我继承了一个相当大的SQL Server数据库。考虑到它包含的数据,它似乎比我预期的要占用更多的空间。

是否有一种简单的方法来确定每个表占用的磁盘空间?


当前回答

我在marc_s答案的顶部添加了几列:

with fs
as
(
select i.object_id,
        p.rows AS RowCounts,
        SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 AS TotalSpaceKb
from     sys.indexes i INNER JOIN 
        sys.partitions p ON i.object_id = p.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = p.index_id INNER JOIN 
         sys.allocation_units a ON p.partition_id = a.container_id
WHERE 
    i.OBJECT_ID > 255 
GROUP BY 
    i.object_id,
    p.rows
)

SELECT 
    t.NAME AS TableName,
    fs.RowCounts,
    fs.TotalSpaceKb,
    t.create_date,
    t.modify_date,
    ( select COUNT(1)
        from sys.columns c 
        where c.object_id = t.object_id ) TotalColumns    
FROM 
    sys.tables t INNER JOIN      
    fs  ON t.OBJECT_ID = fs.object_id
WHERE 
    t.NAME NOT LIKE 'dt%' 
    AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
ORDER BY 
    t.Name

其他回答

我们使用表分区,由于重复记录,上面提供的查询有一些问题。

对于需要此功能的人,您可以在下面找到SQL Server 2014在生成“磁盘使用情况(按表)”报告时运行的查询。我假设它也适用于以前版本的SQL Server。

它就像一个符咒。

SELECT
    a2.name AS [tablename],
    a1.rows as row_count,
    (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0))* 8 AS reserved, 
    a1.data * 8 AS data,
    (CASE WHEN (a1.used + ISNULL(a4.used,0)) > a1.data THEN (a1.used + ISNULL(a4.used,0)) - a1.data ELSE 0 END) * 8 AS index_size,
    (CASE WHEN (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) > a1.used THEN (a1.reserved + ISNULL(a4.reserved,0)) - a1.used ELSE 0 END) * 8 AS unused
FROM
    (SELECT 
        ps.object_id,
        SUM (
            CASE
                WHEN (ps.index_id < 2) THEN row_count
                ELSE 0
            END
            ) AS [rows],
        SUM (ps.reserved_page_count) AS reserved,
        SUM (
            CASE
                WHEN (ps.index_id < 2) THEN (ps.in_row_data_page_count + ps.lob_used_page_count + ps.row_overflow_used_page_count)
                ELSE (ps.lob_used_page_count + ps.row_overflow_used_page_count)
            END
            ) AS data,
        SUM (ps.used_page_count) AS used
    FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats ps
        WHERE ps.object_id NOT IN (SELECT object_id FROM sys.tables WHERE is_memory_optimized = 1)
    GROUP BY ps.object_id) AS a1
LEFT OUTER JOIN 
    (SELECT 
        it.parent_id,
        SUM(ps.reserved_page_count) AS reserved,
        SUM(ps.used_page_count) AS used
     FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats ps
     INNER JOIN sys.internal_tables it ON (it.object_id = ps.object_id)
     WHERE it.internal_type IN (202,204)
     GROUP BY it.parent_id) AS a4 ON (a4.parent_id = a1.object_id)
INNER JOIN sys.all_objects a2  ON ( a1.object_id = a2.object_id ) 
INNER JOIN sys.schemas a3 ON (a2.schema_id = a3.schema_id)
WHERE a2.type <> N'S' and a2.type <> N'IT'
ORDER BY a3.name, a2.name

我要感谢Greg Low先生的提问:

SELECT o.name AS ObjectName, 
       SUM(reserved_page_count) * 8.0 / 1024 AS SizeinMB
FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats AS ps
INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects AS o
ON ps.object_id = o.id
GROUP BY o.name
ORDER BY SizeinMB DESC;

以上查询有助于查找表(包括索引)使用的空间量,但如果要比较表上的索引使用了多少空间,请使用以下查询:

SELECT
    OBJECT_NAME(i.OBJECT_ID) AS TableName,
    i.name AS IndexName,
    i.index_id AS IndexID,
    8 * SUM(a.used_pages) AS 'Indexsize(KB)'
FROM
    sys.indexes AS i
    JOIN sys.partitions AS p ON p.OBJECT_ID = i.OBJECT_ID AND p.index_id = i.index_id
    JOIN sys.allocation_units AS a ON a.container_id = p.partition_id
WHERE
    i.is_primary_key = 0 -- fix for size discrepancy
GROUP BY
    i.OBJECT_ID,
    i.index_id,
    i.name
ORDER BY
    OBJECT_NAME(i.OBJECT_ID),
    i.index_id

如果您只关心数据库中的空浪费空间,而不关心单个表,则可以考虑以下问题:

如果数据库经历了大量的数据插入和删除,可能与ETL情况类似,这将导致数据库中有太多未使用的空间,因为文件组会自动增长,但不会自动收缩。

您可以通过使用数据库的财产页面来查看是否是这种情况。您可以收缩(右键单击数据库>任务>收缩)并收回一些空间。但是,如果根本原因仍然存在,则数据库将增长(并花费额外的时间尝试增长,直到增长到足够的速度,所以不要这样做)

要获取一个数据库中的所有表大小,可以使用以下查询:

Exec sys.sp_MSforeachtable ' sp_spaceused "?" '

您可以将其更改为将所有结果插入临时表,然后从临时表中进行选择。

Insert into #TempTable Exec sys.sp_MSforeachtable ' sp_spaceused "?" ' 
Select * from #TempTable