这是一个老问题，但我最近发现sklearn有一个可通过键访问的实现版本字典，即Bunch https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.utils.Bunch.html#sklearn.utils.Bunch

你可以用我刚做的这个类来做。对于这个类，您可以像使用另一个字典(包括json序列化)一样使用Map对象，或者使用点表示法。希望对大家有所帮助:

class Map(dict):
    """
    Example:
    m = Map({'first_name': 'Eduardo'}, last_name='Pool', age=24, sports=['Soccer'])
    """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Map, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        for arg in args:
            if isinstance(arg, dict):
                for k, v in arg.iteritems():
                    self[k] = v

        if kwargs:
            for k, v in kwargs.iteritems():
                self[k] = v

    def __getattr__(self, attr):
        return self.get(attr)

    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
        self.__setitem__(key, value)

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        super(Map, self).__setitem__(key, value)
        self.__dict__.update({key: value})

    def __delattr__(self, item):
        self.__delitem__(item)

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        super(Map, self).__delitem__(key)
        del self.__dict__[key]

使用例子:

m = Map({'first_name': 'Eduardo'}, last_name='Pool', age=24, sports=['Soccer'])
# Add new key
m.new_key = 'Hello world!'
# Or
m['new_key'] = 'Hello world!'
print m.new_key
print m['new_key']
# Update values
m.new_key = 'Yay!'
# Or
m['new_key'] = 'Yay!'
# Delete key
del m.new_key
# Or
del m['new_key']

基于epool的答案，这个版本允许你通过点操作符访问任何字典:

foo = {
    "bar" : {
        "baz" : [ {"boo" : "hoo"} , {"baba" : "loo"} ]
    }
}

例如，foo.bar.baz[1]。爸爸回答“loo”。

class Map(dict):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Map, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        for arg in args:
            if isinstance(arg, dict):
                for k, v in arg.items():
                    if isinstance(v, dict):
                        v = Map(v)
                    if isinstance(v, list):
                        self.__convert(v)
                    self[k] = v

        if kwargs:
            for k, v in kwargs.items():
                if isinstance(v, dict):
                    v = Map(v)
                elif isinstance(v, list):
                    self.__convert(v)
                self[k] = v

    def __convert(self, v):
        for elem in range(0, len(v)):
            if isinstance(v[elem], dict):
                v[elem] = Map(v[elem])
            elif isinstance(v[elem], list):
                self.__convert(v[elem])

    def __getattr__(self, attr):
        return self.get(attr)

    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
        self.__setitem__(key, value)

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        super(Map, self).__setitem__(key, value)
        self.__dict__.update({key: value})

    def __delattr__(self, item):
        self.__delitem__(item)

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        super(Map, self).__delitem__(key)
        del self.__dict__[key]

@derek73的答案非常简洁，但它不能被pickle或(深度)复制，并且它在缺少键时返回None。下面的代码修复了这个问题。

编辑:我没有看到上面的答案解决了完全相同的问题(点赞)。我把答案留在这里供参考。

class dotdict(dict):
    __setattr__ = dict.__setitem__
    __delattr__ = dict.__delitem__

    def __getattr__(self, name):
        try:
            return self[name]
        except KeyError:
            raise AttributeError(name)

获得点访问(但不是数组访问)的一个简单方法是在Python中使用一个普通对象。是这样的:

class YourObject:
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        for k, v in kwargs.items():
            setattr(self, k, v)

.．.像这样使用它:

>>> obj = YourObject(key="value")
>>> print(obj.key)
"value"

．.． 把它转换成字典:

>>> print(obj.__dict__)
{"key": "value"}

我一直把它保存在util文件中。您也可以在自己的类中使用它作为mixin。

class dotdict(dict):
    """dot.notation access to dictionary attributes"""
    __getattr__ = dict.get
    __setattr__ = dict.__setitem__
    __delattr__ = dict.__delitem__

mydict = {'val':'it works'}
nested_dict = {'val':'nested works too'}
mydict = dotdict(mydict)
mydict.val
# 'it works'

mydict.nested = dotdict(nested_dict)
mydict.nested.val
# 'nested works too'