我还使用了数据库中通过数据库扩展属性家族存储的一个版本的过程。我的应用程序有脚本的每个版本的步骤(即。从1.1移动到1.2)。部署时，它会查看当前版本，然后逐个运行脚本，直到到达最后一个应用程序版本。没有脚本有直接的“最终”版本，即使部署在干净的DB上也会通过一系列升级步骤进行部署。

Now what I like to add is that I've seen two days ago a presentation on the MS campus about the new and upcoming VS DB edition. The presentation was focused specifically on this topic and I was blown out of the water. You should definitely check it out, the new facilities are focused on keeping schema definition in T-SQL scripts (CREATEs), a runtime delta engine to compare deployment schema with defined schema and doing the delta ALTERs and integration with source code integration, up to and including MSBUILD continuous integration for automated build drops. The drop will contain a new file type, the .dbschema files, that can be taken to the deployment site and a command line tool can do the actual 'deltas' and run the deployment. I have a blog entry on this topic with links to the VSDE downloads, you should check them out: http://rusanu.com/2009/05/15/version-control-and-your-database/

为了更快地将数据转储到源代码控制系统，您可以使用sysobjects中的版本信息来查看自上次以来哪些对象发生了更改。

设置:在每个数据库中增量地创建一个表，以保存上次检查时的版本信息(第一次运行时为空)。如果要重新扫描整个数据结构，请清除此表。

IF ISNULL(OBJECT_ID('last_run_sysversions'), 0) <> 0 DROP TABLE last_run_sysversions
CREATE TABLE last_run_sysversions (
    name varchar(128), 
    id int, base_schema_ver int,
    schema_ver int,
    type char(2)
)

正常运行模式:您可以从此sql中获取结果，并为您感兴趣的sql脚本生成sql脚本，并将它们放入您选择的源代码控制中。

IF ISNULL(OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#tmp'), 0) <> 0 DROP TABLE #tmp
CREATE TABLE #tmp (
    name varchar(128), 
    id int, base_schema_ver int,
    schema_ver int,
    type char(2)
)

SET NOCOUNT ON

-- Insert the values from the end of the last run into #tmp
INSERT #tmp (name, id, base_schema_ver, schema_ver, type) 
SELECT name, id, base_schema_ver, schema_ver, type FROM last_run_sysversions

DELETE last_run_sysversions
INSERT last_run_sysversions (name, id, base_schema_ver, schema_ver, type)
SELECT name, id, base_schema_ver, schema_ver, type FROM sysobjects

-- This next bit lists all differences to scripts.
SET NOCOUNT OFF

--Renamed.
SELECT 'renamed' AS ChangeType, t.name, o.name AS extra_info, 1 AS Priority
FROM sysobjects o INNER JOIN #tmp t ON o.id = t.id
WHERE o.name <> t.name /*COLLATE*/
AND o.type IN ('TR', 'P' ,'U' ,'V')
UNION 

--Changed (using alter)
SELECT 'changed' AS ChangeType, o.name /*COLLATE*/, 
       'altered' AS extra_info, 2 AS Priority
FROM sysobjects o INNER JOIN #tmp t ON o.id = t.id 
WHERE (
   o.base_schema_ver <> t.base_schema_ver
OR o.schema_ver      <> t.schema_ver
)
AND  o.type IN ('TR', 'P' ,'U' ,'V')
AND  o.name NOT IN ( SELECT oi.name 
         FROM sysobjects oi INNER JOIN #tmp ti ON oi.id = ti.id
         WHERE oi.name <> ti.name /*COLLATE*/
         AND oi.type IN ('TR', 'P' ,'U' ,'V')) 
UNION

--Changed (actually dropped and recreated [but not renamed])
SELECT 'changed' AS ChangeType, t.name, 'dropped' AS extra_info, 2 AS Priority
FROM #tmp t
WHERE    t.name IN ( SELECT ti.name /*COLLATE*/ FROM #tmp ti
         WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sysobjects oi
                           WHERE oi.id = ti.id))
AND  t.name IN ( SELECT oi.name /*COLLATE*/ FROM sysobjects oi
         WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM #tmp ti
                           WHERE oi.id = ti.id)
         AND   oi.type  IN ('TR', 'P' ,'U' ,'V'))
UNION

--Deleted
SELECT 'deleted' AS ChangeType, t.name, '' AS extra_info, 0 AS Priority
FROM #tmp t
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sysobjects o
                  WHERE o.id = t.id)
AND t.name NOT IN (  SELECT oi.name /*COLLATE*/ FROM sysobjects oi
         WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM #tmp ti
                           WHERE oi.id = ti.id)
         AND   oi.type  IN ('TR', 'P' ,'U' ,'V'))
UNION

--Added
SELECT 'added' AS ChangeType, o.name /*COLLATE*/, '' AS extra_info, 4 AS Priority
FROM sysobjects o
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM #tmp t
                  WHERE o.id = t.id)
AND      o.type  IN ('TR', 'P' ,'U' ,'V')
AND  o.name NOT IN ( SELECT ti.name /*COLLATE*/ FROM #tmp ti
         WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sysobjects oi
                           WHERE oi.id = ti.id))
ORDER BY Priority ASC

注意:如果在任何数据库中使用非标准排序规则，则需要将/* COLLATE */替换为数据库排序规则。即COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AI

这是围绕发展的“难题”之一。据我所知，没有完美的解决方案。

如果只需要存储数据库结构而不需要存储数据，则可以将数据库导出为SQL查询。(在企业管理器中:右键单击数据库->生成SQL脚本。我建议在选项卡上设置“每个对象创建一个文件”)，然后您可以将这些文本文件提交到svn，并使用svn的diff和日志功能。

我将此与一个Batch脚本绑定在一起，该脚本采用一对参数并设置数据库。我还添加了一些额外的查询，输入默认数据，如用户类型和管理用户。(如果你想要更多关于这方面的信息，张贴一些东西，我可以把脚本放在可以访问的地方)

如果你需要保留所有的数据，我建议保留一个数据库备份，并使用Redgate (http://www.red-gate.com/)产品进行比较。它们并不便宜，但它们值每一分钱。

你可能想看看Liquibase (http://www.liquibase.org/)。即使您不使用该工具本身，它也能很好地处理数据库变更管理或重构的概念。

我建议使用比较工具为您的数据库临时设计一个版本控制系统。两个好的替代方案是xSQL模式比较和xSQL数据比较。

现在，如果您的目标是只对数据库的模式进行版本控制，那么您可以简单地使用xSQL schema Compare来生成模式的xSQL快照，并在版本控制中添加这些文件。然后，要恢复或更新到特定版本，只需将数据库的当前版本与目标版本的快照进行比较。

Also, if you want to have the data under version control as well, you can use xSQL Data Compare to generate change scripts for you database and add the .sql files in your version control. You could then execute these scripts to revert / update to any version you want. Keep in mind that for the 'revert' functionality you need to generate change scripts that, when executed, will make Version 3 the same as Version 2 and for the 'update' functionality, you need to generate change scripts that do the opposite.

最后，通过一些基本的批处理编程技能，您可以使用命令行版本的xSQL Schema Compare和xSQL Data Compare来自动化整个过程

免责声明:我隶属于xSQL。

典型的解决方案是根据需要转储数据库并备份这些文件。

根据您的开发平台，可能会有可用的开源插件。编写自己的代码来完成这个任务通常是相当简单的。

注意:您可能希望备份数据库转储，而不是将其放入版本控制中。在版本控制中，文件可能会迅速变大，并导致整个源代码控制系统变慢(我正在回忆CVS的恐怖故事)。