我有一个foreach循环,需要执行一些逻辑时,最后一项是从列表中选择,例如:

 foreach (Item result in Model.Results)
 {
      //if current result is the last item in Model.Results
      //then do something in the code
 }

我可以知道哪个循环是最后没有使用循环和计数器吗?


当前回答

你可以只使用一个for循环,不需要在for体中添加额外的if:

for (int i = 0; i < Model.Results.Count - 1; i++) {
    var item = Model.Results[i];
}

for条件中的-1负责跳过最后一项。

其他回答

var last = objList.LastOrDefault();
foreach (var item in objList)
{
  if (item.Equals(last))
  {
  
  }
}

还有更简单的方法吗?

Item last = null;
foreach (Item result in Model.Results)
{
    // do something with each item

    last = result;
}

//Here Item 'last' contains the last object that came in the last of foreach loop.
DoSomethingOnLastElement(last);

正如Shimmy所指出的,使用Last()可能会导致性能问题,例如,如果您的集合是LINQ表达式的实时结果。为了防止多次迭代,你可以使用“ForEach”扩展方法,如下所示:

var elements = new[] { "A", "B", "C" };
elements.ForEach((element, info) => {
    if (!info.IsLast) {
        Console.WriteLine(element);
    } else {
        Console.WriteLine("Last one: " + element);
    }
});

扩展方法看起来像这样(作为额外的奖励,它还会告诉你索引,如果你在看第一个元素):

public static class EnumerableExtensions {
    public delegate void ElementAction<in T>(T element, ElementInfo info);

    public static void ForEach<T>(this IEnumerable<T> elements, ElementAction<T> action) {
        using (IEnumerator<T> enumerator = elements.GetEnumerator())
        {
            bool isFirst = true;
            bool hasNext = enumerator.MoveNext();
            int index = 0;
            while (hasNext)
            {
                T current = enumerator.Current;
                hasNext = enumerator.MoveNext();
                action(current, new ElementInfo(index, isFirst, !hasNext));
                isFirst = false;
                index++;
            }
        }
    }

    public struct ElementInfo {
        public ElementInfo(int index, bool isFirst, bool isLast)
            : this() {
            Index = index;
            IsFirst = isFirst;
            IsLast = isLast;
        }

        public int Index { get; private set; }
        public bool IsFirst { get; private set; }
        public bool IsLast { get; private set; }
    }
}

进一步改进Daniel Wolf的答案,你可以堆叠在另一个IEnumerable上,以避免多次迭代和lambda,例如:

var elements = new[] { "A", "B", "C" };
foreach (var e in elements.Detailed())
{
    if (!e.IsLast) {
        Console.WriteLine(e.Value);
    } else {
        Console.WriteLine("Last one: " + e.Value);
    }
}

扩展方法实现:

public static class EnumerableExtensions {
    public static IEnumerable<IterationElement<T>> Detailed<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source)
    {
        if (source == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(source));

        using (var enumerator = source.GetEnumerator())
        {
            bool isFirst = true;
            bool hasNext = enumerator.MoveNext();
            int index = 0;
            while (hasNext)
            {
                T current = enumerator.Current;
                hasNext = enumerator.MoveNext();
                yield return new IterationElement<T>(index, current, isFirst, !hasNext);
                isFirst = false;
                index++;
            }
        }
    }

    public struct IterationElement<T>
    {
        public int Index { get; }
        public bool IsFirst { get; }
        public bool IsLast { get; }
        public T Value { get; }

        public IterationElement(int index, T value, bool isFirst, bool isLast)
        {
            Index = index;
            IsFirst = isFirst;
            IsLast = isLast;
            Value = value;
        }
    }
}

你可以创建一个专门用于此的扩展方法:

public static class EnumerableExtensions {
    public static bool IsLast<T>(this List<T> items, T item)
        {
            if (items.Count == 0)
                return false;
            T last = items[items.Count - 1];
            return item.Equals(last);
        }
    }

你可以这样使用它:

foreach (Item result in Model.Results)
{
    if(Model.Results.IsLast(result))
    {
        //do something in the code
    }
}