我继承了一个相当大的SQL Server数据库。考虑到它包含的数据,它似乎比我预期的要占用更多的空间。

是否有一种简单的方法来确定每个表占用的磁盘空间?


当前回答

从使用OSQL的命令提示符:

OSQL -E -d <*databasename*> -Q "exec sp_msforeachtable 'sp_spaceused [?]'" > result.txt

其他回答

我在marc_s答案的顶部添加了几列:

with fs
as
(
select i.object_id,
        p.rows AS RowCounts,
        SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 AS TotalSpaceKb
from     sys.indexes i INNER JOIN 
        sys.partitions p ON i.object_id = p.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = p.index_id INNER JOIN 
         sys.allocation_units a ON p.partition_id = a.container_id
WHERE 
    i.OBJECT_ID > 255 
GROUP BY 
    i.object_id,
    p.rows
)

SELECT 
    t.NAME AS TableName,
    fs.RowCounts,
    fs.TotalSpaceKb,
    t.create_date,
    t.modify_date,
    ( select COUNT(1)
        from sys.columns c 
        where c.object_id = t.object_id ) TotalColumns    
FROM 
    sys.tables t INNER JOIN      
    fs  ON t.OBJECT_ID = fs.object_id
WHERE 
    t.NAME NOT LIKE 'dt%' 
    AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
ORDER BY 
    t.Name

这将为您提供每个表的大小和记录计数。

set ANSI_NULLS ON
set QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
-- Get a list of tables and their sizes on disk
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_Table_Sizes]
AS
BEGIN
    -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
    -- interfering with SELECT statements.
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @table_name VARCHAR(500)  
DECLARE @schema_name VARCHAR(500)  
DECLARE @tab1 TABLE( 
        tablename VARCHAR (500) collate database_default 
       ,schemaname VARCHAR(500) collate database_default 
) 

CREATE TABLE #temp_Table ( 
        tablename sysname 
       ,row_count INT 
       ,reserved VARCHAR(50) collate database_default 
       ,data VARCHAR(50) collate database_default 
       ,index_size VARCHAR(50) collate database_default 
       ,unused VARCHAR(50) collate database_default  
) 

INSERT INTO @tab1  
SELECT Table_Name, Table_Schema  
FROM information_schema.tables  
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE' 

DECLARE c1 CURSOR FOR 
SELECT Table_Schema + '.' + Table_Name   
FROM information_schema.tables t1  
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE' 

OPEN c1 
FETCH NEXT FROM c1 INTO @table_name 
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0  
BEGIN   
        SET @table_name = REPLACE(@table_name, '[','');  
        SET @table_name = REPLACE(@table_name, ']','');  

        -- make sure the object exists before calling sp_spacedused 
        IF EXISTS(SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(@table_name)) 
        BEGIN 
               INSERT INTO #temp_Table EXEC sp_spaceused @table_name, false; 
        END 

        FETCH NEXT FROM c1 INTO @table_name 
END 
CLOSE c1 
DEALLOCATE c1 

SELECT  t1.* 
       ,t2.schemaname  
FROM #temp_Table t1  
INNER JOIN @tab1 t2 ON (t1.tablename = t2.tablename ) 
ORDER BY schemaname,t1.tablename; 

DROP TABLE #temp_Table
END

如果您只关心数据库中的空浪费空间,而不关心单个表,则可以考虑以下问题:

如果数据库经历了大量的数据插入和删除,可能与ETL情况类似,这将导致数据库中有太多未使用的空间,因为文件组会自动增长,但不会自动收缩。

您可以通过使用数据库的财产页面来查看是否是这种情况。您可以收缩(右键单击数据库>任务>收缩)并收回一些空间。但是,如果根本原因仍然存在,则数据库将增长(并花费额外的时间尝试增长,直到增长到足够的速度,所以不要这样做)

以上查询有助于查找表(包括索引)使用的空间量,但如果要比较表上的索引使用了多少空间,请使用以下查询:

SELECT
    OBJECT_NAME(i.OBJECT_ID) AS TableName,
    i.name AS IndexName,
    i.index_id AS IndexID,
    8 * SUM(a.used_pages) AS 'Indexsize(KB)'
FROM
    sys.indexes AS i
    JOIN sys.partitions AS p ON p.OBJECT_ID = i.OBJECT_ID AND p.index_id = i.index_id
    JOIN sys.allocation_units AS a ON a.container_id = p.partition_id
WHERE
    i.is_primary_key = 0 -- fix for size discrepancy
GROUP BY
    i.OBJECT_ID,
    i.index_id,
    i.name
ORDER BY
    OBJECT_NAME(i.OBJECT_ID),
    i.index_id

我的文章只与SQL Server 2000相关,并且已经过测试,可以在我的环境中工作。

该代码访问单个实例的所有可能的数据库,而不仅仅是单个数据库。

我使用两个临时表来帮助收集适当的数据,然后将结果转储到一个“Live”表中。

返回的数据是:DatabaseName、DatabaseTableName、Rows(在表中)、data(表的大小,以KB为单位)、entry data(我发现这对了解我上次运行脚本的时间很有用)。

这段代码的缺点是“data”字段不是以int形式存储的(字符“KB”保留在该字段中),这对于排序是有用的(但不是完全必要的)。

希望这段代码能帮助一些人,并为他们节省一些时间!

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_getAllDBTableSizes]

AS
BEGIN
   SET NOCOUNT OFF

   CREATE TABLE #DatabaseTables([dbname] sysname,TableName sysname)
   CREATE TABLE #AllDatabaseTableSizes(Name sysname,[rows] VARCHAR(18), reserved VARCHAR(18), data VARCHAR(18), index_size VARCHAR(18), unused VARCHAR(18))

   DECLARE @SQL nvarchar(4000)
   SET @SQL='select ''?'' AS [Database], Table_Name from [?].information_schema.tables WHERE TABLE_TYPE = ''BASE TABLE'' '

   INSERT INTO #DatabaseTables(DbName, TableName)
      EXECUTE sp_msforeachdb @Command1=@SQL

   DECLARE AllDatabaseTables CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FOR   
   SELECT TableName FROM #DatabaseTables

   DECLARE AllDatabaseNames CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FOR   
   SELECT DBName FROM #DatabaseTables

   DECLARE @DBName sysname  
   OPEN AllDatabaseNames  

   DECLARE @TName sysname
   OPEN AllDatabaseTables  

   WHILE 1=1 BEGIN 
      FETCH NEXT FROM AllDatabaseNames INTO @DBName  
      FETCH NEXT FROM AllDatabaseTables INTO @TName 
      IF @@FETCH_STATUS<>0 BREAK  
      INSERT INTO #AllDatabaseTableSizes
         EXEC ( 'EXEC ' + @DBName + '.dbo.sp_spaceused ' + @TName) 

   END 

   --http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa175920(v=sql.80).aspx
   INSERT INTO rsp_DatabaseTableSizes (DatabaseName, name, [rows], data)
      SELECT   [dbname], name, [rows],  data FROM #DatabaseTables
      INNER JOIN #AllDatabaseTableSizes
      ON #DatabaseTables.TableName = #AllDatabaseTableSizes.Name
      GROUP BY [dbname] , name, [rows],  data
      ORDER BY [dbname]
   --To be honest, I have no idea what exact duplicates we are dropping
    -- but in my case a near enough approach has been good enough.
   DELETE FROM [rsp_DatabaseTableSizes]
   WHERE name IN 
      ( 
      SELECT name 
      FROM [rsp_DatabaseTableSizes]
      GROUP BY name
      HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
      )

   DROP TABLE #DatabaseTables
   DROP TABLE #AllDatabaseTableSizes

   CLOSE AllDatabaseTables  
   DEALLOCATE AllDatabaseTables  

   CLOSE AllDatabaseNames  
   DEALLOCATE AllDatabaseNames      
END

--EXEC [dbo].[usp_getAllDBTableSizes] 

如果您需要知道,rsp_DatabaseTableSizes表是通过以下方式创建的:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[rsp_DatabaseSizes](
    [DatabaseName] [varchar](1000) NULL,
    [dbSize] [decimal](15, 2) NULL,
    [DateUpdated] [smalldatetime] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO