有几件事是new做的，malloc没有:

New通过调用该对象的构造函数来构造该对象 New不需要对已分配的内存进行类型转换。 它不需要分配大量的内存，而是需要大量的内存 要构造的对象。

因此，如果使用malloc，则需要显式地执行上述操作，这并不总是实际的。此外，new可以重载，但malloc不能。

malloc()在C语言中用于动态分配内存 而在c++中，同样的工作由new()完成。 所以你不能混合两种语言的编码习惯。 如果你问calloc和malloc()之间的差异，那就好了

在c++中总是使用new。如果你需要一个无类型的内存块，你可以直接使用operator new:

void *p = operator new(size);
   ...
operator delete(p);

除非被迫使用C，否则永远不要使用malloc。总是使用new。

如果你需要大量的数据，可以这样做:

char *pBuffer = new char[1024];

尽管这是不正确的，但要小心:

//This is incorrect - may delete only one element, may corrupt the heap, or worse...
delete pBuffer;

相反，你应该在删除数据数组时这样做:

//This deletes all items in the array
delete[] pBuffer;

new关键字是c++实现它的方式，它将确保你的类型的构造函数被调用。new关键字也更加类型安全，而malloc根本不是类型安全的。

我认为使用malloc有益的唯一方式是需要改变数据缓冲区的大小。new关键字没有类似realloc的方式。realloc函数可能能够更有效地扩展内存块的大小。

值得一提的是，你不能将new/free和malloc/delete混合使用。

注:本题部分答案无效。

int* p_scalar = new int(5);  // Does not create 5 elements, but initializes to 5
int* p_array  = new int[5];  // Creates 5 elements

来自c++ FQA Lite:

[16.4] Why should I use new instead of trustworthy old malloc()? FAQ: new/delete call the constructor/destructor; new is type safe, malloc is not; new can be overridden by a class. FQA: The virtues of new mentioned by the FAQ are not virtues, because constructors, destructors, and operator overloading are garbage (see what happens when you have no garbage collection?), and the type safety issue is really tiny here (normally you have to cast the void* returned by malloc to the right pointer type to assign it to a typed pointer variable, which may be annoying, but far from "unsafe"). Oh, and using trustworthy old malloc makes it possible to use the equally trustworthy & old realloc. Too bad we don't have a shiny new operator renew or something. Still, new is not bad enough to justify a deviation from the common style used throughout a language, even when the language is C++. In particular, classes with non-trivial constructors will misbehave in fatal ways if you simply malloc the objects. So why not use new throughout the code? People rarely overload operator new, so it probably won't get in your way too much. And if they do overload new, you can always ask them to stop.

对不起，我就是忍不住。：）

New将初始化结构的默认值，并正确地将结构中的引用链接到结构本身。

E.g.

struct test_s {
    int some_strange_name = 1;
    int &easy = some_strange_name;
}

因此，new struct test_s将返回一个带有工作引用的初始化结构，而malloc'ed版本没有默认值，实习引用也没有初始化。