我认为基于N个条件来划分一个可迭代对象是很方便的

from collections import OrderedDict
def partition(iterable,*conditions):
    '''Returns a list with the elements that satisfy each of condition.
       Conditions are assumed to be exclusive'''
    d= OrderedDict((i,list())for i in range(len(conditions)))        
    for e in iterable:
        for i,condition in enumerate(conditions):
            if condition(e):
                d[i].append(e)
                break                    
    return d.values()

例如:

ints,floats,other = partition([2, 3.14, 1, 1.69, [], None],
                              lambda x: isinstance(x, int), 
                              lambda x: isinstance(x, float),
                              lambda x: True)

print " ints: {}\n floats:{}\n other:{}".format(ints,floats,other)

 ints: [2, 1]
 floats:[3.14, 1.69]
 other:[[], None]

如果元素可以满足多个条件，则删除断点。

所有提出的解决方案的问题是，它将扫描和应用过滤功能两次。我会做一个简单的小函数，像这样:

def split_into_two_lists(lst, f):
    a = []
    b = []
    for elem in lst:
        if f(elem):
            a.append(elem)
        else:
            b.append(elem)
    return a, b

这样你就不会重复处理任何东西，也不会重复代码。

good.append(x) if x in goodvals else bad.append(x)

来自@dansalmo的这个优雅简洁的回答被埋没在评论中，所以我只是把它作为一个答案转发到这里，这样它就能得到应有的重视，尤其是对新读者来说。

完整的例子:

good, bad = [], []
for x in my_list:
    good.append(x) if x in goodvals else bad.append(x)

我认为基于N个条件来划分一个可迭代对象是很方便的

from collections import OrderedDict
def partition(iterable,*conditions):
    '''Returns a list with the elements that satisfy each of condition.
       Conditions are assumed to be exclusive'''
    d= OrderedDict((i,list())for i in range(len(conditions)))        
    for e in iterable:
        for i,condition in enumerate(conditions):
            if condition(e):
                d[i].append(e)
                break                    
    return d.values()

例如:

ints,floats,other = partition([2, 3.14, 1, 1.69, [], None],
                              lambda x: isinstance(x, int), 
                              lambda x: isinstance(x, float),
                              lambda x: True)

print " ints: {}\n floats:{}\n other:{}".format(ints,floats,other)

 ints: [2, 1]
 floats:[3.14, 1.69]
 other:[[], None]

如果元素可以满足多个条件，则删除断点。

如果你坚持聪明，你可以采用温登的解决方案，再加上一点虚假的聪明:

def splay(l, f, d=None):
  d = d or {}
  for x in l: d.setdefault(f(x), []).append(x)
  return d

解决方案

from itertools import tee

def unpack_args(fn):
    return lambda t: fn(*t)

def separate(fn, lx):
    return map(
        unpack_args(
            lambda i, ly: filter(
                lambda el: bool(i) == fn(el),
                ly)),
        enumerate(tee(lx, 2)))

test

[even, odd] = separate(
    lambda x: bool(x % 2),
    [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print(list(even) == [2, 4])
print(list(odd) == [1, 3, 5])