我只是做了一个简单的测试，看看instanceOf的性能如何与对一个只有一个字母的字符串对象的简单s.equals()调用进行比较。

在10.000.000循环中，instanceOf给了我63-96ms，而字符串equals给了我106-230ms

我使用java jvm 6。

所以在我的简单测试中，做一个instanceOf而不是一个字符串比较更快。

使用Integer的.equals()而不是string的给了我相同的结果，只有当我使用== I比instanceOf快20ms(在10.000.000循环中)

InstanceOf是一个糟糕的面向对象设计的警告。

当前的jvm意味着instanceOf本身并不是一个性能问题。如果您发现自己经常使用它，特别是在核心功能方面，那么可能是时候考虑一下设计了。重构为更好的设计所带来的性能(和简单性/可维护性)收益将大大超过实际instanceOf调用所花费的实际处理器周期。

给出一个非常简单的编程示例。

if (SomeObject instanceOf Integer) {
  [do something]
}
if (SomeObject instanceOf Double) {
  [do something different]
}

是一个糟糕的架构，更好的选择是让SomeObject成为两个子类的父类，其中每个子类重写一个方法(doSomething)，这样代码看起来就像这样:

Someobject.doSomething();

You're focusing on the wrong thing. The difference between instanceof and any other method for checking the same thing would probably not even be measurable. If performance is critical then Java is probably the wrong language. The major reason being that you can't control when the VM decides it wants to go collect garbage, which can take the CPU to 100% for several seconds in a large program (MagicDraw 10 was great for that). Unless you are in control of every computer this program will run on you can't guarantee which version of JVM it will be on, and many of the older ones had major speed issues. If it's a small app you may be ok with Java, but if you are constantly reading and discarding data then you will notice when the GC kicks in.

一般来说，在这种情况下(instanceof检查这个基类的子类)不支持使用“instanceof”操作符的原因是，您应该做的是将操作移动到一个方法中，并为适当的子类重写它。例如，如果你有:

if (o instanceof Class1)
   doThis();
else if (o instanceof Class2)
   doThat();
//...

你可以用

o.doEverything();

然后在Class1中调用“doEverything()”的实现，在Class2中调用“doThat()”，以此类推。

我有同样的问题，但因为我没有找到类似于我的用例的“性能指标”，我做了一些更多的示例代码。在我的硬件和Java 6和7上，instanceof和switch在1000万次迭代上的区别是

for 10 child classes - instanceof: 1200ms vs switch: 470ms
for 5 child classes  - instanceof:  375ms vs switch: 204ms

因此，instanceof确实比较慢，特别是在大量的if-else-if语句上，但是在实际应用中差异可以忽略不计。

import java.util.Date;

public class InstanceOfVsEnum {

    public static int c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, c9, cA;

    public static class Handler {
        public enum Type { Type1, Type2, Type3, Type4, Type5, Type6, Type7, Type8, Type9, TypeA }
        protected Handler(Type type) { this.type = type; }
        public final Type type;

        public static void addHandlerInstanceOf(Handler h) {
            if( h instanceof H1) { c1++; }
            else if( h instanceof H2) { c2++; }
            else if( h instanceof H3) { c3++; }
            else if( h instanceof H4) { c4++; }
            else if( h instanceof H5) { c5++; }
            else if( h instanceof H6) { c6++; }
            else if( h instanceof H7) { c7++; }
            else if( h instanceof H8) { c8++; }
            else if( h instanceof H9) { c9++; }
            else if( h instanceof HA) { cA++; }
        }

        public static void addHandlerSwitch(Handler h) {
            switch( h.type ) {
                case Type1: c1++; break;
                case Type2: c2++; break;
                case Type3: c3++; break;
                case Type4: c4++; break;
                case Type5: c5++; break;
                case Type6: c6++; break;
                case Type7: c7++; break;
                case Type8: c8++; break;
                case Type9: c9++; break;
                case TypeA: cA++; break;
            }
        }
    }

    public static class H1 extends Handler { public H1() { super(Type.Type1); } }
    public static class H2 extends Handler { public H2() { super(Type.Type2); } }
    public static class H3 extends Handler { public H3() { super(Type.Type3); } }
    public static class H4 extends Handler { public H4() { super(Type.Type4); } }
    public static class H5 extends Handler { public H5() { super(Type.Type5); } }
    public static class H6 extends Handler { public H6() { super(Type.Type6); } }
    public static class H7 extends Handler { public H7() { super(Type.Type7); } }
    public static class H8 extends Handler { public H8() { super(Type.Type8); } }
    public static class H9 extends Handler { public H9() { super(Type.Type9); } }
    public static class HA extends Handler { public HA() { super(Type.TypeA); } }

    final static int cCycles = 10000000;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        H1 h1 = new H1();
        H2 h2 = new H2();
        H3 h3 = new H3();
        H4 h4 = new H4();
        H5 h5 = new H5();
        H6 h6 = new H6();
        H7 h7 = new H7();
        H8 h8 = new H8();
        H9 h9 = new H9();
        HA hA = new HA();

        Date dtStart = new Date();
        for( int i = 0; i < cCycles; i++ ) {
            Handler.addHandlerInstanceOf(h1);
            Handler.addHandlerInstanceOf(h2);
            Handler.addHandlerInstanceOf(h3);
            Handler.addHandlerInstanceOf(h4);
            Handler.addHandlerInstanceOf(h5);
            Handler.addHandlerInstanceOf(h6);
            Handler.addHandlerInstanceOf(h7);
            Handler.addHandlerInstanceOf(h8);
            Handler.addHandlerInstanceOf(h9);
            Handler.addHandlerInstanceOf(hA);
        }
        System.out.println("Instance of - " + (new Date().getTime() - dtStart.getTime()));

        dtStart = new Date();
        for( int i = 0; i < cCycles; i++ ) {
            Handler.addHandlerSwitch(h1);
            Handler.addHandlerSwitch(h2);
            Handler.addHandlerSwitch(h3);
            Handler.addHandlerSwitch(h4);
            Handler.addHandlerSwitch(h5);
            Handler.addHandlerSwitch(h6);
            Handler.addHandlerSwitch(h7);
            Handler.addHandlerSwitch(h8);
            Handler.addHandlerSwitch(h9);
            Handler.addHandlerSwitch(hA);
        }
        System.out.println("Switch of - " + (new Date().getTime() - dtStart.getTime()));
    }
}

如果速度是您的唯一目标，那么使用int常量来标识子类似乎可以节省几毫秒的时间

static final int ID_A = 0;
static final int ID_B = 1;
abstract class Base {
  final int id;
  Base(int i) { id = i; }
}
class A extends Base {
 A() { super(ID_A); }
}
class B extends Base {
 B() { super(ID_B); }
}
...
Base obj = ...
switch(obj.id) {
case  ID_A: .... break;
case  ID_B: .... break;
}

糟糕的OO设计，但如果你的性能分析表明这是你的瓶颈，那么也许。在我的代码中，分派代码占用了总执行时间的10%，这可能有助于1%的总速度提高。