我唯一一次使用结构体而不是类是在函数调用中使用函数子之前声明函数子，为了清晰起见，我想尽量减少语法。例如:

struct Compare { bool operator() { ... } };
std::sort(collection.begin(), collection.end(), Compare()); 

从技术上讲，这两者在c++中是相同的——例如，结构体可能具有重载操作符等。

然而:

当我希望同时传递多种类型的信息时，我使用结构体 当我处理一个“功能性”对象时，我使用类。

希望能有所帮助。

#include <string>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

struct student
{
    int age;
    string name;
    map<string, int> grades
};

class ClassRoom
{
    typedef map<string, student> student_map;
  public :
    student getStudentByName(string name) const 
    { student_map::const_iterator m_it = students.find(name); return m_it->second; }
  private :
    student_map students;
};

例如，我在这里的get…()方法中返回一个struct student -喜欢。

正如每个人所说，唯一真正的区别是默认访问。但是，当我不想对简单的数据类进行任何形式的封装时，即使实现了一些helper方法，我也会特别使用struct。例如，当我需要这样的东西时:

struct myvec {
    int x;
    int y;
    int z;

    int length() {return x+y+z;}
};

回答我自己的问题(无耻地)，正如已经提到的，访问权限是c++中它们之间的唯一区别。

我倾向于仅将结构体用于数据存储。我将允许它获得一些帮助函数，如果它使处理数据更容易的话。然而，一旦数据需要流控制(即维护或保护内部状态的getter /setter)或开始获得任何主要功能(基本上更像对象)，它将被“升级”为一个类，以更好地传达意图。

struct对我有帮助的一个地方是，当我有一个系统从另一个系统接收固定格式的消息(通过串行端口)时。您可以将字节流转换为定义字段的结构，然后轻松访问这些字段。

typedef struct
{
    int messageId;
    int messageCounter;
    int messageData;
} tMessageType;

void processMessage(unsigned char *rawMessage)
{
    tMessageType *messageFields = (tMessageType *)rawMessage;
    printf("MessageId is %d\n", messageFields->messageId);
}

显然，这与您在C中所做的事情相同，但我发现必须将消息解码为类的开销通常是不值得的。

摘自c++ FAQ Lite:

The members and base classes of a struct are public by default, while in class, they default to private. Note: you should make your base classes explicitly public, private, or protected, rather than relying on the defaults. struct and class are otherwise functionally equivalent. OK, enough of that squeaky clean techno talk. Emotionally, most developers make a strong distinction between a class and a struct. A struct simply feels like an open pile of bits with very little in the way of encapsulation or functionality. A class feels like a living and responsible member of society with intelligent services, a strong encapsulation barrier, and a well defined interface. Since that's the connotation most people already have, you should probably use the struct keyword if you have a class that has very few methods and has public data (such things do exist in well designed systems!), but otherwise you should probably use the class keyword.