谁能告诉我为什么这行不通?
>>> import mock
>>> @mock.patch('datetime.date.today')
... def today(cls):
... return date(2010, 1, 1)
...
>>> from datetime import date
>>> date.today()
datetime.date(2010, 12, 19)
也许有人能提出一个更好的办法?
当前回答
对我来说最简单的方法是:
import datetime
from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
def test():
datetime_mock = Mock(wraps=datetime.datetime)
datetime_mock.now.return_value = datetime.datetime(1999, 1, 1)
with patch('datetime.datetime', new=datetime_mock):
assert datetime.datetime.now() == datetime.datetime(1999, 1, 1)
注意:target_module中的datetime模块中的所有功能都将停止工作。
其他回答
几天前我遇到了同样的情况，我的解决方案是在模块中定义一个函数来测试和模拟:
def get_date_now():
return datetime.datetime.now()
今天我发现了《FreezeGun》，它似乎很好地解决了这个问题
from freezegun import freeze_time
import datetime
import unittest
@freeze_time("2012-01-14")
def test():
assert datetime.datetime.now() == datetime.datetime(2012, 1, 14)
你可以用这个来模拟datetime:
在sources.py模块中:
import datetime
class ShowTime:
def current_date():
return datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
在您的tests.py中:
from unittest import TestCase, mock
import datetime
class TestShowTime(TestCase):
def setUp(self) -> None:
self.st = sources.ShowTime()
super().setUp()
@mock.patch('sources.datetime.date')
def test_current_date(self, date_mock):
date_mock.today.return_value = datetime.datetime(year=2019, month=10, day=1)
current_date = self.st.current_date()
self.assertEqual(current_date, '2019-10-01')
值得注意的是，Mock文档专门讨论了datetime.date.today，并且可以在不创建虚拟类的情况下做到这一点:
https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.mock-examples.html#partial-mocking
>>> from datetime import date
>>> with patch('mymodule.date') as mock_date:
... mock_date.today.return_value = date(2010, 10, 8)
... mock_date.side_effect = lambda *args, **kw: date(*args, **kw)
...
... assert mymodule.date.today() == date(2010, 10, 8)
... assert mymodule.date(2009, 6, 8) == date(2009, 6, 8)
...
monkeypatch的最小工作示例
这个解决方案使用https://pypi.org/project/pytest-mock/包中的monkeypatch。
特点:
仅模拟datetime.today()，但datetime.now()仍然可以正常工作 仅在特定范围内模拟(即块)
import sys
from datetime import datetime
MOCKED_DATETIME_TODAY = datetime(1900, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)
class MockedDatetime(datetime):
@classmethod
def today(cls):
return MOCKED_DATETIME_TODAY
def test_mock_datetime_today(monkeypatch):
"""Only datetime.today() is mocked and returns some date in 1900. datetime.now() returns still the current date."""
with monkeypatch.context() as mpc:
mpc.setattr(sys.modules[__name__], 'datetime', MockedDatetime)
assert datetime.today() == MOCKED_DATETIME_TODAY # datetime.today() mocked
assert datetime.now() > MOCKED_DATETIME_TODAY # datetime.now() not mocked
assert datetime.today() > MOCKED_DATETIME_TODAY # not mocked anymore
我通过将datetime导入为realdatetime并将我在模拟中需要的方法替换为实际方法来完成这项工作:
import datetime as realdatetime
@mock.patch('datetime')
def test_method(self, mock_datetime):
mock_datetime.today = realdatetime.today
mock_datetime.now.return_value = realdatetime.datetime(2019, 8, 23, 14, 34, 8, 0)
