如何将字节数组转换为十六进制字符串,反之亦然?
当前回答
另一种基于查找表的方法。该方法只为每个字节使用一个查找表,而不是为每个半字节使用查找表。
private static readonly uint[] _lookup32 = CreateLookup32();
private static uint[] CreateLookup32()
{
var result = new uint[256];
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
string s=i.ToString("X2");
result[i] = ((uint)s[0]) + ((uint)s[1] << 16);
}
return result;
}
private static string ByteArrayToHexViaLookup32(byte[] bytes)
{
var lookup32 = _lookup32;
var result = new char[bytes.Length * 2];
for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
{
var val = lookup32[bytes[i]];
result[2*i] = (char)val;
result[2*i + 1] = (char) (val >> 16);
}
return new string(result);
}
我还使用查找表中的ushort、struct{char X1,X2}、struct{byte X1,X2}测试了这个变体。
根据编译目标(x86、X64)的不同,它们要么具有大致相同的性能,要么稍慢于此变体。
为了获得更高的性能,其不安全的兄弟:
private static readonly uint[] _lookup32Unsafe = CreateLookup32Unsafe();
private static readonly uint* _lookup32UnsafeP = (uint*)GCHandle.Alloc(_lookup32Unsafe,GCHandleType.Pinned).AddrOfPinnedObject();
private static uint[] CreateLookup32Unsafe()
{
var result = new uint[256];
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
string s=i.ToString("X2");
if(BitConverter.IsLittleEndian)
result[i] = ((uint)s[0]) + ((uint)s[1] << 16);
else
result[i] = ((uint)s[1]) + ((uint)s[0] << 16);
}
return result;
}
public static string ByteArrayToHexViaLookup32Unsafe(byte[] bytes)
{
var lookupP = _lookup32UnsafeP;
var result = new char[bytes.Length * 2];
fixed(byte* bytesP = bytes)
fixed (char* resultP = result)
{
uint* resultP2 = (uint*)resultP;
for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
{
resultP2[i] = lookupP[bytesP[i]];
}
}
return new string(result);
}
或者如果您认为可以直接写入字符串:
public static string ByteArrayToHexViaLookup32UnsafeDirect(byte[] bytes)
{
var lookupP = _lookup32UnsafeP;
var result = new string((char)0, bytes.Length * 2);
fixed (byte* bytesP = bytes)
fixed (char* resultP = result)
{
uint* resultP2 = (uint*)resultP;
for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
{
resultP2[i] = lookupP[bytesP[i]];
}
}
return result;
}
其他回答
另一个快速功能。。。
private static readonly byte[] HexNibble = new byte[] {
0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7,
0x8, 0x9, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0,
0x0, 0xA, 0xB, 0xC, 0xD, 0xE, 0xF, 0x0,
0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0,
0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0,
0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0,
0x0, 0xA, 0xB, 0xC, 0xD, 0xE, 0xF
};
public static byte[] HexStringToByteArray( string str )
{
int byteCount = str.Length >> 1;
byte[] result = new byte[byteCount + (str.Length & 1)];
for( int i = 0; i < byteCount; i++ )
result[i] = (byte) (HexNibble[str[i << 1] - 48] << 4 | HexNibble[str[(i << 1) + 1] - 48]);
if( (str.Length & 1) != 0 )
result[byteCount] = (byte) HexNibble[str[str.Length - 1] - 48];
return result;
}
两个mashup,将两个半字节操作合并为一个。
可能非常有效的版本:
public static string ByteArrayToString2(byte[] ba)
{
char[] c = new char[ba.Length * 2];
for( int i = 0; i < ba.Length * 2; ++i)
{
byte b = (byte)((ba[i>>1] >> 4*((i&1)^1)) & 0xF);
c[i] = (char)(55 + b + (((b-10)>>31)&-7));
}
return new string( c );
}
Decadent linq与比特黑客版本:
public static string ByteArrayToString(byte[] ba)
{
return string.Concat( ba.SelectMany( b => new int[] { b >> 4, b & 0xF }).Select( b => (char)(55 + b + (((b-10)>>31)&-7))) );
}
并反转:
public static byte[] HexStringToByteArray( string s )
{
byte[] ab = new byte[s.Length>>1];
for( int i = 0; i < s.Length; i++ )
{
int b = s[i];
b = (b - '0') + ((('9' - b)>>31)&-7);
ab[i>>1] |= (byte)(b << 4*((i&1)^1));
}
return ab;
}
// a safe version of the lookup solution:
public static string ByteArrayToHexViaLookup32Safe(byte[] bytes, bool withZeroX)
{
if (bytes.Length == 0)
{
return withZeroX ? "0x" : "";
}
int length = bytes.Length * 2 + (withZeroX ? 2 : 0);
StateSmall stateToPass = new StateSmall(bytes, withZeroX);
return string.Create(length, stateToPass, (chars, state) =>
{
int offset0x = 0;
if (state.WithZeroX)
{
chars[0] = '0';
chars[1] = 'x';
offset0x += 2;
}
Span<uint> charsAsInts = MemoryMarshal.Cast<char, uint>(chars.Slice(offset0x));
int targetLength = state.Bytes.Length;
for (int i = 0; i < targetLength; i += 1)
{
uint val = Lookup32[state.Bytes[i]];
charsAsInts[i] = val;
}
});
}
private struct StateSmall
{
public StateSmall(byte[] bytes, bool withZeroX)
{
Bytes = bytes;
WithZeroX = withZeroX;
}
public byte[] Bytes;
public bool WithZeroX;
}
从.NET 5 RC2开始,您可以使用:
Convert.ToHexString(byte[]inArray),返回字符串和Convert.FromHexString(字符串s),返回字节[]。
可以使用跨度参数的重载。
您可以使用BitConverter.ToString方法:
byte[] bytes = {0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256}
Console.WriteLine( BitConverter.ToString(bytes));
输出:
00-01-02-04-08-10-20-40-80-FF
更多信息:BitConverter.ToString方法(Byte[])
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