如何将任意长度的列表拆分为大小相等的块?
请参阅如果数据结果将直接用于循环,并且不需要存储,则如何以块形式遍历列表。
对于字符串输入的同一问题,请参见每n个字符拆分字符串?。相同的技术通常适用,但也有一些变化。
如何将任意长度的列表拆分为大小相等的块?
请参阅如果数据结果将直接用于循环,并且不需要存储,则如何以块形式遍历列表。
对于字符串输入的同一问题,请参见每n个字符拆分字符串?。相同的技术通常适用,但也有一些变化。
当前回答
下面是一个处理任意可迭代项的生成器:
def split_seq(iterable, size):
it = iter(iterable)
item = list(itertools.islice(it, size))
while item:
yield item
item = list(itertools.islice(it, size))
例子:
>>> import pprint
>>> pprint.pprint(list(split_seq(xrange(75), 10)))
[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
[20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29],
[30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39],
[40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49],
[50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59],
[60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69],
[70, 71, 72, 73, 74]]
其他回答
这适用于v2/v3,可内联,基于生成器,仅使用标准库:
import itertools
def split_groups(iter_in, group_size):
return ((x for _, x in item) for _, item in itertools.groupby(enumerate(iter_in), key=lambda x: x[0] // group_size))
根据这个答案,得票最多的答案在最后留下一个“矮子”。这是我的解决方案,可以在没有矮子的情况下,尽可能地获得大小均匀的块。它基本上试图准确选择应该拆分列表的小数点,但只需将其舍入到最接近的整数:
from __future__ import division # not needed in Python 3
def n_even_chunks(l, n):
"""Yield n as even chunks as possible from l."""
last = 0
for i in range(1, n+1):
cur = int(round(i * (len(l) / n)))
yield l[last:cur]
last = cur
演示:
>>> pprint.pprint(list(n_even_chunks(list(range(100)), 9)))
[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
[11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21],
[22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32],
[33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43],
[44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55],
[56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66],
[67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77],
[78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88],
[89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]]
>>> pprint.pprint(list(n_even_chunks(list(range(100)), 11)))
[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8],
[9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17],
[18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26],
[27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35],
[36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44],
[45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54],
[55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63],
[64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72],
[73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81],
[82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90],
[91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]]
与排名前几的答案进行比较:
>>> pprint.pprint(list(chunks(list(range(100)), 100//9)))
[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
[11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21],
[22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32],
[33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43],
[44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54],
[55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65],
[66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76],
[77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87],
[88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98],
[99]]
>>> pprint.pprint(list(chunks(list(range(100)), 100//11)))
[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8],
[9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17],
[18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26],
[27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35],
[36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44],
[45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53],
[54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62],
[63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71],
[72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80],
[81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89],
[90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98],
[99]]
def main():
print(chunkify([1,2,3,4,5,6],2))
def chunkify(list, n):
chunks = []
for i in range(0, len(list), n):
chunks.append(list[i:i+n])
return chunks
main()
我认为这很简单,可以为您提供数组的一部分。
python-pydash包可能是一个不错的选择。
from pydash.arrays import chunk
ids = ['22', '89', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '10', '11', '1']
chunk_ids = chunk(ids,5)
print(chunk_ids)
# output: [['22', '89', '2', '3', '4'], ['5', '6', '7', '8', '9'], ['10', '11', '1']]
有关更多签出pydash块列表的信息
延迟加载版本
导入pprintpprint.pprint(列表(块(范围(10,75),10))[范围(10、20),范围(20、30),范围(30、40),范围(40、50),范围(50、60),范围(60、70),范围(70,75)]将此实现的结果与接受答案的示例使用结果进行比较。
上面的许多函数都假定整个可迭代函数的长度是预先知道的,或者至少计算起来很便宜。
对于一些流式对象,这意味着首先将完整数据加载到内存中(例如下载整个文件)以获取长度信息。
但是,如果您还不知道完整大小,可以使用以下代码:
def chunks(iterable, size):
"""
Yield successive chunks from iterable, being `size` long.
https://stackoverflow.com/a/55776536/3423324
:param iterable: The object you want to split into pieces.
:param size: The size each of the resulting pieces should have.
"""
i = 0
while True:
sliced = iterable[i:i + size]
if len(sliced) == 0:
# to suppress stuff like `range(max, max)`.
break
# end if
yield sliced
if len(sliced) < size:
# our slice is not the full length, so we must have passed the end of the iterator
break
# end if
i += size # so we start the next chunk at the right place.
# end while
# end def
这之所以有效,是因为如果您传递了一个iterable的结尾,slice命令将返回less/no元素:
"abc"[0:2] == 'ab'
"abc"[2:4] == 'c'
"abc"[4:6] == ''
我们现在使用切片的结果,并计算生成的块的长度。如果它低于我们的预期,我们知道我们可以结束迭代。
这样,除非访问,否则不会执行迭代器。