You're focusing on the wrong thing. The difference between instanceof and any other method for checking the same thing would probably not even be measurable. If performance is critical then Java is probably the wrong language. The major reason being that you can't control when the VM decides it wants to go collect garbage, which can take the CPU to 100% for several seconds in a large program (MagicDraw 10 was great for that). Unless you are in control of every computer this program will run on you can't guarantee which version of JVM it will be on, and many of the older ones had major speed issues. If it's a small app you may be ok with Java, but if you are constantly reading and discarding data then you will notice when the GC kicks in.

'instanceof'实际上是一个运算符，就像+或-，我相信它有自己的JVM字节码指令。应该够快了。

我不应该说，如果你有一个开关，你正在测试一个对象是否是某个子类的实例，那么你的设计可能需要重做。考虑将特定于子类的行为下推到子类本身。

You're focusing on the wrong thing. The difference between instanceof and any other method for checking the same thing would probably not even be measurable. If performance is critical then Java is probably the wrong language. The major reason being that you can't control when the VM decides it wants to go collect garbage, which can take the CPU to 100% for several seconds in a large program (MagicDraw 10 was great for that). Unless you are in control of every computer this program will run on you can't guarantee which version of JVM it will be on, and many of the older ones had major speed issues. If it's a small app you may be ok with Java, but if you are constantly reading and discarding data then you will notice when the GC kicks in.

我也更喜欢枚举方法，但我将使用抽象基类强制子类实现getType()方法。

public abstract class Base
{
  protected enum TYPE
  {
    DERIVED_A, DERIVED_B
  }

  public abstract TYPE getType();

  class DerivedA extends Base
  {
    @Override
    public TYPE getType()
    {
      return TYPE.DERIVED_A;
    }
  }

  class DerivedB extends Base
  {
    @Override
    public TYPE getType()
    {
      return TYPE.DERIVED_B;
    }
  }
}

一般来说，在这种情况下(instanceof检查这个基类的子类)不支持使用“instanceof”操作符的原因是，您应该做的是将操作移动到一个方法中，并为适当的子类重写它。例如，如果你有:

if (o instanceof Class1)
   doThis();
else if (o instanceof Class2)
   doThat();
//...

你可以用

o.doEverything();

然后在Class1中调用“doEverything()”的实现，在Class2中调用“doThat()”，以此类推。

如果速度是您的唯一目标，那么使用int常量来标识子类似乎可以节省几毫秒的时间

static final int ID_A = 0;
static final int ID_B = 1;
abstract class Base {
  final int id;
  Base(int i) { id = i; }
}
class A extends Base {
 A() { super(ID_A); }
}
class B extends Base {
 B() { super(ID_B); }
}
...
Base obj = ...
switch(obj.id) {
case  ID_A: .... break;
case  ID_B: .... break;
}

糟糕的OO设计，但如果你的性能分析表明这是你的瓶颈，那么也许。在我的代码中，分派代码占用了总执行时间的10%，这可能有助于1%的总速度提高。