我建议创建一个简单的查找表，您可以在静态构造函数中初始化它，以将任何字符组合设置为有效。这让您可以进行快速、单一的检查。

edit

另外，为了提高速度，您需要将StringBuilder的容量初始化为输入字符串的长度。这将避免重新分配。这两种方法结合起来会给你速度和灵活性。

另一个编辑

我认为编译器可能会优化它，但作为风格和效率的问题，我建议foreach而不是for。

我将使用字符串替换为正则表达式搜索“特殊字符”，替换所有字符找到一个空字符串。

I had to do something similar for work, but in my case I had to filter all that is not a letter, number or whitespace (but you could easily modify it to your needs). The filtering is done client-side in JavaScript, but for security reasons I am also doing the filtering server-side. Since I can expect most of the strings to be clean, I would like to avoid copying the string unless I really need to. This let my to the implementation below, which should perform better for both clean and dirty strings.

public static string EnsureOnlyLetterDigitOrWhiteSpace(string input)
{
    StringBuilder cleanedInput = null;
    for (var i = 0; i < input.Length; ++i)
    {
        var currentChar = input[i];
        var charIsValid = char.IsLetterOrDigit(currentChar) || char.IsWhiteSpace(currentChar);

        if (charIsValid)
        {
            if(cleanedInput != null)
                cleanedInput.Append(currentChar);
        }
        else
        {
            if (cleanedInput != null) continue;
            cleanedInput = new StringBuilder();
            if (i > 0)
                cleanedInput.Append(input.Substring(0, i));
        }
    }

    return cleanedInput == null ? input : cleanedInput.ToString();
}

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < fName.Length; i++)
{
   if (char.IsLetterOrDigit(fName[i]))
    {
       sb.Append(fName[i]);
    }
}

HashSet是O(1) 不确定它是否比现有的比较快

private static HashSet<char> ValidChars = new HashSet<char>() { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'A', 'B', 'C', '1', '2', '3', '_' };
public static string RemoveSpecialCharacters(string str)
{
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(str.Length / 2);
    foreach (char c in str)
    {
        if (ValidChars.Contains(c)) sb.Append(c);
    }
    return sb.ToString();
}

我测试了，这并不比公认的答案快。 如果你需要一组可配置的字符，我会把它留在这里，这将是一个很好的解决方案。

public static string RemoveSpecialCharacters(string str){
    return str.replaceAll("[^A-Za-z0-9_\\\\.]", "");
}