你没说你用的是哪台服务器。在旧版本的SQL Server中，你可以使用这个:

select top 1 * from mytable order by newid()

在SQL Server 2005及以上版本中，你可以使用TABLESAMPLE来获取一个可重复的随机样本:

SELECT FirstName, LastName
FROM Contact 
TABLESAMPLE (1 ROWS) ;

在MSSQL(在11.0.5569上测试)中使用

SELECT TOP 100 * FROM employee ORDER BY CRYPT_GEN_RANDOM(10)

明显快于

SELECT TOP 100 * FROM employee ORDER BY NEWID()

用于MySQL获取随机记录

 SELECT name
  FROM random AS r1 JOIN
       (SELECT (RAND() *
                     (SELECT MAX(id)
                        FROM random)) AS id)
        AS r2
 WHERE r1.id >= r2.id
 ORDER BY r1.id ASC
 LIMIT 1

详情http://jan.kneschke.de/projects/mysql/order-by-rand/

请参阅这篇文章:从数据库表中随机选择一行的SQL。它介绍了在MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server, IBM DB2和Oracle中执行此操作的方法(以下内容是从该链接复制的):

用MySQL随机选择一行:

SELECT column FROM table
ORDER BY RAND()
LIMIT 1

使用PostgreSQL随机选择一行:

SELECT column FROM table
ORDER BY RANDOM()
LIMIT 1

使用Microsoft SQL Server随机选择一行:

SELECT TOP 1 column FROM table
ORDER BY NEWID()

使用IBM DB2选择一个随机行

SELECT column, RAND() as IDX 
FROM table 
ORDER BY IDX FETCH FIRST 1 ROWS ONLY

使用Oracle随机选择一条记录:

SELECT column FROM
( SELECT column FROM table
ORDER BY dbms_random.value )
WHERE rownum = 1

一个简单而有效的方法从http://akinas.com/pages/en/blog/mysql_random_row/

SET @i = (SELECT FLOOR(RAND() * COUNT(*)) FROM table); PREPARE get_stmt FROM 'SELECT * FROM table LIMIT ?, 1'; EXECUTE get_stmt USING @i;

 SELECT * FROM table ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 1