Go语言的创造者写道:
Go doesn't provide assertions. They are undeniably convenient, but our experience has been that programmers use them as a crutch to avoid thinking about proper error handling and reporting. Proper error handling means that servers continue operation after non-fatal errors instead of crashing. Proper error reporting means that errors are direct and to the point, saving the programmer from interpreting a large crash trace. Precise errors are particularly important when the programmer seeing the errors is not familiar with the code.
你对此有什么看法?
这种情况经常出现，我认为让断言辩护令人困惑的一个问题是，它们通常基于参数检查。所以考虑一下这个不同的例子，当你使用断言时:
build-sorted-list-from-user-input(input)
throw-exception-if-bad-input(input)
...
//build list using algorithm that you expect to give a sorted list
...
assert(is-sorted(list))
end
您对输入使用异常是因为您预计有时会得到错误的输入。您断言对列表进行排序是为了帮助您找到算法中的bug，根据定义，这是您所不期望的。断言只存在于调试版本中，因此即使检查的开销很大，您也不介意对例程的每次调用都进行检查。
您仍然需要对产品代码进行单元测试，但这是确保代码正确的一种不同的补充方式。单元测试确保您的例程符合其接口，而断言是一种更细粒度的方法，以确保您的实现完全按照您的期望进行。
我最近开始在我的代码中添加一些断言，这是我一直在做的:
我在心里把代码分为边界代码和内部代码。边界代码是处理用户输入、读取文件和从网络获取数据的代码。在这段代码中，我在一个循环中请求输入，该循环仅在输入有效时退出(在交互式用户输入的情况下)，或者在不可恢复的文件/网络损坏数据的情况下抛出异常。
内部代码就是一切。例如，在我的类中设置变量的函数可以定义为
void Class::f (int value) {
assert (value < end);
member = value;
}
从网络获取输入的函数可以这样读:
void Class::g (InMessage & msg) {
int const value = msg.read_int();
if (value >= end)
throw InvalidServerData();
f (value);
}
This gives me two layers of checks. Anything where the data is determined at run-time always gets an exception or immediate error handling. However, that extra check in Class::f with the assert statement means that if some internal code ever calls Class::f, I still have a sanity check. My internal code might not pass a valid argument (because I may have calculated value from some complex series of functions), so I like having the assertion in the setting function to document that regardless of who is calling the function, value must not be greater than or equal to end.
这似乎符合我在一些地方读到的内容，即在一个功能良好的程序中，断言应该是不可能违反的，而例外应该是针对仍然可能发生的异常和错误情况。因为理论上我要验证所有输入，所以我的断言不应该被触发。如果是，我的程序就错了。
我非常不喜欢断言。但我不会说他们是邪恶的。
基本上，assert将做与未检查异常相同的事情，唯一的例外是assert(通常)不应该为最终产品保留。
If you build a safety net for yourself while debugging and building the system why would you deny this safety net for your customer, or your support help desk, or anyone that will get to use the software that you are currently building. Use exceptions exclusively for both asserts and exceptional situations. By creating an appropriate exception hierarchy you will be able to discern very quickly one from the other. Except this time the assert remains in place and can provide valuable information in case of failure that would otherwise be lost.
因此，我完全理解Go的创建者完全删除断言并强迫程序员使用异常来处理这种情况。对此有一个简单的解释，异常只是一种更好的工作机制为什么要坚持使用古老的断言?
