我继承了一个相当大的SQL Server数据库。考虑到它包含的数据,它似乎比我预期的要占用更多的空间。
是否有一种简单的方法来确定每个表占用的磁盘空间?
我继承了一个相当大的SQL Server数据库。考虑到它包含的数据,它似乎比我预期的要占用更多的空间。
是否有一种简单的方法来确定每个表占用的磁盘空间?
当前回答
sp_spaceused可以获取表、索引视图或整个数据库使用的磁盘空间的信息。
例如:
USE MyDatabase; GO
EXEC sp_spaceused N'User.ContactInfo'; GO
这将报告ContactInfo表的磁盘使用情况信息。
要同时对所有表使用此选项:
USE MyDatabase; GO
sp_msforeachtable 'EXEC sp_spaceused [?]' GO
您还可以从SQL Server的右键单击“标准报告”功能中获取磁盘使用情况。要获取此报告,请从对象资源管理器中的服务器对象导航,向下移动到数据库对象,然后右键单击任何数据库。从出现的菜单中,选择“报告”,然后选择“标准报告”,再选择“磁盘分区使用情况:[DatabaseName]”。
其他回答
以上查询有助于查找表(包括索引)使用的空间量,但如果要比较表上的索引使用了多少空间,请使用以下查询:
SELECT
OBJECT_NAME(i.OBJECT_ID) AS TableName,
i.name AS IndexName,
i.index_id AS IndexID,
8 * SUM(a.used_pages) AS 'Indexsize(KB)'
FROM
sys.indexes AS i
JOIN sys.partitions AS p ON p.OBJECT_ID = i.OBJECT_ID AND p.index_id = i.index_id
JOIN sys.allocation_units AS a ON a.container_id = p.partition_id
WHERE
i.is_primary_key = 0 -- fix for size discrepancy
GROUP BY
i.OBJECT_ID,
i.index_id,
i.name
ORDER BY
OBJECT_NAME(i.OBJECT_ID),
i.index_id
作为marc_s答案(已被接受的答案)的一个简单扩展,它被调整为返回列计数并允许过滤:
SELECT *
FROM
(
SELECT
t.NAME AS TableName,
s.Name AS SchemaName,
p.rows AS RowCounts,
COUNT(DISTINCT c.COLUMN_NAME) as ColumnCount,
SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 AS TotalSpaceKB,
(SUM(a.used_pages) * 8) AS UsedSpaceKB,
(SUM(a.total_pages) - SUM(a.used_pages)) * 8 AS UnusedSpaceKB
FROM
sys.tables t
INNER JOIN
sys.indexes i ON t.OBJECT_ID = i.object_id
INNER JOIN
sys.partitions p ON i.object_id = p.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = p.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.allocation_units a ON p.partition_id = a.container_id
INNER JOIN
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c ON t.NAME = c.TABLE_NAME
LEFT OUTER JOIN
sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
WHERE
t.NAME NOT LIKE 'dt%'
AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND i.OBJECT_ID > 255
GROUP BY
t.Name, s.Name, p.Rows
) AS Result
WHERE
RowCounts > 1000
AND ColumnCount > 10
ORDER BY
UsedSpaceKB DESC
如果您只关心数据库中的空浪费空间,而不关心单个表,则可以考虑以下问题:
如果数据库经历了大量的数据插入和删除,可能与ETL情况类似,这将导致数据库中有太多未使用的空间,因为文件组会自动增长,但不会自动收缩。
您可以通过使用数据库的财产页面来查看是否是这种情况。您可以收缩(右键单击数据库>任务>收缩)并收回一些空间。但是,如果根本原因仍然存在,则数据库将增长(并花费额外的时间尝试增长,直到增长到足够的速度,所以不要这样做)
如果需要精确计算SSMS中“表财产-存储”页面上的相同数字,则需要使用与SSMS中相同的方法进行计数(适用于sql server 2005及更高版本……也适用于具有LOB字段的表,因为仅计算“used_pages”不足以显示准确的索引大小):
;with cte as (
SELECT
t.name as TableName,
SUM (s.used_page_count) as used_pages_count,
SUM (CASE
WHEN (i.index_id < 2) THEN (in_row_data_page_count + lob_used_page_count + row_overflow_used_page_count)
ELSE lob_used_page_count + row_overflow_used_page_count
END) as pages
FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats AS s
JOIN sys.tables AS t ON s.object_id = t.object_id
JOIN sys.indexes AS i ON i.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND s.index_id = i.index_id
GROUP BY t.name
)
select
cte.TableName,
cast((cte.pages * 8.)/1024 as decimal(10,3)) as TableSizeInMB,
cast(((CASE WHEN cte.used_pages_count > cte.pages
THEN cte.used_pages_count - cte.pages
ELSE 0
END) * 8./1024) as decimal(10,3)) as IndexSizeInMB
from cte
order by 2 desc
我的文章只与SQL Server 2000相关,并且已经过测试,可以在我的环境中工作。
该代码访问单个实例的所有可能的数据库,而不仅仅是单个数据库。
我使用两个临时表来帮助收集适当的数据,然后将结果转储到一个“Live”表中。
返回的数据是:DatabaseName、DatabaseTableName、Rows(在表中)、data(表的大小,以KB为单位)、entry data(我发现这对了解我上次运行脚本的时间很有用)。
这段代码的缺点是“data”字段不是以int形式存储的(字符“KB”保留在该字段中),这对于排序是有用的(但不是完全必要的)。
希望这段代码能帮助一些人,并为他们节省一些时间!
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_getAllDBTableSizes]
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT OFF
CREATE TABLE #DatabaseTables([dbname] sysname,TableName sysname)
CREATE TABLE #AllDatabaseTableSizes(Name sysname,[rows] VARCHAR(18), reserved VARCHAR(18), data VARCHAR(18), index_size VARCHAR(18), unused VARCHAR(18))
DECLARE @SQL nvarchar(4000)
SET @SQL='select ''?'' AS [Database], Table_Name from [?].information_schema.tables WHERE TABLE_TYPE = ''BASE TABLE'' '
INSERT INTO #DatabaseTables(DbName, TableName)
EXECUTE sp_msforeachdb @Command1=@SQL
DECLARE AllDatabaseTables CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FOR
SELECT TableName FROM #DatabaseTables
DECLARE AllDatabaseNames CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FOR
SELECT DBName FROM #DatabaseTables
DECLARE @DBName sysname
OPEN AllDatabaseNames
DECLARE @TName sysname
OPEN AllDatabaseTables
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH NEXT FROM AllDatabaseNames INTO @DBName
FETCH NEXT FROM AllDatabaseTables INTO @TName
IF @@FETCH_STATUS<>0 BREAK
INSERT INTO #AllDatabaseTableSizes
EXEC ( 'EXEC ' + @DBName + '.dbo.sp_spaceused ' + @TName)
END
--http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa175920(v=sql.80).aspx
INSERT INTO rsp_DatabaseTableSizes (DatabaseName, name, [rows], data)
SELECT [dbname], name, [rows], data FROM #DatabaseTables
INNER JOIN #AllDatabaseTableSizes
ON #DatabaseTables.TableName = #AllDatabaseTableSizes.Name
GROUP BY [dbname] , name, [rows], data
ORDER BY [dbname]
--To be honest, I have no idea what exact duplicates we are dropping
-- but in my case a near enough approach has been good enough.
DELETE FROM [rsp_DatabaseTableSizes]
WHERE name IN
(
SELECT name
FROM [rsp_DatabaseTableSizes]
GROUP BY name
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
)
DROP TABLE #DatabaseTables
DROP TABLE #AllDatabaseTableSizes
CLOSE AllDatabaseTables
DEALLOCATE AllDatabaseTables
CLOSE AllDatabaseNames
DEALLOCATE AllDatabaseNames
END
--EXEC [dbo].[usp_getAllDBTableSizes]
如果您需要知道,rsp_DatabaseTableSizes表是通过以下方式创建的:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[rsp_DatabaseSizes](
[DatabaseName] [varchar](1000) NULL,
[dbSize] [decimal](15, 2) NULL,
[DateUpdated] [smalldatetime] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO