我在一个文件中有一个大的位图(比如3888x2592)。现在,我想将位图大小调整为800x533,并将其保存到另一个文件中。 我通常通过调用bitmap来缩放位图。createBitmap方法,但它需要一个源位图作为第一个参数,我不能提供,因为加载原始图像到位图对象当然会超过内存(例如,见这里)。

我也不能读取位图,例如,BitmapFactory.decodeFile(文件,选项),提供BitmapFactory.Options。inSampleSize,因为我想把它调整到精确的宽度和高度。使用inSampleSize将位图大小调整为972x648(如果我使用inSampleSize=4)或778x518(如果我使用inSampleSize=5,这甚至不是2的幂)。

我还希望避免在第一步中使用inSampleSize读取图像,例如,在第一步中使用972x648,然后在第二步中将其大小调整为800x533,因为与直接调整原始图像的大小相比,质量会较差。

总结一下我的问题: 是否有一种方法来读取一个10MP或更多的大图像文件,并将其保存到一个新的图像文件,调整到一个特定的新宽度和高度,而不得到OutOfMemory异常?

我还尝试了BitmapFactory.decodeFile(文件,选项)和设置选项。out theight and Options。outidth值手动为800和533,但它不是这样工作的。


当前回答

 Bitmap yourBitmap;
 Bitmap resized = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(yourBitmap, newWidth, newHeight, true);

or:

 resized = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(yourBitmap,(int)(yourBitmap.getWidth()*0.8), (int)(yourBitmap.getHeight()*0.8), true);

其他回答

贾斯汀的答案翻译成代码(对我来说很完美):

private Bitmap getBitmap(String path) {

Uri uri = getImageUri(path);
InputStream in = null;
try {
    final int IMAGE_MAX_SIZE = 1200000; // 1.2MP
    in = mContentResolver.openInputStream(uri);

    // Decode image size
    BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
    BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);
    in.close();



    int scale = 1;
    while ((options.outWidth * options.outHeight) * (1 / Math.pow(scale, 2)) > 
          IMAGE_MAX_SIZE) {
       scale++;
    }
    Log.d(TAG, "scale = " + scale + ", orig-width: " + options.outWidth + ", 
       orig-height: " + options.outHeight);

    Bitmap resultBitmap = null;
    in = mContentResolver.openInputStream(uri);
    if (scale > 1) {
        scale--;
        // scale to max possible inSampleSize that still yields an image
        // larger than target
        options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        options.inSampleSize = scale;
        resultBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);

        // resize to desired dimensions
        int height = resultBitmap.getHeight();
        int width = resultBitmap.getWidth();
        Log.d(TAG, "1th scale operation dimenions - width: " + width + ",
           height: " + height);

        double y = Math.sqrt(IMAGE_MAX_SIZE
                / (((double) width) / height));
        double x = (y / height) * width;

        Bitmap scaledBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(resultBitmap, (int) x, 
           (int) y, true);
        resultBitmap.recycle();
        resultBitmap = scaledBitmap;

        System.gc();
    } else {
        resultBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in);
    }
    in.close();

    Log.d(TAG, "bitmap size - width: " +resultBitmap.getWidth() + ", height: " + 
       resultBitmap.getHeight());
    return resultBitmap;
} catch (IOException e) {
    Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage(),e);
    return null;
}

使用以下代码调整位图的大小

    public static Bitmap decodeFile(File file, int reqWidth, int reqHeight){

    // First decode with inJustDecodeBounds=true to check dimensions
    final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;        
    BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath(), options);

    // Calculate inSampleSize
    options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, reqWidth, reqHeight);

    // Decode bitmap with inSampleSize set
    options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
    return BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath(), options);
   }

    private static int calculateInSampleSize(
    BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
    // Raw height and width of image
    final int height = options.outHeight;
    final int width = options.outWidth;
    int inSampleSize = 1;

    if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {

        // Calculate ratios of height and width to requested height and width
        final int heightRatio = Math.round((float) height / (float) reqHeight);
        final int widthRatio = Math.round((float) width / (float) reqWidth);

        // Choose the smallest ratio as inSampleSize value, this will guarantee
        // a final image with both dimensions larger than or equal to the
        // requested height and width.
        inSampleSize = heightRatio < widthRatio ? heightRatio : widthRatio;
     }

     return inSampleSize;
   }    

下面的提示/技巧也解释了这一点

http://www.codeproject.com/Tips/625810/Android-Image-Operations-Using-BitmapFactory

在阅读了这些答案和android文档后,以下是调整位图大小的代码,而无需将其加载到内存中:

public Bitmap getResizedBitmap(int targetW, int targetH,  String imagePath) {

    // Get the dimensions of the bitmap
    BitmapFactory.Options bmOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    //inJustDecodeBounds = true <-- will not load the bitmap into memory
    bmOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
    BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imagePath, bmOptions);
    int photoW = bmOptions.outWidth;
    int photoH = bmOptions.outHeight;

    // Determine how much to scale down the image
    int scaleFactor = Math.min(photoW/targetW, photoH/targetH);

    // Decode the image file into a Bitmap sized to fill the View
    bmOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
    bmOptions.inSampleSize = scaleFactor;
    bmOptions.inPurgeable = true;

    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imagePath, bmOptions);
    return(bitmap);
}

如果你想一步调整大小你可以加载整个位图如果 android:largeHeap = true,但正如你所看到的,这是不可取的。

From docs: android:largeHeap Whether your application's processes should be created with a large Dalvik heap. This applies to all processes created for the application. It only applies to the first application loaded into a process; if you're using a shared user ID to allow multiple applications to use a process, they all must use this option consistently or they will have unpredictable results. Most apps should not need this and should instead focus on reducing their overall memory usage for improved performance. Enabling this also does not guarantee a fixed increase in available memory, because some devices are constrained by their total available memory.

这可能对其他研究这个问题的人有用。我重写了Justin的代码,以允许该方法也接收所需的目标大小对象。这在使用Canvas时工作得非常好。所有的功劳都应该归于JUSTIN的出色的初始代码。

    private Bitmap getBitmap(int path, Canvas canvas) {

        Resources resource = null;
        try {
            final int IMAGE_MAX_SIZE = 1200000; // 1.2MP
            resource = getResources();

            // Decode image size
            BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
            options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
            BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resource, path, options);

            int scale = 1;
            while ((options.outWidth * options.outHeight) * (1 / Math.pow(scale, 2)) > 
                  IMAGE_MAX_SIZE) {
               scale++;
            }
            Log.d("TAG", "scale = " + scale + ", orig-width: " + options.outWidth + ", orig-height: " + options.outHeight);

            Bitmap pic = null;
            if (scale > 1) {
                scale--;
                // scale to max possible inSampleSize that still yields an image
                // larger than target
                options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
                options.inSampleSize = scale;
                pic = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resource, path, options);

                // resize to desired dimensions
                int height = canvas.getHeight();
                int width = canvas.getWidth();
                Log.d("TAG", "1th scale operation dimenions - width: " + width + ", height: " + height);

                double y = Math.sqrt(IMAGE_MAX_SIZE
                        / (((double) width) / height));
                double x = (y / height) * width;

                Bitmap scaledBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(pic, (int) x, (int) y, true);
                pic.recycle();
                pic = scaledBitmap;

                System.gc();
            } else {
                pic = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resource, path);
            }

            Log.d("TAG", "bitmap size - width: " +pic.getWidth() + ", height: " + pic.getHeight());
            return pic;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e("TAG", e.getMessage(),e);
            return null;
        }
    }

Justin的代码非常有效地减少了使用大型位图的开销。