我试着:
somearray = ["some", "thing"]
anotherarray = ["another", "thing"]
somearray.push(anotherarray.flatten!)
我预期的
["some", "thing", "another", "thing"]
但有
["some", "thing", nil]
我试着:
somearray = ["some", "thing"]
anotherarray = ["another", "thing"]
somearray.push(anotherarray.flatten!)
我预期的
["some", "thing", "another", "thing"]
但有
["some", "thing", nil]
当前回答
["some", "thing"] + ["another", "thing"]
其他回答
我发现更容易推入或追加数组,然后将它们压平,如下所示:
somearray = ["some", "thing"]
anotherarray = ["another", "thing"]
somearray.push anotherarray # => ["some", "thing", ["another", "thing"]]
#or
somearray << anotherarray # => ["some", "thing", ["another", "thing"]]
somearray.flatten! # => ["some", "thing", "another", "thing"]
somearray # => ["some", "thing", "another", "thing"]
Somearray = ["some", "thing"]
Anotherarray = ["another", "thing"]
Somearray + anotherarray
详细阐述@Pilcrow的答案,对于大型数组唯一合适的答案是concat(+),因为它速度快,并且在循环中操作时不会分配一个新对象来进行垃圾回收。
下面是基准:
require 'benchmark'
huge_ary_1 = Array.new(1_000_000) { rand(5_000_000..30_000_00) }
huge_ary_2 = Array.new(1_000_000) { rand(35_000_000..55_000_00) }
Benchmark.bm do |bm|
p '-------------------CONCAT ----------------'
bm.report { huge_ary_1.concat(huge_ary_2) }
p '------------------- PUSH ----------------'
bm.report { huge_ary_1.push(*huge_ary_2) }
end
结果:
user system total real
"-------------------CONCAT ----------------"
0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.009388)
"------------------- PUSH ----------------"
example/array_concat_vs_push.rb:13:in `block (2 levels) in <main>': stack level too deep (SystemStackError)
正如你所看到的,当数组足够大时,使用push会抛出ERROR:堆栈级别太深(SystemStackError)。
你有一个可行的想法,但#flatten!在错误的地方——它会使接收器变平,所以你可以用它把[1,2,['foo', 'bar']]变成[1,2,'foo','bar']。
毫无疑问,我忘记了一些方法,但你可以串联起来:
a1.concat a2
a1 + a2 # creates a new array, as does a1 += a2
或预先考虑/追加:
a1.push(*a2) # note the asterisk
a2.unshift(*a1) # note the asterisk, and that a2 is the receiver
或接头:
a1[a1.length, 0] = a2
a1[a1.length..0] = a2
a1.insert(a1.length, *a2)
或append和flatten:
(a1 << a2).flatten! # a call to #flatten instead would return a new array
本质上,问题是“如何在Ruby中连接数组”。自然,答案是使用concat或+,几乎在每个答案中都提到过。
对这个问题的自然扩展是“如何在Ruby中按行执行2D数组的连接”。当我在谷歌上搜索“红宝石串联矩阵”时,这个SO问题是最上面的结果,所以我想我应该把我的答案留给后人(没有问过但相关的)。
在一些应用程序中,你可能想要按行“连接”两个2D数组。类似的,
[[a, b], | [[x], [[a, b, x],
[c, d]] | [y]] => [c, d, y]]
这有点像“增广”矩阵。例如,我使用这种技术创建了一个邻接矩阵来表示一组较小的矩阵中的图。如果没有这种技术,我将不得不以一种容易出错或令人沮丧的方式迭代组件。例如,我可能不得不做一个each_with_index。相反,我将zip和flatten组合如下:
# given two multi-dimensional arrays that you want to concatenate row-wise
m1 = [[:a, :b], [:c, :d]]
m2 = [[:x], [:y]]
m1m2 = m1.zip(m2).map(&:flatten)
# => [[:a, :b, :x], [:c, :d, :y]]