我有一个纯JavaScript承诺(内置实现或poly-fill):

var promise = new promise(函数(解析,拒绝){/*…* /});

从规范来看,Promise可以是:

" settle "和" resolved " “解决”和“拒绝” “等待”

我有一个用例,我希望同步审问承诺并确定:

承诺达成了吗? 如果是,承诺解决了吗?

我知道我可以使用#then()来安排在Promise改变状态后异步执行的工作。我不是在问你该怎么做。

这个问题是关于Promise状态的同步询问。我怎样才能做到这一点呢?


当前回答

在节点中,写入未记录的内部进程。

> process.binding('util').getPromiseDetails(Promise.resolve({data: [1,2,3]}));
[ 1, { data: [ 1, 2, 3 ] } ]

> process.binding('util').getPromiseDetails(Promise.reject(new Error('no')));
[ 2, Error: no ]

> process.binding('util').getPromiseDetails(new Promise((resolve) => {}));
[ 0, <1 empty item> ]

其他回答

我发现这个解决方案很简单,并且允许我继续使用本机承诺,但添加了有用的同步检查。我也不需要动用整个承诺库。

注意:只有在当前执行线程中出现某种中断,允许promise在检查同步结构之前执行时,这才有效。这使得它比我最初想象的用处更有限——尽管对我的用例仍然有用(感谢Benjamin Gruenbaum指出这一点)。

/**
 * This function allow you to modify a JS Promise by adding some status properties.
 * Based on: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21485545/is-there-a-way-to-tell-if-an-es6-promise-is-fulfilled-rejected-resolved
 * But modified according to the specs of promises : https://promisesaplus.com/
 */
function MakeQuerablePromise(promise) {
    // Don't modify any promise that has been already modified.
    if (promise.isFulfilled) return promise;

    // Set initial state
    var isPending = true;
    var isRejected = false;
    var isFulfilled = false;

    // Observe the promise, saving the fulfillment in a closure scope.
    var result = promise.then(
        function(v) {
            isFulfilled = true;
            isPending = false;
            return v; 
        }, 
        function(e) {
            isRejected = true;
            isPending = false;
            throw e; 
        }
    );

    result.isFulfilled = function() { return isFulfilled; };
    result.isPending = function() { return isPending; };
    result.isRejected = function() { return isRejected; };
    return result;
}

wrappedPromise = MakeQueryablePromise(Promise.resolve(3)); 
setTimeout(function() {console.log(wrappedPromise.isFulfilled())}, 1);

来自https://ourcodeworld.com/articles/read/317/how-to-check-if-a-javascript-promise-has-been-fulfilled-rejected-or-resolved,他们的答案是:是否有一种方法来判断一个ES6承诺是否被履行/拒绝/解决?

在节点中,写入未记录的内部进程。

> process.binding('util').getPromiseDetails(Promise.resolve({data: [1,2,3]}));
[ 1, { data: [ 1, 2, 3 ] } ]

> process.binding('util').getPromiseDetails(Promise.reject(new Error('no')));
[ 2, Error: no ]

> process.binding('util').getPromiseDetails(new Promise((resolve) => {}));
[ 0, <1 empty item> ]

我为此做了一个包裹。与这里的大多数其他答案不同,它不会接受未经处理的拒绝。

npm install p-state
import timers from 'timers/promises';
import {promiseStateSync} from 'p-state';

const timeoutPromise = timers.setTimeout(100);

console.log(promiseStateSync(timeoutPromise));
//=> 'pending'

await timeoutPromise;

console.log(promiseStateSync(timeoutPromise));
//=> 'fulfilled'

这里是一个更充实的QueryablePromise的es6版本,允许在第一次解析后进行链接和捕获,并立即解析或拒绝以保持api与本机Promise一致。

const PROMISE = Symbol('PROMISE') const tap = fn => x => (fn(x), x) const trace = label => tap(x => console.log(label, x)) class QueryablePromise { resolved = false rejected = false fulfilled = false catchFns = [] constructor(fn) { this[PROMISE] = new Promise(fn) .then(tap(() => { this.fulfilled = true this.resolved = true })) .catch(x => { this.fulfilled = true this.rejected = true return Promise.reject(x) }) } then(fn) { this[PROMISE].then(fn) return this } catch(fn) { this[PROMISE].catch(fn) return this } static resolve(x) { return new QueryablePromise((res) => res(x)) } static reject(x) { return new QueryablePromise((_, rej) => rej(x)) } } const resolvedPromise = new QueryablePromise((res) => { setTimeout(res, 200, 'resolvedPromise') }) const rejectedPromise = new QueryablePromise((_, rej) => { setTimeout(rej, 200, 'rejectedPromise') }) // ensure our promises have not been fulfilled console.log('test 1 before: is resolved', resolvedPromise.resolved) console.log('test 2 before: is rejected', rejectedPromise.rejected) setTimeout(() => { // check to see the resolved status of our promise console.log('test 1 after: is resolved', resolvedPromise.resolved) console.log('test 2 after: is rejected', rejectedPromise.rejected) }, 300) // make sure we can immediately resolve a QueryablePromise const immediatelyResolvedPromise = QueryablePromise.resolve('immediatelyResolvedPromise') // ensure we can chain then .then(trace('test 3 resolved')) .then(trace('test 3 resolved 2')) .catch(trace('test 3 rejected')) // make sure we can immediately reject a QueryablePromise const immediatelyRejectedPromise = QueryablePromise.reject('immediatelyRejectedPromise') .then(trace('test 4 resolved')) .catch(trace('test 4 rejected')) <script src="https://codepen.io/synthet1c/pen/KyQQmL.js"></script>

你可以在Node.js中使用一个(丑陋的)黑客,直到一个本地方法被提供:

util = require('util');

var promise1 = new Promise (function (resolve) {
}

var promise2 = new Promise (function (resolve) {

    resolve ('foo');
}

state1 = util.inspect (promise1);
state2 = util.inspect (promise2);

if (state1 === 'Promise { <pending> }') {

    console.log('pending'); // pending
}

if (state2 === "Promise { 'foo' }") {

    console.log ('foo') // foo
}