我想从字符串中删除所有特殊字符。允许输入A-Z(大写或小写)、数字(0-9)、下划线(_)或点符号(.)。
我有以下,它是有效的,但我怀疑(我知道!)它不是很有效:
public static string RemoveSpecialCharacters(string str)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < str.Length; i++)
{
if ((str[i] >= '0' && str[i] <= '9')
|| (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'z'
|| (str[i] == '.' || str[i] == '_')))
{
sb.Append(str[i]);
}
}
return sb.ToString();
}
最有效的方法是什么?正则表达式是什么样子的,它与普通字符串操作相比如何?
要清洗的字符串相当短,长度通常在10到30个字符之间。
HashSet是O(1)
不确定它是否比现有的比较快
private static HashSet<char> ValidChars = new HashSet<char>() { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'A', 'B', 'C', '1', '2', '3', '_' };
public static string RemoveSpecialCharacters(string str)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(str.Length / 2);
foreach (char c in str)
{
if (ValidChars.Contains(c)) sb.Append(c);
}
return sb.ToString();
}
我测试了,这并不比公认的答案快。
如果你需要一组可配置的字符,我会把它留在这里,这将是一个很好的解决方案。
我觉得你的算法很有效。它是O(n),并且只查看每个字符一次。除非你在检查它们之前神奇地知道它们的值,否则你不会比这更好。
但是,我将把StringBuilder的容量初始化为字符串的初始大小。我猜您认为的性能问题来自内存重新分配。
旁注:检查A-z并不安全。你要包括[,\,],^,_和'…
旁注2:为了获得额外的效率,将比较按顺序排列,以减少比较的数量。(在最坏的情况下,你说的是8个比较,所以不要想太多。)这随你的预期输入而变化,但一个例子可以是:
if (str[i] >= '0' && str[i] <= 'z' &&
(str[i] >= 'a' || str[i] <= '9' || (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z') ||
str[i] == '_') || str[i] == '.')
旁注3:如果出于某种原因,你真的需要它更快,那么switch语句可能更快。编译器应该为你创建一个跳转表,结果只有一个比较:
switch (str[i])
{
case '0':
case '1':
.
.
.
case '.':
sb.Append(str[i]);
break;
}
I had to do something similar for work, but in my case I had to filter all that is not a letter, number or whitespace (but you could easily modify it to your needs).
The filtering is done client-side in JavaScript, but for security reasons I am also doing the filtering server-side. Since I can expect most of the strings to be clean, I would like to avoid copying the string unless I really need to. This let my to the implementation below, which should perform better for both clean and dirty strings.
public static string EnsureOnlyLetterDigitOrWhiteSpace(string input)
{
StringBuilder cleanedInput = null;
for (var i = 0; i < input.Length; ++i)
{
var currentChar = input[i];
var charIsValid = char.IsLetterOrDigit(currentChar) || char.IsWhiteSpace(currentChar);
if (charIsValid)
{
if(cleanedInput != null)
cleanedInput.Append(currentChar);
}
else
{
if (cleanedInput != null) continue;
cleanedInput = new StringBuilder();
if (i > 0)
cleanedInput.Append(input.Substring(0, i));
}
}
return cleanedInput == null ? input : cleanedInput.ToString();
}