只需要设置背景视图的背景色:

func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, willDisplayHeaderView view: UIView, forSection section: Int){         
  let tableHeader = view as! UITableViewHeaderFooterView        
  tableHeader.backgroundView?.backgroundColor = UIColor.white     
}

只需要改变头视图图层的颜色

- (UIView *) tableView:(UITableView *)tableView viewForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section 
{
  UIView *headerView = [[[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0,    tableView.bounds.size.width, 30)] autorelease];
 headerView.layer.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor
}

使用UIAppearance，你可以为你的应用程序中的所有头部更改它，如下所示:

UITableViewHeaderFooterView.appearance()。backgroundColor = theme.subViewBackgroundColor

iOS 8 +

func tableView(tableView: UITableView, willDisplayHeaderView view: UIView, forSection section: Int) {
        tableView.tableHeaderView?.backgroundColor = UIColor.blue()
}

Although func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, willDisplayHeaderView view: UIView, forSection section: Int) will work as well, you can acheive this without implementing another delegate method. in you func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, viewForHeaderInSection section: Int) -> UIView? method, you can use view.contentView.backgroundColor = UIColor.white instead of view.backgroundView?.backgroundColor = UIColor.white which is not working. (I know that backgroundView is optional, but even when it is there, this is not woking without implementing willDisplayHeaderView

基于@Dj的回答，使用Swift 3。这在iOS 10上运行得很好。

func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, willDisplayHeaderView view: UIView, forSection section: Int) {
    // Background color
    view.tintColor = UIColor.black

    // Text Color
    let headerView = view as! UITableViewHeaderFooterView
    headerView.textLabel?.textColor = UIColor.white
}