.today.return_value = mock.sentinel.today
...     result = a.my_method()
...     print result
...     date_mock.today.assert_called_once_with()
...     assert mock.sentinel.today == result
...
>>> test_my_method()
sentinel.today

警告一句。很有可能嘲讽得过火了。当您这样做时，它会使您的测试更长、更难理解，并且不可能维护。在模拟像datetime.date这样简单的方法之前。今天，问问自己是否真的需要嘲笑它。如果您的测试短小精干，并且在不模拟函数的情况下运行良好，那么您可能只看到了正在测试的代码的内部细节，而不是需要模拟的对象。

您可以使用以下基于Daniel G解的方法。这个方法的优点是不会破坏isinstance(d, datetime.date)的类型检查。

import mock

def fixed_today(today):
    from datetime import date

    class FakeDateType(type):
        def __instancecheck__(self, instance):
            return isinstance(instance, date)

    class FakeDate(date):
        __metaclass__ = FakeDateType

        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
            return date.__new__(date, *args, **kwargs)

        @staticmethod
        def today():
            return today

    return mock.patch("datetime.date", FakeDate)

基本上，我们取代了基于c语言的datetime。Date类，使用我们自己的python子类，生成原始的datetime。日期实例，并响应isinstance()查询完全与本机datetime.date相同。

在测试中使用它作为上下文管理器:

with fixed_today(datetime.date(2013, 11, 22)):
    # run the code under test
    # note, that these type checks will not break when patch is active:
    assert isinstance(datetime.date.today(), datetime.date)

类似的方法可用于模拟datetime.datetime.now()函数。

对于那些在测试类中使用补丁程序的人，下面是我如何成功地修补datetime功能:

from datetime import datetime
import unittest
from unittest.mock import Mock, patch

# Replace with the proper path to the module you would
# like datetime to be mocked
from path.to.my_module

class MyTestCases(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        """execute on class instantiation"""
        # Record both times at the same moment
        self.dt_now, self.dt_utcnow = datetime.now(), datetime.utcnow()

        # After retrieving real (or hardcoded datetime values), 
        # proceed to mock them in desired module
        self.patch_datetime_functions()


    def patch_datetime_functions(self) -> None:
        """
        Patch datetime.now() and datetime.utcnow() to prevent issues when
        comparing expected dates
        """

        # Create a patcher
        self.patcher_dt = patch(
            'path.to.my_module'
        )

        # Start but make sure cleanup always occurs
        self.patcher_dt.start()
        self.addCleanup(self.patcher_dt.stop)

        # Perform the actual patch – use lambdas as mock functions
        datetime_mock = Mock(wraps=datetime)
        datetime_mock.now.return_value = self.dt_now
        datetime_mock.utcnow.return_value = self.dt_utcnow

        my_module.datetime = datetime_mock


    # Here's what it will look like when testing:
    def some_test(self):
        curr_dt = self.dt_now
        returned_dt = my_module.datetime.utcnow()
        
        # Compare the dates
        self.assertEqual(curr_dt, returned_dt,
            'Datetime values should be equal'
        )

我想我来晚了一点，但我认为这里的主要问题是您直接修补datetime.date.today，根据文档，这是错误的。

例如，您应该修补在测试函数所在的文件中导入的引用。

假设你有一个functions.py文件，其中包含以下内容:

import datetime

def get_today():
    return datetime.date.today()

然后，在你的测试中，你应该有这样的东西

import datetime
import unittest

from functions import get_today
from mock import patch, Mock

class GetTodayTest(unittest.TestCase):

    @patch('functions.datetime')
    def test_get_today(self, datetime_mock):
        datetime_mock.date.today = Mock(return_value=datetime.strptime('Jun 1 2005', '%b %d %Y'))
        value = get_today()
        # then assert your thing...

希望这能对你有所帮助。

http://blog.xelnor.net/python-mocking-datetime/中讨论了几种解决方案。总而言之:

模拟对象-简单有效，但打破isinstance()检查:

target = datetime.datetime(2009, 1, 1)
with mock.patch.object(datetime, 'datetime', mock.Mock(wraps=datetime.datetime)) as patched:
    patched.now.return_value = target
    print(datetime.datetime.now())

模拟类

import datetime
import mock

real_datetime_class = datetime.datetime

def mock_datetime_now(target, dt):
    class DatetimeSubclassMeta(type):
        @classmethod
        def __instancecheck__(mcs, obj):
            return isinstance(obj, real_datetime_class)

    class BaseMockedDatetime(real_datetime_class):
        @classmethod
        def now(cls, tz=None):
            return target.replace(tzinfo=tz)

        @classmethod
        def utcnow(cls):
            return target

    # Python2 & Python3 compatible metaclass
    MockedDatetime = DatetimeSubclassMeta('datetime', (BaseMockedDatetime,), {})

    return mock.patch.object(dt, 'datetime', MockedDatetime)

使用:

with mock_datetime_now(target, datetime):
   ....