我继承了一个相当大的SQL Server数据库。考虑到它包含的数据,它似乎比我预期的要占用更多的空间。
是否有一种简单的方法来确定每个表占用的磁盘空间?
我继承了一个相当大的SQL Server数据库。考虑到它包含的数据,它似乎比我预期的要占用更多的空间。
是否有一种简单的方法来确定每个表占用的磁盘空间?
当前回答
要获取一个数据库中的所有表大小,可以使用以下查询:
Exec sys.sp_MSforeachtable ' sp_spaceused "?" '
您可以将其更改为将所有结果插入临时表,然后从临时表中进行选择。
Insert into #TempTable Exec sys.sp_MSforeachtable ' sp_spaceused "?" '
Select * from #TempTable
其他回答
经过一番搜索,我找不到一种简单的方法来获取所有表格的信息。有一个名为sp_spaceused的方便存储过程,它将返回数据库使用的所有空间。如果提供了表名,则返回该表使用的空间。但是,存储过程返回的结果不可排序,因为列是字符值。
以下脚本将生成我要查找的信息。
create table #TableSize (
Name varchar(255),
[rows] int,
reserved varchar(255),
data varchar(255),
index_size varchar(255),
unused varchar(255))
create table #ConvertedSizes (
Name varchar(255),
[rows] int,
reservedKb int,
dataKb int,
reservedIndexSize int,
reservedUnused int)
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @command1="insert into #TableSize
EXEC sp_spaceused '?'"
insert into #ConvertedSizes (Name, [rows], reservedKb, dataKb, reservedIndexSize, reservedUnused)
select name, [rows],
SUBSTRING(reserved, 0, LEN(reserved)-2),
SUBSTRING(data, 0, LEN(data)-2),
SUBSTRING(index_size, 0, LEN(index_size)-2),
SUBSTRING(unused, 0, LEN(unused)-2)
from #TableSize
select * from #ConvertedSizes
order by reservedKb desc
drop table #TableSize
drop table #ConvertedSizes
我的文章只与SQL Server 2000相关,并且已经过测试,可以在我的环境中工作。
该代码访问单个实例的所有可能的数据库,而不仅仅是单个数据库。
我使用两个临时表来帮助收集适当的数据,然后将结果转储到一个“Live”表中。
返回的数据是:DatabaseName、DatabaseTableName、Rows(在表中)、data(表的大小,以KB为单位)、entry data(我发现这对了解我上次运行脚本的时间很有用)。
这段代码的缺点是“data”字段不是以int形式存储的(字符“KB”保留在该字段中),这对于排序是有用的(但不是完全必要的)。
希望这段代码能帮助一些人,并为他们节省一些时间!
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_getAllDBTableSizes]
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT OFF
CREATE TABLE #DatabaseTables([dbname] sysname,TableName sysname)
CREATE TABLE #AllDatabaseTableSizes(Name sysname,[rows] VARCHAR(18), reserved VARCHAR(18), data VARCHAR(18), index_size VARCHAR(18), unused VARCHAR(18))
DECLARE @SQL nvarchar(4000)
SET @SQL='select ''?'' AS [Database], Table_Name from [?].information_schema.tables WHERE TABLE_TYPE = ''BASE TABLE'' '
INSERT INTO #DatabaseTables(DbName, TableName)
EXECUTE sp_msforeachdb @Command1=@SQL
DECLARE AllDatabaseTables CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FOR
SELECT TableName FROM #DatabaseTables
DECLARE AllDatabaseNames CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FOR
SELECT DBName FROM #DatabaseTables
DECLARE @DBName sysname
OPEN AllDatabaseNames
DECLARE @TName sysname
OPEN AllDatabaseTables
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH NEXT FROM AllDatabaseNames INTO @DBName
FETCH NEXT FROM AllDatabaseTables INTO @TName
IF @@FETCH_STATUS<>0 BREAK
INSERT INTO #AllDatabaseTableSizes
EXEC ( 'EXEC ' + @DBName + '.dbo.sp_spaceused ' + @TName)
END
--http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa175920(v=sql.80).aspx
INSERT INTO rsp_DatabaseTableSizes (DatabaseName, name, [rows], data)
SELECT [dbname], name, [rows], data FROM #DatabaseTables
INNER JOIN #AllDatabaseTableSizes
ON #DatabaseTables.TableName = #AllDatabaseTableSizes.Name
GROUP BY [dbname] , name, [rows], data
ORDER BY [dbname]
--To be honest, I have no idea what exact duplicates we are dropping
-- but in my case a near enough approach has been good enough.
DELETE FROM [rsp_DatabaseTableSizes]
WHERE name IN
(
SELECT name
FROM [rsp_DatabaseTableSizes]
GROUP BY name
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
)
DROP TABLE #DatabaseTables
DROP TABLE #AllDatabaseTableSizes
CLOSE AllDatabaseTables
DEALLOCATE AllDatabaseTables
CLOSE AllDatabaseNames
DEALLOCATE AllDatabaseNames
END
--EXEC [dbo].[usp_getAllDBTableSizes]
如果您需要知道,rsp_DatabaseTableSizes表是通过以下方式创建的:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[rsp_DatabaseSizes](
[DatabaseName] [varchar](1000) NULL,
[dbSize] [decimal](15, 2) NULL,
[DateUpdated] [smalldatetime] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
如果您只关心数据库中的空浪费空间,而不关心单个表,则可以考虑以下问题:
如果数据库经历了大量的数据插入和删除,可能与ETL情况类似,这将导致数据库中有太多未使用的空间,因为文件组会自动增长,但不会自动收缩。
您可以通过使用数据库的财产页面来查看是否是这种情况。您可以收缩(右键单击数据库>任务>收缩)并收回一些空间。但是,如果根本原因仍然存在,则数据库将增长(并花费额外的时间尝试增长,直到增长到足够的速度,所以不要这样做)
我们使用表分区,由于重复记录,上面提供的查询有一些问题。
对于需要此功能的人,您可以在下面找到SQL Server 2014在生成“磁盘使用情况(按表)”报告时运行的查询。我假设它也适用于以前版本的SQL Server。
它就像一个符咒。
SELECT
a2.name AS [tablename],
a1.rows as row_count,
(a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0))* 8 AS reserved,
a1.data * 8 AS data,
(CASE WHEN (a1.used + ISNULL(a4.used,0)) > a1.data THEN (a1.used + ISNULL(a4.used,0)) - a1.data ELSE 0 END) * 8 AS index_size,
(CASE WHEN (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) > a1.used THEN (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) - a1.used ELSE 0 END) * 8 AS unused
FROM
(SELECT
ps.object_id,
SUM (
CASE
WHEN (ps.index_id < 2) THEN row_count
ELSE 0
END
) AS [rows],
SUM (ps.reserved_page_count) AS reserved,
SUM (
CASE
WHEN (ps.index_id < 2) THEN (ps.in_row_data_page_count + ps.lob_used_page_count + ps.row_overflow_used_page_count)
ELSE (ps.lob_used_page_count + ps.row_overflow_used_page_count)
END
) AS data,
SUM (ps.used_page_count) AS used
FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats ps
WHERE ps.object_id NOT IN (SELECT object_id FROM sys.tables WHERE is_memory_optimized = 1)
GROUP BY ps.object_id) AS a1
LEFT OUTER JOIN
(SELECT
it.parent_id,
SUM(ps.reserved_page_count) AS reserved,
SUM(ps.used_page_count) AS used
FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats ps
INNER JOIN sys.internal_tables it ON (it.object_id = ps.object_id)
WHERE it.internal_type IN (202,204)
GROUP BY it.parent_id) AS a4 ON (a4.parent_id = a1.object_id)
INNER JOIN sys.all_objects a2 ON ( a1.object_id = a2.object_id )
INNER JOIN sys.schemas a3 ON (a2.schema_id = a3.schema_id)
WHERE a2.type <> N'S' and a2.type <> N'IT'
ORDER BY a3.name, a2.name
SELECT
t.NAME AS TableName,
s.Name AS SchemaName,
p.rows,
SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 AS TotalSpaceKB,
CAST(ROUND(((SUM(a.total_pages) * 8) / 1024.00), 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS TotalSpaceMB,
SUM(a.used_pages) * 8 AS UsedSpaceKB,
CAST(ROUND(((SUM(a.used_pages) * 8) / 1024.00), 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS UsedSpaceMB,
(SUM(a.total_pages) - SUM(a.used_pages)) * 8 AS UnusedSpaceKB,
CAST(ROUND(((SUM(a.total_pages) - SUM(a.used_pages)) * 8) / 1024.00, 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS UnusedSpaceMB
FROM
sys.tables t
INNER JOIN
sys.indexes i ON t.OBJECT_ID = i.object_id
INNER JOIN
sys.partitions p ON i.object_id = p.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = p.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.allocation_units a ON p.partition_id = a.container_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN
sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
WHERE
t.NAME NOT LIKE 'dt%'
AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND i.OBJECT_ID > 255
GROUP BY
t.Name, s.Name, p.Rows
ORDER BY
TotalSpaceMB DESC, t.Name