结构化克隆

HTML 标准包含一个内部结构化的克隆/序列化算法,可以创建对象的深度克隆,它仍然仅限于某些内置类型,但除了由 JSON 支持的少数类型之外,它还支持日期、RegExps、地图、套件、Blobs、FileLists、ImageDatas、Sparse Arrays、Typed Arrays等。

结构化Clone 全球功能由 Node 17.0 提供:

const clone = structuredClone(original);

以前版本: Node.js 的 v8 模块(如 Node 11 )直接展示了结构化序列化 API,但此功能仍然被标记为“实验性”,并在未来的版本中可更改或删除。

const v8 = require('v8');

const structuredClone = obj => {
  return v8.deserialize(v8.serialize(obj));
};

直接支持浏览器:可用于Firefox 94

const clone = structuredClone(original);

class StructuredCloner {
  constructor() {
    this.pendingClones_ = new Map();
    this.nextKey_ = 0;
    
    const channel = new MessageChannel();
    this.inPort_ = channel.port1;
    this.outPort_ = channel.port2;
    
    this.outPort_.onmessage = ({data: {key, value}}) => {
      const resolve = this.pendingClones_.get(key);
      resolve(value);
      this.pendingClones_.delete(key);
    };
    this.outPort_.start();
  }

  cloneAsync(value) {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
      const key = this.nextKey_++;
      this.pendingClones_.set(key, resolve);
      this.inPort_.postMessage({key, value});
    });
  }
}

const structuredCloneAsync = window.structuredCloneAsync =
    StructuredCloner.prototype.cloneAsync.bind(new StructuredCloner);

const main = async () => {
  const original = { date: new Date(), number: Math.random() };
  original.self = original;

  const clone = await structuredCloneAsync(original);

  // They're different objects:
  console.assert(original !== clone);
  console.assert(original.date !== clone.date);

  // They're cyclical:
  console.assert(original.self === original);
  console.assert(clone.self === clone);

  // They contain equivalent values:
  console.assert(original.number === clone.number);
  console.assert(Number(original.date) === Number(clone.date));
  
  console.log("Assertions complete.");
};

main();

const structuredClone = obj => {
  const oldState = history.state;
  history.replaceState(obj, null);
  const clonedObj = history.state;
  history.replaceState(oldState, null);
  return clonedObj;
};

雖然同步,但這可能非常慢。 它發生了所有與操縱瀏覽器歷史相關的頭部. 重複召喚這種方法可能會導致Chrome暫時變成無責任。

const structuredClone = obj => {
  const n = new Notification('', {data: obj, silent: true});
  n.onshow = n.close.bind(n);
  return n.data;
};

结构化克隆

HTML 标准包含一个内部结构化的克隆/序列化算法,可以创建对象的深度克隆,它仍然仅限于某些内置类型,但除了由 JSON 支持的少数类型之外,它还支持日期、RegExps、地图、套件、Blobs、FileLists、ImageDatas、Sparse Arrays、Typed Arrays等。

结构化Clone 全球功能由 Node 17.0 提供:

const clone = structuredClone(original);

以前版本: Node.js 的 v8 模块(如 Node 11 )直接展示了结构化序列化 API,但此功能仍然被标记为“实验性”,并在未来的版本中可更改或删除。

const v8 = require('v8');

const structuredClone = obj => {
  return v8.deserialize(v8.serialize(obj));
};

直接支持浏览器:可用于Firefox 94

const clone = structuredClone(original);

class StructuredCloner {
  constructor() {
    this.pendingClones_ = new Map();
    this.nextKey_ = 0;
    
    const channel = new MessageChannel();
    this.inPort_ = channel.port1;
    this.outPort_ = channel.port2;
    
    this.outPort_.onmessage = ({data: {key, value}}) => {
      const resolve = this.pendingClones_.get(key);
      resolve(value);
      this.pendingClones_.delete(key);
    };
    this.outPort_.start();
  }

  cloneAsync(value) {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
      const key = this.nextKey_++;
      this.pendingClones_.set(key, resolve);
      this.inPort_.postMessage({key, value});
    });
  }
}

const structuredCloneAsync = window.structuredCloneAsync =
    StructuredCloner.prototype.cloneAsync.bind(new StructuredCloner);

const main = async () => {
  const original = { date: new Date(), number: Math.random() };
  original.self = original;

  const clone = await structuredCloneAsync(original);

  // They're different objects:
  console.assert(original !== clone);
  console.assert(original.date !== clone.date);

  // They're cyclical:
  console.assert(original.self === original);
  console.assert(clone.self === clone);

  // They contain equivalent values:
  console.assert(original.number === clone.number);
  console.assert(Number(original.date) === Number(clone.date));
  
  console.log("Assertions complete.");
};

main();

const structuredClone = obj => {
  const oldState = history.state;
  history.replaceState(obj, null);
  const clonedObj = history.state;
  history.replaceState(oldState, null);
  return clonedObj;
};

雖然同步,但這可能非常慢。 它發生了所有與操縱瀏覽器歷史相關的頭部. 重複召喚這種方法可能會導致Chrome暫時變成無責任。

const structuredClone = obj => {
  const n = new Notification('', {data: obj, silent: true});
  n.onshow = n.close.bind(n);
  return n.data;
};

class Handler { static deepCopy (obj) { if (Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === '[object Array]') { const result = []; for (let i = 0, len = obj.length; i < len; i++) { result[i] = Handler.deepCopy(obj[i]); } return result; } else if (Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === '[object Object]') { const result = {}; for (let prop in obj) { result[prop] = Handler.deepCopy(obj[prop]); } return result; } return obj; } }

這是我對象克隆器的版本. 這是一個獨立的版本的jQuery方法,只有幾個推文和調整. 檢查錯誤. 我使用了很多jQuery直到那一天我意識到我只會使用這個功能大部分時間 x_x。

使用方式与 jQuery API 所描述相同:

非深克隆: extend(object_dest,object_source);深克隆: extend(true,object_dest,object_source);

使用一个额外的函数来确定对象是否适合被克隆。

/**
 * This is a quasi clone of jQuery's extend() function.
 * by Romain WEEGER for wJs library - www.wexample.com
 * @returns {*|{}}
 */
function extend() {
    // Make a copy of arguments to avoid JavaScript inspector hints.
    var to_add, name, copy_is_array, clone,

    // The target object who receive parameters
    // form other objects.
    target = arguments[0] || {},

    // Index of first argument to mix to target.
    i = 1,

    // Mix target with all function arguments.
    length = arguments.length,

    // Define if we merge object recursively.
    deep = false;

    // Handle a deep copy situation.
    if (typeof target === 'boolean') {
        deep = target;

        // Skip the boolean and the target.
        target = arguments[ i ] || {};

        // Use next object as first added.
        i++;
    }

    // Handle case when target is a string or something (possible in deep copy)
    if (typeof target !== 'object' && typeof target !== 'function') {
        target = {};
    }

    // Loop trough arguments.
    for (false; i < length; i += 1) {

        // Only deal with non-null/undefined values
        if ((to_add = arguments[ i ]) !== null) {

            // Extend the base object.
            for (name in to_add) {

                // We do not wrap for loop into hasOwnProperty,
                // to access to all values of object.
                // Prevent never-ending loop.
                if (target === to_add[name]) {
                    continue;
                }

                // Recurse if we're merging plain objects or arrays.
                if (deep && to_add[name] && (is_plain_object(to_add[name]) || (copy_is_array = Array.isArray(to_add[name])))) {
                    if (copy_is_array) {
                        copy_is_array = false;
                        clone = target[name] && Array.isArray(target[name]) ? target[name] : [];
                    }
                    else {
                        clone = target[name] && is_plain_object(target[name]) ? target[name] : {};
                    }

                    // Never move original objects, clone them.
                    target[name] = extend(deep, clone, to_add[name]);
                }

                // Don't bring in undefined values.
                else if (to_add[name] !== undefined) {
                    target[name] = to_add[name];
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return target;
}

/**
 * Check to see if an object is a plain object
 * (created using "{}" or "new Object").
 * Forked from jQuery.
 * @param obj
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
function is_plain_object(obj) {
    // Not plain objects:
    // - Any object or value whose internal [[Class]] property is not "[object Object]"
    // - DOM nodes
    // - window
    if (obj === null || typeof obj !== "object" || obj.nodeType || (obj !== null && obj === obj.window)) {
        return false;
    }
    // Support: Firefox <20
    // The try/catch suppresses exceptions thrown when attempting to access
    // the "constructor" property of certain host objects, i.e. |window.location|
    // https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=814622
    try {
        if (obj.constructor && !this.hasOwnProperty.call(obj.constructor.prototype, "isPrototypeOf")) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    catch (e) {
        return false;
    }

    // If the function hasn't returned already, we're confident that
    // |obj| is a plain object, created by {} or constructed with new Object
    return true;
}

如果您正在使用它,UnderScore.js图书馆有一个克隆方法。

var newObject = _.clone(oldObject);

如果沒有任何內建一個,你可以嘗試:

function clone(obj) {
    if (obj === null || typeof (obj) !== 'object' || 'isActiveClone' in obj)
        return obj;

    if (obj instanceof Date)
        var temp = new obj.constructor(); //or new Date(obj);
    else
        var temp = obj.constructor();

    for (var key in obj) {
        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
            obj['isActiveClone'] = null;
            temp[key] = clone(obj[key]);
            delete obj['isActiveClone'];
        }
    }
    return temp;
}