我继承了一个相当大的SQL Server数据库。考虑到它包含的数据,它似乎比我预期的要占用更多的空间。

是否有一种简单的方法来确定每个表占用的磁盘空间?


当前回答

以上查询有助于查找表(包括索引)使用的空间量,但如果要比较表上的索引使用了多少空间,请使用以下查询:

SELECT
    OBJECT_NAME(i.OBJECT_ID) AS TableName,
    i.name AS IndexName,
    i.index_id AS IndexID,
    8 * SUM(a.used_pages) AS 'Indexsize(KB)'
FROM
    sys.indexes AS i
    JOIN sys.partitions AS p ON p.OBJECT_ID = i.OBJECT_ID AND p.index_id = i.index_id
    JOIN sys.allocation_units AS a ON a.container_id = p.partition_id
WHERE
    i.is_primary_key = 0 -- fix for size discrepancy
GROUP BY
    i.OBJECT_ID,
    i.index_id,
    i.name
ORDER BY
    OBJECT_NAME(i.OBJECT_ID),
    i.index_id

其他回答

在上面的@Mark回答中,添加了@updateusage='true'以强制更新最新的尺码统计(https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms188776.aspx):

        SET NOCOUNT ON
        DECLARE @TableInfo TABLE (tablename varchar(255), rowcounts int, reserved varchar(255), DATA varchar(255), index_size varchar(255), unused varchar(255))
        DECLARE @cmd1 varchar(500)
        SET @cmd1 = 'exec sp_spaceused @objname =''?'', @updateusage =''true'' '

        INSERT INTO @TableInfo (tablename,rowcounts,reserved,DATA,index_size,unused)
        EXEC sp_msforeachtable @command1=@cmd1 
SELECT * FROM @TableInfo ORDER BY Convert(int,Replace(DATA,' KB','')) DESC

sp_spaceused可以获取表、索引视图或整个数据库使用的磁盘空间的信息。

例如:

USE MyDatabase; GO

EXEC sp_spaceused N'User.ContactInfo'; GO

这将报告ContactInfo表的磁盘使用情况信息。

要同时对所有表使用此选项:

USE MyDatabase; GO

sp_msforeachtable 'EXEC sp_spaceused [?]' GO

您还可以从SQL Server的右键单击“标准报告”功能中获取磁盘使用情况。要获取此报告,请从对象资源管理器中的服务器对象导航,向下移动到数据库对象,然后右键单击任何数据库。从出现的菜单中,选择“报告”,然后选择“标准报告”,再选择“磁盘分区使用情况:[DatabaseName]”。

扩展到@xav答案,处理表分区以获得MB和GB大小。在SQL Server 2008/2012上测试(注释了一行,其中is_memory_optized=1)

SELECT
    a2.name AS TableName,
    a1.rows as [RowCount],
    --(a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) * 8 AS ReservedSize_KB,
    --a1.data * 8 AS DataSize_KB,
    --(CASE WHEN (a1.used + ISNULL(a4.used,0)) > a1.data THEN (a1.used + ISNULL(a4.used,0)) - a1.data ELSE 0 END) * 8 AS IndexSize_KB,
    --(CASE WHEN (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) > a1.used THEN (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) - a1.used ELSE 0 END) * 8 AS UnusedSize_KB,
    CAST(ROUND(((a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) * 8) / 1024.00, 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS ReservedSize_MB,
    CAST(ROUND(a1.data * 8 / 1024.00, 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS DataSize_MB,
    CAST(ROUND((CASE WHEN (a1.used + ISNULL(a4.used,0)) > a1.data THEN (a1.used + ISNULL(a4.used,0)) - a1.data ELSE 0 END) * 8 / 1024.00, 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS IndexSize_MB,
    CAST(ROUND((CASE WHEN (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) > a1.used THEN (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) - a1.used ELSE 0 END) * 8 / 1024.00, 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS UnusedSize_MB,
    --'| |' Separator_MB_GB,
    CAST(ROUND(((a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) * 8) / 1024.00 / 1024.00, 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS ReservedSize_GB,
    CAST(ROUND(a1.data * 8 / 1024.00 / 1024.00, 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS DataSize_GB,
    CAST(ROUND((CASE WHEN (a1.used + ISNULL(a4.used,0)) > a1.data THEN (a1.used + ISNULL(a4.used,0)) - a1.data ELSE 0 END) * 8 / 1024.00 / 1024.00, 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS IndexSize_GB,
    CAST(ROUND((CASE WHEN (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) > a1.used THEN (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) - a1.used ELSE 0 END) * 8 / 1024.00 / 1024.00, 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS UnusedSize_GB
FROM
    (SELECT 
        ps.object_id,
        SUM (CASE WHEN (ps.index_id < 2) THEN row_count ELSE 0 END) AS [rows],
        SUM (ps.reserved_page_count) AS reserved,
        SUM (CASE
                WHEN (ps.index_id < 2) THEN (ps.in_row_data_page_count + ps.lob_used_page_count + ps.row_overflow_used_page_count)
                ELSE (ps.lob_used_page_count + ps.row_overflow_used_page_count)
            END
            ) AS data,
        SUM (ps.used_page_count) AS used
    FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats ps
        --===Remove the following comment for SQL Server 2014+
        --WHERE ps.object_id NOT IN (SELECT object_id FROM sys.tables WHERE is_memory_optimized = 1)
    GROUP BY ps.object_id) AS a1
LEFT OUTER JOIN 
    (SELECT 
        it.parent_id,
        SUM(ps.reserved_page_count) AS reserved,
        SUM(ps.used_page_count) AS used
     FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats ps
     INNER JOIN sys.internal_tables it ON (it.object_id = ps.object_id)
     WHERE it.internal_type IN (202,204)
     GROUP BY it.parent_id) AS a4 ON (a4.parent_id = a1.object_id)
INNER JOIN sys.all_objects a2  ON ( a1.object_id = a2.object_id ) 
INNER JOIN sys.schemas a3 ON (a2.schema_id = a3.schema_id)
WHERE a2.type <> N'S' and a2.type <> N'IT'
--AND a2.name = 'MyTable'       --Filter for specific table
--ORDER BY a3.name, a2.name
ORDER BY ReservedSize_MB DESC

作为marc_s答案(已被接受的答案)的一个简单扩展,它被调整为返回列计数并允许过滤:

SELECT *
FROM
(

SELECT 
    t.NAME AS TableName,
    s.Name AS SchemaName,
    p.rows AS RowCounts,
    COUNT(DISTINCT c.COLUMN_NAME) as ColumnCount,
    SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 AS TotalSpaceKB, 
    (SUM(a.used_pages) * 8) AS UsedSpaceKB, 
    (SUM(a.total_pages) - SUM(a.used_pages)) * 8 AS UnusedSpaceKB
FROM 
    sys.tables t
INNER JOIN      
    sys.indexes i ON t.OBJECT_ID = i.object_id
INNER JOIN 
    sys.partitions p ON i.object_id = p.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = p.index_id
INNER JOIN 
    sys.allocation_units a ON p.partition_id = a.container_id
INNER JOIN
    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c ON t.NAME = c.TABLE_NAME
LEFT OUTER JOIN 
    sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
WHERE 
    t.NAME NOT LIKE 'dt%' 
    AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
    AND i.OBJECT_ID > 255
GROUP BY 
    t.Name, s.Name, p.Rows
) AS Result

WHERE
    RowCounts > 1000
    AND ColumnCount > 10
ORDER BY 
    UsedSpaceKB DESC

经过一番搜索,我找不到一种简单的方法来获取所有表格的信息。有一个名为sp_spaceused的方便存储过程,它将返回数据库使用的所有空间。如果提供了表名,则返回该表使用的空间。但是,存储过程返回的结果不可排序,因为列是字符值。

以下脚本将生成我要查找的信息。

create table #TableSize (
    Name varchar(255),
    [rows] int,
    reserved varchar(255),
    data varchar(255),
    index_size varchar(255),
    unused varchar(255))
create table #ConvertedSizes (
    Name varchar(255),
    [rows] int,
    reservedKb int,
    dataKb int,
    reservedIndexSize int,
    reservedUnused int)

EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @command1="insert into #TableSize
EXEC sp_spaceused '?'"
insert into #ConvertedSizes (Name, [rows], reservedKb, dataKb, reservedIndexSize, reservedUnused)
select name, [rows], 
SUBSTRING(reserved, 0, LEN(reserved)-2), 
SUBSTRING(data, 0, LEN(data)-2), 
SUBSTRING(index_size, 0, LEN(index_size)-2), 
SUBSTRING(unused, 0, LEN(unused)-2)
from #TableSize

select * from #ConvertedSizes
order by reservedKb desc

drop table #TableSize
drop table #ConvertedSizes