根据Tudorizer的回答，在不离开或重新启动应用程序的情况下更改语言。

使用类来访问首选语言，而不是宏，以检查是否存在特定的语言代码。

下面是一个类，用于获取当前在iOS 9中工作的语言包:

@implementation OSLocalization

+ (NSBundle *)currentLanguageBundle
{
    // Default language incase an unsupported language is found
    NSString *language = @"en";

    if ([NSLocale preferredLanguages].count) {
        // Check first object to be of type "en","es" etc
        // Codes seen by my eyes: "en-US","en","es-US","es" etc

        NSString *letterCode = [[NSLocale preferredLanguages] objectAtIndex:0];

        if ([letterCode rangeOfString:@"en"].location != NSNotFound) {
            // English
            language = @"en";
        } else if ([letterCode rangeOfString:@"es"].location != NSNotFound) {
            // Spanish
            language = @"es";
        } else if ([letterCode rangeOfString:@"fr"].location != NSNotFound) {
            // French
            language = @"fr";
        } // Add more if needed
    }

    return [NSBundle bundleWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:language ofType:@"lproj"]];
}

/// Check if preferred language is English
+ (BOOL)isCurrentLanguageEnglish
{
    if (![NSLocale preferredLanguages].count) {
        // Just incase check for no items in array
        return YES;
    }

    if ([[[NSLocale preferredLanguages] objectAtIndex:0] rangeOfString:@"en"].location == NSNotFound) {
        // No letter code for english found
        return NO;
    } else {
        // Tis English
        return YES;
    }
}

/*  Swap language between English & Spanish
 *  Could send a string argument to directly pass the new language
 */
+ (void)changeCurrentLanguage
{
    if ([self isCurrentLanguageEnglish]) {
        [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@[@"es"] forKey:@"AppleLanguages"];
    } else {
        [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@[@"en"] forKey:@"AppleLanguages"];
    }
}
@end

使用上面的类来引用一个字符串文件/图像/视频/等等:

// Access a localized image
[[OSLocalization currentLanguageBundle] pathForResource:@"my_image_name.png" ofType:nil]
// Access  a localized string from Localizable.strings file
NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(@"StringKey", nil, [OSLocalization currentLanguageBundle], @"comment")

像下面这样inline更改language或更新上面类中的"changeCurrentLanguage"方法，以获取引用新语言的字符串参数。

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@[@"es"] forKey:@"AppleLanguages"];

这个函数将尝试获取当前语言的本地化字符串，如果没有找到，它将使用英语语言获取它。

- (NSString*)L:(NSString*)key
{
    static NSString* valueNotFound = @"VALUE_NOT_FOUND";
    static NSBundle* enBundle = nil;

    NSString* pl = [NSLocale preferredLanguages][0];
    NSString* bp = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:pl ofType:@"lproj"];
    NSBundle* b = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:bp];

    NSString* s = [b localizedStringForKey:key value:valueNotFound table:nil];
    if ( [s isEqualToString:valueNotFound] ) {
        if ( !enBundle ) {
            bp = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"en" ofType:@"lproj"];
            enBundle = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:bp];
        }
        s = [enBundle localizedStringForKey:key value:key table:nil];
    }

    return s;
}

Swift 3解决方案:

let languages = ["bs", "zh-Hant", "en", "fi", "ko", "lv", "ms", "pl", "pt-BR", "ru", "sr-Latn", "sk", "es", "tr"]
UserDefaults.standard.set([languages[0]], forKey: "AppleLanguages")

给出了一些可以使用的语言代码的例子。希望这能有所帮助

我想出了一个解决方案，允许你使用NSLocalizedString。我创建了一个名为NSBundle+ runtimellanguage的NSBundle类别。界面是这样的。

// NSBundle+RunTimeLanguage.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface NSBundle (RunTimeLanguage)
#define NSLocalizedString(key, comment) [[NSBundle mainBundle] runTimeLocalizedStringForKey:(key) value:@"" table:nil]
- (NSString *)runTimeLocalizedStringForKey:(NSString *)key value:(NSString *)value table:(NSString *)tableName;
@end

实现是这样的。

// NSBundle+RunTimeLanguage.m
#import "NSBundle+RunTimeLanguage.h"
#import "AppDelegate.h"

@implementation NSBundle (RunTimeLanguage)

- (NSString *)runTimeLocalizedStringForKey:(NSString *)key value:(NSString *)value table:(NSString *)tableName
{
    AppDelegate *appDelegate = (AppDelegate *)[UIApplication sharedApplication].delegate;
    NSString *path= [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:[appDelegate languageCode] ofType:@"lproj"];
    NSBundle *languageBundle = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:path];
    NSString *localizedString=[languageBundle localizedStringForKey:key value:key table:nil];
    return localizedString;
}
@end

而不是仅仅添加导入NSBundle+RunTimeLanguage.h到使用NSLocalizedString的文件中。

如你所见，我将我的languageCode存储在AppDelegate的属性中。你可以把它存储在任何你想要的地方。

我唯一不喜欢的是一个警告，NSLocalizedString马可重新定义。也许有人能帮我修好这部分。

根据Tudorizer的回答，在不离开或重新启动应用程序的情况下更改语言。

使用类来访问首选语言，而不是宏，以检查是否存在特定的语言代码。

下面是一个类，用于获取当前在iOS 9中工作的语言包:

@implementation OSLocalization

+ (NSBundle *)currentLanguageBundle
{
    // Default language incase an unsupported language is found
    NSString *language = @"en";

    if ([NSLocale preferredLanguages].count) {
        // Check first object to be of type "en","es" etc
        // Codes seen by my eyes: "en-US","en","es-US","es" etc

        NSString *letterCode = [[NSLocale preferredLanguages] objectAtIndex:0];

        if ([letterCode rangeOfString:@"en"].location != NSNotFound) {
            // English
            language = @"en";
        } else if ([letterCode rangeOfString:@"es"].location != NSNotFound) {
            // Spanish
            language = @"es";
        } else if ([letterCode rangeOfString:@"fr"].location != NSNotFound) {
            // French
            language = @"fr";
        } // Add more if needed
    }

    return [NSBundle bundleWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:language ofType:@"lproj"]];
}

/// Check if preferred language is English
+ (BOOL)isCurrentLanguageEnglish
{
    if (![NSLocale preferredLanguages].count) {
        // Just incase check for no items in array
        return YES;
    }

    if ([[[NSLocale preferredLanguages] objectAtIndex:0] rangeOfString:@"en"].location == NSNotFound) {
        // No letter code for english found
        return NO;
    } else {
        // Tis English
        return YES;
    }
}

/*  Swap language between English & Spanish
 *  Could send a string argument to directly pass the new language
 */
+ (void)changeCurrentLanguage
{
    if ([self isCurrentLanguageEnglish]) {
        [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@[@"es"] forKey:@"AppleLanguages"];
    } else {
        [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@[@"en"] forKey:@"AppleLanguages"];
    }
}
@end

使用上面的类来引用一个字符串文件/图像/视频/等等:

// Access a localized image
[[OSLocalization currentLanguageBundle] pathForResource:@"my_image_name.png" ofType:nil]
// Access  a localized string from Localizable.strings file
NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(@"StringKey", nil, [OSLocalization currentLanguageBundle], @"comment")

像下面这样inline更改language或更新上面类中的"changeCurrentLanguage"方法，以获取引用新语言的字符串参数。

[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@[@"es"] forKey:@"AppleLanguages"];

我最喜欢Mauro Delrio的方法。 我还在我的Project_Prefix.pch中添加了以下内容

#import "Language.h"    
#define MyLocalizedString(key, alt) [Language get:key alter:alt]

如果你想使用标准方法(使用NSLocalizedString)你可以在所有文件中做一个快速的语法替换。