通用解决方案，也在sh中工作(工作不输出任何东西到stdout):

trap "pkill -P $$" EXIT INT

更新:https://stackoverflow.com/a/53714583/302079通过添加退出状态和清除功能改进了这一点。

trap "exit" INT TERM
trap "kill 0" EXIT

为什么转换INT和TERM退出?因为两者都应该在不进入无限循环的情况下触发kill 0。

为什么在EXIT时触发kill 0 ?因为正常的脚本退出也应该触发kill 0。

为什么要杀死0?因为嵌套的子shell也需要被杀死。这会把整个过程树都画下来。

function cleanup_func {
    sleep 0.5
    echo cleanup
}

trap "exit \$exit_code" INT TERM
trap "exit_code=\$?; cleanup_func; kill 0" EXIT

# exit 1
# exit 0

类似于https://stackoverflow.com/a/22644006/10082476，但增加了退出代码

通用解决方案，也在sh中工作(工作不输出任何东西到stdout):

trap "pkill -P $$" EXIT INT

脚本的加载。运行一个killall(或操作系统上可用的任何命令)命令，该命令在脚本完成后立即执行。

我把@tokland的回答与http://veithen.github.io/2014/11/16/sigterm-propagation.html的知识相结合，当我注意到如果我正在运行一个前台进程(不是后台的&)，陷阱不会触发:

#!/bin/bash

# killable-shell.sh: Kills itself and all children (the whole process group) when killed.
# Adapted from http://stackoverflow.com/a/2173421 and http://veithen.github.io/2014/11/16/sigterm-propagation.html
# Note: Does not work (and cannot work) when the shell itself is killed with SIGKILL, for then the trap is not triggered.
trap "trap - SIGTERM && echo 'Caught SIGTERM, sending SIGTERM to process group' && kill -- -$$" SIGINT SIGTERM EXIT

echo $@
"$@" &
PID=$!
wait $PID
trap - SIGINT SIGTERM EXIT
wait $PID

它工作的例子:

$ bash killable-shell.sh sleep 100
sleep 100
^Z
[1]  + 31568 suspended  bash killable-shell.sh sleep 100

$ ps aux | grep "sleep"
niklas   31568  0.0  0.0  19640  1440 pts/18   T    01:30   0:00 bash killable-shell.sh sleep 100
niklas   31569  0.0  0.0  14404   616 pts/18   T    01:30   0:00 sleep 100
niklas   31605  0.0  0.0  18956   936 pts/18   S+   01:30   0:00 grep --color=auto sleep

$ bg
[1]  + 31568 continued  bash killable-shell.sh sleep 100

$ kill 31568
Caught SIGTERM, sending SIGTERM to process group
[1]  + 31568 terminated  bash killable-shell.sh sleep 100

$ ps aux | grep "sleep"
niklas   31717  0.0  0.0  18956   936 pts/18   S+   01:31   0:00 grep --color=auto sleep