由于这个问题有很多注意力和答案,参考内置的功能,如 Object.assign 或自定义代码到深克隆,我想分享一些图书馆到深克隆,

1、斯克隆

npm 安装 --savedev esclone https://www.npmjs.com/package/esclone

在 ES6 中使用例子:

import esclone from "esclone";

const rockysGrandFather = {
  name: "Rockys grand father",
  father: "Don't know :("
};
const rockysFather = {
  name: "Rockys Father",
  father: rockysGrandFather
};

const rocky = {
  name: "Rocky",
  father: rockysFather
};

const rockyClone = esclone(rocky);

在 ES5 中使用例子:

var esclone = require("esclone")
var foo = new String("abcd")
var fooClone = esclone.default(foo)
console.log(fooClone)
console.log(foo === fooClone)

二、深度复制

npm 安装深复制 https://www.npmjs.com/package/deep-copy

例子:

var dcopy = require('deep-copy')

// deep copy object 
var copy = dcopy({a: {b: [{c: 5}]}})

// deep copy array 
var copy = dcopy([1, 2, {a: {b: 5}}])

3、克隆深度

$ npm 安装 --save clone-deep https://www.npmjs.com/package/clone-deep

例子:

var cloneDeep = require('clone-deep');

var obj = {a: 'b'};
var arr = [obj];

var copy = cloneDeep(arr);
obj.c = 'd';

console.log(copy);
//=> [{a: 'b'}] 

console.log(arr);

因为回归只是太昂贵的JavaScript,我发现的大多数答案是使用回归,而JSON方法将错过非JSON转换部分(功能等)。所以我做了一些研究,并发现这个拖拉机技术避免它。

/*
 * Trampoline to avoid recursion in JavaScript, see:
 *     https://www.integralist.co.uk/posts/functional-recursive-javascript-programming/
 */
function trampoline() {
    var func = arguments[0];
    var args = [];
    for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
        args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
    }

    var currentBatch = func.apply(this, args);
    var nextBatch = [];

    while (currentBatch && currentBatch.length > 0) {
        currentBatch.forEach(function(eachFunc) {
            var ret = eachFunc();
            if (ret && ret.length > 0) {
                nextBatch = nextBatch.concat(ret);
            }
        });

        currentBatch = nextBatch;
        nextBatch = [];
    }
};

/*
 *  Deep clone an object using the trampoline technique.
 *
 *  @param target {Object} Object to clone
 *  @return {Object} Cloned object.
 */
function clone(target) {
    if (typeof target !== 'object') {
        return target;
    }
    if (target == null || Object.keys(target).length == 0) {
        return target;
    }

    function _clone(b, a) {
        var nextBatch = [];
        for (var key in b) {
            if (typeof b[key] === 'object' && b[key] !== null) {
                if (b[key] instanceof Array) {
                    a[key] = [];
                }
                else {
                    a[key] = {};
                }
                nextBatch.push(_clone.bind(null, b[key], a[key]));
            }
            else {
                a[key] = b[key];
            }
        }
        return nextBatch;
    };

    var ret = target instanceof Array ? [] : {};
    (trampoline.bind(null, _clone))(target, ret);
    return ret;
};

我认为这是最好的解决方案,如果你想通用你的对象克隆算法,它可以用与或没有jQuery,虽然我建议你放弃jQuery的扩展方法,如果你想你克隆的对象有相同的“类”与原始一个。

function clone(obj){
    if(typeof(obj) == 'function')//it's a simple function
        return obj;
    //of it's not an object (but could be an array...even if in javascript arrays are objects)
    if(typeof(obj) !=  'object' || obj.constructor.toString().indexOf('Array')!=-1)
        if(JSON != undefined)//if we have the JSON obj
            try{
                return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
            }catch(err){
                return JSON.parse('"'+JSON.stringify(obj)+'"');
            }
        else
            try{
                return eval(uneval(obj));
            }catch(err){
                return eval('"'+uneval(obj)+'"');
            }
    // I used to rely on jQuery for this, but the "extend" function returns
    //an object similar to the one cloned,
    //but that was not an instance (instanceof) of the cloned class
    /*
    if(jQuery != undefined)//if we use the jQuery plugin
        return jQuery.extend(true,{},obj);
    else//we recursivley clone the object
    */
    return (function _clone(obj){
        if(obj == null || typeof(obj) != 'object')
            return obj;
        function temp () {};
        temp.prototype = obj;
        var F = new temp;
        for(var key in obj)
            F[key] = clone(obj[key]);
        return F;
    })(obj);            
}

Lodash 有一个可爱的 _.cloneDeep(值) 方法:

var objects = [{ 'a': 1 }, { 'b': 2 }];

var deep = _.cloneDeep(objects);
console.log(deep[0] === objects[0]);
// => false

如下图所示,John Resig的jQuery克隆器将非数字属性的<unk>转化为非数字属性的对象,而RegDwight的JSON克隆器将非数字属性放下。

function jQueryClone(obj) {
   return jQuery.extend(true, {}, obj)
}

function JSONClone(obj) {
   return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj))
}

var arrayLikeObj = [[1, "a", "b"], [2, "b", "a"]];
arrayLikeObj.names = ["m", "n", "o"];
var JSONCopy = JSONClone(arrayLikeObj);
var jQueryCopy = jQueryClone(arrayLikeObj);

alert("Is arrayLikeObj an array instance?" + (arrayLikeObj instanceof Array) +
      "\nIs the jQueryClone an array instance? " + (jQueryCopy instanceof Array) +
      "\nWhat are the arrayLikeObj names? " + arrayLikeObj.names +
      "\nAnd what are the JSONClone names? " + JSONCopy.names)

结构化克隆

HTML 标准包含一个内部结构化的克隆/序列化算法,可以创建对象的深度克隆,它仍然仅限于某些内置类型,但除了由 JSON 支持的少数类型之外,它还支持日期、RegExps、地图、套件、Blobs、FileLists、ImageDatas、Sparse Arrays、Typed Arrays等。

结构化Clone 全球功能由 Node 17.0 提供:

const clone = structuredClone(original);

以前版本: Node.js 的 v8 模块(如 Node 11 )直接展示了结构化序列化 API,但此功能仍然被标记为“实验性”,并在未来的版本中可更改或删除。

const v8 = require('v8');

const structuredClone = obj => {
  return v8.deserialize(v8.serialize(obj));
};

直接支持浏览器:可用于Firefox 94

const clone = structuredClone(original);

class StructuredCloner {
  constructor() {
    this.pendingClones_ = new Map();
    this.nextKey_ = 0;
    
    const channel = new MessageChannel();
    this.inPort_ = channel.port1;
    this.outPort_ = channel.port2;
    
    this.outPort_.onmessage = ({data: {key, value}}) => {
      const resolve = this.pendingClones_.get(key);
      resolve(value);
      this.pendingClones_.delete(key);
    };
    this.outPort_.start();
  }

  cloneAsync(value) {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
      const key = this.nextKey_++;
      this.pendingClones_.set(key, resolve);
      this.inPort_.postMessage({key, value});
    });
  }
}

const structuredCloneAsync = window.structuredCloneAsync =
    StructuredCloner.prototype.cloneAsync.bind(new StructuredCloner);

const main = async () => {
  const original = { date: new Date(), number: Math.random() };
  original.self = original;

  const clone = await structuredCloneAsync(original);

  // They're different objects:
  console.assert(original !== clone);
  console.assert(original.date !== clone.date);

  // They're cyclical:
  console.assert(original.self === original);
  console.assert(clone.self === clone);

  // They contain equivalent values:
  console.assert(original.number === clone.number);
  console.assert(Number(original.date) === Number(clone.date));
  
  console.log("Assertions complete.");
};

main();

const structuredClone = obj => {
  const oldState = history.state;
  history.replaceState(obj, null);
  const clonedObj = history.state;
  history.replaceState(oldState, null);
  return clonedObj;
};

雖然同步,但這可能非常慢。 它發生了所有與操縱瀏覽器歷史相關的頭部. 重複召喚這種方法可能會導致Chrome暫時變成無責任。

const structuredClone = obj => {
  const n = new Notification('', {data: obj, silent: true});
  n.onshow = n.close.bind(n);
  return n.data;
};