我继承了一个相当大的SQL Server数据库。考虑到它包含的数据,它似乎比我预期的要占用更多的空间。

是否有一种简单的方法来确定每个表占用的磁盘空间?


当前回答

如果您使用的是SQL Server Management Studio(SSMS),则可以运行标准报告,而不是运行查询(在我的情况下返回重复的行)

右键单击数据库导航到报告>标准报告>磁盘使用情况(按表)

注意:数据库兼容级别必须设置为90或更高,才能正常工作。看见http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/bb510680.aspx

其他回答

我的文章只与SQL Server 2000相关,并且已经过测试,可以在我的环境中工作。

该代码访问单个实例的所有可能的数据库,而不仅仅是单个数据库。

我使用两个临时表来帮助收集适当的数据,然后将结果转储到一个“Live”表中。

返回的数据是:DatabaseName、DatabaseTableName、Rows(在表中)、data(表的大小,以KB为单位)、entry data(我发现这对了解我上次运行脚本的时间很有用)。

这段代码的缺点是“data”字段不是以int形式存储的(字符“KB”保留在该字段中),这对于排序是有用的(但不是完全必要的)。

希望这段代码能帮助一些人,并为他们节省一些时间!

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_getAllDBTableSizes]

AS
BEGIN
   SET NOCOUNT OFF

   CREATE TABLE #DatabaseTables([dbname] sysname,TableName sysname)
   CREATE TABLE #AllDatabaseTableSizes(Name sysname,[rows] VARCHAR(18), reserved VARCHAR(18), data VARCHAR(18), index_size VARCHAR(18), unused VARCHAR(18))

   DECLARE @SQL nvarchar(4000)
   SET @SQL='select ''?'' AS [Database], Table_Name from [?].information_schema.tables WHERE TABLE_TYPE = ''BASE TABLE'' '

   INSERT INTO #DatabaseTables(DbName, TableName)
      EXECUTE sp_msforeachdb @Command1=@SQL

   DECLARE AllDatabaseTables CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FOR   
   SELECT TableName FROM #DatabaseTables

   DECLARE AllDatabaseNames CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FOR   
   SELECT DBName FROM #DatabaseTables

   DECLARE @DBName sysname  
   OPEN AllDatabaseNames  

   DECLARE @TName sysname
   OPEN AllDatabaseTables  

   WHILE 1=1 BEGIN 
      FETCH NEXT FROM AllDatabaseNames INTO @DBName  
      FETCH NEXT FROM AllDatabaseTables INTO @TName 
      IF @@FETCH_STATUS<>0 BREAK  
      INSERT INTO #AllDatabaseTableSizes
         EXEC ( 'EXEC ' + @DBName + '.dbo.sp_spaceused ' + @TName) 

   END 

   --http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa175920(v=sql.80).aspx
   INSERT INTO rsp_DatabaseTableSizes (DatabaseName, name, [rows], data)
      SELECT   [dbname], name, [rows],  data FROM #DatabaseTables
      INNER JOIN #AllDatabaseTableSizes
      ON #DatabaseTables.TableName = #AllDatabaseTableSizes.Name
      GROUP BY [dbname] , name, [rows],  data
      ORDER BY [dbname]
   --To be honest, I have no idea what exact duplicates we are dropping
    -- but in my case a near enough approach has been good enough.
   DELETE FROM [rsp_DatabaseTableSizes]
   WHERE name IN 
      ( 
      SELECT name 
      FROM [rsp_DatabaseTableSizes]
      GROUP BY name
      HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
      )

   DROP TABLE #DatabaseTables
   DROP TABLE #AllDatabaseTableSizes

   CLOSE AllDatabaseTables  
   DEALLOCATE AllDatabaseTables  

   CLOSE AllDatabaseNames  
   DEALLOCATE AllDatabaseNames      
END

--EXEC [dbo].[usp_getAllDBTableSizes] 

如果您需要知道,rsp_DatabaseTableSizes表是通过以下方式创建的:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[rsp_DatabaseSizes](
    [DatabaseName] [varchar](1000) NULL,
    [dbSize] [decimal](15, 2) NULL,
    [DateUpdated] [smalldatetime] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

当处理多个分区和/或筛选索引时,Marc_s的答案给出了错误的结果。它也不区分数据和索引的大小,这通常是非常相关的。一些建议的修复方法并不能解决核心问题,或者根本就是错误的。

以下查询解决了所有这些问题。

SELECT 
     [object_id]        = t.[object_id]
    ,[schema_name]      = s.[name]
    ,[table_name]       = t.[name]
    ,[index_name]       = CASE WHEN i.[type] in (0,1,5) THEN null    ELSE i.[name] END -- 0=Heap; 1=Clustered; 5=Clustered Columnstore
    ,[object_type]      = CASE WHEN i.[type] in (0,1,5) THEN 'TABLE' ELSE 'INDEX'  END
    ,[index_type]       = i.[type_desc]
    ,[partition_count]  = p.partition_count
    ,[row_count]        = p.[rows]
    ,[data_compression] = CASE WHEN p.data_compression_cnt > 1 THEN 'Mixed'
                               ELSE (  SELECT DISTINCT p.data_compression_desc
                                       FROM sys.partitions p
                                       WHERE i.[object_id] = p.[object_id] AND i.index_id = p.index_id
                                    )
                          END
    ,[total_space_MB]   = cast(round(( au.total_pages                  * (8/1024.00)), 2) AS DECIMAL(36,2))
    ,[used_space_MB]    = cast(round(( au.used_pages                   * (8/1024.00)), 2) AS DECIMAL(36,2))
    ,[unused_space_MB]  = cast(round(((au.total_pages - au.used_pages) * (8/1024.00)), 2) AS DECIMAL(36,2))
FROM sys.schemas s
JOIN sys.tables  t ON s.schema_id = t.schema_id
JOIN sys.indexes i ON t.object_id = i.object_id
JOIN (
    SELECT [object_id], index_id, partition_count=count(*), [rows]=sum([rows]), data_compression_cnt=count(distinct [data_compression])
    FROM sys.partitions
    GROUP BY [object_id], [index_id]
) p ON i.[object_id] = p.[object_id] AND i.[index_id] = p.[index_id]
JOIN (
    SELECT p.[object_id], p.[index_id], total_pages = sum(a.total_pages), used_pages = sum(a.used_pages), data_pages=sum(a.data_pages)
    FROM sys.partitions p
    JOIN sys.allocation_units a ON p.[partition_id] = a.[container_id]
    GROUP BY p.[object_id], p.[index_id]
) au ON i.[object_id] = au.[object_id] AND i.[index_id] = au.[index_id]
WHERE t.is_ms_shipped = 0 -- Not a system table

在上面的@Mark回答中,添加了@updateusage='true'以强制更新最新的尺码统计(https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms188776.aspx):

        SET NOCOUNT ON
        DECLARE @TableInfo TABLE (tablename varchar(255), rowcounts int, reserved varchar(255), DATA varchar(255), index_size varchar(255), unused varchar(255))
        DECLARE @cmd1 varchar(500)
        SET @cmd1 = 'exec sp_spaceused @objname =''?'', @updateusage =''true'' '

        INSERT INTO @TableInfo (tablename,rowcounts,reserved,DATA,index_size,unused)
        EXEC sp_msforeachtable @command1=@cmd1 
SELECT * FROM @TableInfo ORDER BY Convert(int,Replace(DATA,' KB','')) DESC

这将为您提供每个表的大小和记录计数。

set ANSI_NULLS ON
set QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
-- Get a list of tables and their sizes on disk
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_Table_Sizes]
AS
BEGIN
    -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
    -- interfering with SELECT statements.
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @table_name VARCHAR(500)  
DECLARE @schema_name VARCHAR(500)  
DECLARE @tab1 TABLE( 
        tablename VARCHAR (500) collate database_default 
       ,schemaname VARCHAR(500) collate database_default 
) 

CREATE TABLE #temp_Table ( 
        tablename sysname 
       ,row_count INT 
       ,reserved VARCHAR(50) collate database_default 
       ,data VARCHAR(50) collate database_default 
       ,index_size VARCHAR(50) collate database_default 
       ,unused VARCHAR(50) collate database_default  
) 

INSERT INTO @tab1  
SELECT Table_Name, Table_Schema  
FROM information_schema.tables  
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE' 

DECLARE c1 CURSOR FOR 
SELECT Table_Schema + '.' + Table_Name   
FROM information_schema.tables t1  
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE' 

OPEN c1 
FETCH NEXT FROM c1 INTO @table_name 
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0  
BEGIN   
        SET @table_name = REPLACE(@table_name, '[','');  
        SET @table_name = REPLACE(@table_name, ']','');  

        -- make sure the object exists before calling sp_spacedused 
        IF EXISTS(SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(@table_name)) 
        BEGIN 
               INSERT INTO #temp_Table EXEC sp_spaceused @table_name, false; 
        END 

        FETCH NEXT FROM c1 INTO @table_name 
END 
CLOSE c1 
DEALLOCATE c1 

SELECT  t1.* 
       ,t2.schemaname  
FROM #temp_Table t1  
INNER JOIN @tab1 t2 ON (t1.tablename = t2.tablename ) 
ORDER BY schemaname,t1.tablename; 

DROP TABLE #temp_Table
END

如果您只关心数据库中的空浪费空间,而不关心单个表,则可以考虑以下问题:

如果数据库经历了大量的数据插入和删除,可能与ETL情况类似,这将导致数据库中有太多未使用的空间,因为文件组会自动增长,但不会自动收缩。

您可以通过使用数据库的财产页面来查看是否是这种情况。您可以收缩(右键单击数据库>任务>收缩)并收回一些空间。但是,如果根本原因仍然存在,则数据库将增长(并花费额外的时间尝试增长,直到增长到足够的速度,所以不要这样做)