作为marc_s答案（已被接受的答案）的一个简单扩展，它被调整为返回列计数并允许过滤：

SELECT *
FROM
(

SELECT 
    t.NAME AS TableName,
    s.Name AS SchemaName,
    p.rows AS RowCounts,
    COUNT(DISTINCT c.COLUMN_NAME) as ColumnCount,
    SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 AS TotalSpaceKB, 
    (SUM(a.used_pages) * 8) AS UsedSpaceKB, 
    (SUM(a.total_pages) - SUM(a.used_pages)) * 8 AS UnusedSpaceKB
FROM 
    sys.tables t
INNER JOIN      
    sys.indexes i ON t.OBJECT_ID = i.object_id
INNER JOIN 
    sys.partitions p ON i.object_id = p.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = p.index_id
INNER JOIN 
    sys.allocation_units a ON p.partition_id = a.container_id
INNER JOIN
    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c ON t.NAME = c.TABLE_NAME
LEFT OUTER JOIN 
    sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
WHERE 
    t.NAME NOT LIKE 'dt%' 
    AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
    AND i.OBJECT_ID > 255
GROUP BY 
    t.Name, s.Name, p.Rows
) AS Result

WHERE
    RowCounts > 1000
    AND ColumnCount > 10
ORDER BY 
    UsedSpaceKB DESC

下面是一个示例查询，用于获取按大小降序排列的大于1GB的表。

USE YourDB
GO

DECLARE @Mult float = 8
SET @Mult = @Mult / POWER(2, 20) -- Use POWER(2, 10) for MBs

; WITH CTE AS
(
SELECT
    i.object_id,
    Rows = MAX(p.rows),
    TotalSpaceGB = ROUND(SUM(a.total_pages) * @Mult, 0),
    UsedSpaceGB = ROUND(SUM(a.used_pages) * @Mult, 0)
FROM 
    sys.indexes i
JOIN
    sys.partitions p ON i.object_id = p.object_id AND i.index_id = p.index_id
JOIN
    sys.allocation_units a ON p.partition_id = a.container_id
WHERE
    i.object_id > 255
GROUP BY
    i.object_id
HAVING
    SUM(a.total_pages) * @Mult > 1
)
SELECT 
    SchemaName = s.name,
    TableName = t.name,
    c.TotalSpaceGB,
    c.UsedSpaceGB,
    UnusedSpaceGB = c.TotalSpaceGB - c.UsedSpaceGB,
    [RowCount] = c.Rows
FROM 
    CTE c
JOIN    
    sys.tables t ON t.object_id = c.object_id
JOIN
    sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
ORDER BY
    c.TotalSpaceGB DESC

如果您使用的是SQL Server Management Studio（SSMS），则可以运行标准报告，而不是运行查询（在我的情况下返回重复的行）

右键单击数据库导航到报告>标准报告>磁盘使用情况（按表）

注意：数据库兼容级别必须设置为90或更高，才能正常工作。看见http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/bb510680.aspx

当处理多个分区和/或筛选索引时，Marc_s的答案给出了错误的结果。它也不区分数据和索引的大小，这通常是非常相关的。一些建议的修复方法并不能解决核心问题，或者根本就是错误的。

以下查询解决了所有这些问题。

SELECT 
     [object_id]        = t.[object_id]
    ,[schema_name]      = s.[name]
    ,[table_name]       = t.[name]
    ,[index_name]       = CASE WHEN i.[type] in (0,1,5) THEN null    ELSE i.[name] END -- 0=Heap; 1=Clustered; 5=Clustered Columnstore
    ,[object_type]      = CASE WHEN i.[type] in (0,1,5) THEN 'TABLE' ELSE 'INDEX'  END
    ,[index_type]       = i.[type_desc]
    ,[partition_count]  = p.partition_count
    ,[row_count]        = p.[rows]
    ,[data_compression] = CASE WHEN p.data_compression_cnt > 1 THEN 'Mixed'
                               ELSE (  SELECT DISTINCT p.data_compression_desc
                                       FROM sys.partitions p
                                       WHERE i.[object_id] = p.[object_id] AND i.index_id = p.index_id
                                    )
                          END
    ,[total_space_MB]   = cast(round(( au.total_pages                  * (8/1024.00)), 2) AS DECIMAL(36,2))
    ,[used_space_MB]    = cast(round(( au.used_pages                   * (8/1024.00)), 2) AS DECIMAL(36,2))
    ,[unused_space_MB]  = cast(round(((au.total_pages - au.used_pages) * (8/1024.00)), 2) AS DECIMAL(36,2))
FROM sys.schemas s
JOIN sys.tables  t ON s.schema_id = t.schema_id
JOIN sys.indexes i ON t.object_id = i.object_id
JOIN (
    SELECT [object_id], index_id, partition_count=count(*), [rows]=sum([rows]), data_compression_cnt=count(distinct [data_compression])
    FROM sys.partitions
    GROUP BY [object_id], [index_id]
) p ON i.[object_id] = p.[object_id] AND i.[index_id] = p.[index_id]
JOIN (
    SELECT p.[object_id], p.[index_id], total_pages = sum(a.total_pages), used_pages = sum(a.used_pages), data_pages=sum(a.data_pages)
    FROM sys.partitions p
    JOIN sys.allocation_units a ON p.[partition_id] = a.[container_id]
    GROUP BY p.[object_id], p.[index_id]
) au ON i.[object_id] = au.[object_id] AND i.[index_id] = au.[index_id]
WHERE t.is_ms_shipped = 0 -- Not a system table

 exec  sp_spaceused N'dbo.MyTable'

对于所有表，请使用。。（根据保罗的评论补充）

exec sp_MSForEachTable 'exec sp_spaceused [?]'

CREATE TABLE #tmp_table_info
(
id int identity(1,1),
tblname varchar(200)
);
CREATE TABLE #SpaceUsed 
(
     TableName sysname
    ,NumRows BIGINT
    ,ReservedSpace VARCHAR(50)
    ,DataSpace VARCHAR(50)
    ,IndexSize VARCHAR(50)
    ,UnusedSpace VARCHAR(50)
) 

insert into #tmp_table_info
select s.name+'.'+t.name 
from sys.tables t 
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
where t.type = 'U';

declare @min int =1,@max int = 0
select @max = count(*)
from #tmp_table_info
while(@min<=@max)
begin
    declare @tablename varchar(200)
    select @tablename=tblname
    from #tmp_table_info
    where id =@min

    DECLARE @str VARCHAR(500)
    SET @str =  'sp_spaceused '''+@tablename+''''
    INSERT INTO #SpaceUsed 
    EXEC (@str)  
    set @min =@min + 1
end;
select @@SERVERNAME as servername,DB_NAME() as DatabaseName,CONVERT(numeric(18,0),REPLACE(ReservedSpace,' KB','')) / 1024 as ReservedSpace_MB,
CONVERT(numeric(18,0),REPLACE(DataSpace,' KB','')) / 1024 as DataSpace_MB,
CONVERT(numeric(18,0),REPLACE(IndexSize,' KB','')) / 1024 as IndexSpace_MB,
CONVERT(numeric(18,0),REPLACE(UnusedSpace,' KB','')) / 1024 as UnusedSpace_MB from #SpaceUsed
drop table #tmp_table_info
drop table #SpaceUsed