是否有一种方法可以使用Java SE API在Java中创建一个非常基本的HTTP服务器(只支持GET/POST),而不需要编写代码手动解析HTTP请求和手动格式化HTTP响应?Java SE API在HttpURLConnection中很好地封装了HTTP客户机功能,但是是否有类似的HTTP服务器功能呢?

需要明确的是,我在网上看到的许多ServerSocket示例的问题是,它们自己进行请求解析/响应格式化和错误处理,这很乏味,容易出错,而且不太全面,出于这些原因,我试图避免使用它。


当前回答

检出简单。它是一个非常简单的嵌入式服务器,内置了对各种操作的支持。我特别喜欢它的线程模型..

神奇的!

其他回答

检出简单。它是一个非常简单的嵌入式服务器,内置了对各种操作的支持。我特别喜欢它的线程模型..

神奇的!

Apache Commons HttpCore项目怎么样?

来自网站:…… HttpCore目标

实现最基本的HTTP传输方面 良好的表现和清晰的表达之间的平衡 API 小(可预测的)内存占用 自包含库(没有JRE以外的外部依赖)

从Java 18开始,你可以用Java标准库创建简单的web服务器:

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        var port = 8000;
        var rootDirectory = Path.of("C:/Users/Mahozad/Desktop/");
        var outputLevel = OutputLevel.VERBOSE;
        var server = SimpleFileServer.createFileServer(
                new InetSocketAddress(port),
                rootDirectory,
                outputLevel
        );
        server.start();
    }
}

默认情况下,这将显示指定根目录的目录列表。您可以将index.html文件(以及CSS和JS文件等其他资产)放在该目录中来显示它们。

示例(我把这些放在桌面上,上面指定为我的根目录):

index . html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Java 18 Simple Web Server</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
  <style>h1 { color: blue; }</style>
  <script src="scripts.js" defer>
    let element = document.getElementsByTagName("h1")[0];
    element.style.fontSize = "48px";
  </script>
</head>
<body>
  <h1>I'm <i>index.html</i> in the root directory.</h1>
</body>
</html>

旁注

对于Java标准库HTTP客户端,请参阅Java 11新HTTP客户端API。

一个非常基本的HTTP服务器在TCP套接字级别的例子:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class NaiveHttpServer {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    String hostname = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName();
    ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8089);
    while (true) {
      Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
      PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream(), true);
      BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
      String s = in.readLine();
      System.out.println(s);
      while ("\r\n".equals(in.readLine())); 
      if ("GET /hostname HTTP/1.1".equals(s)) {
        out.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
        out.println("Connection: close");
        out.println("Content-Type: text/plain");
        out.println("Content-Length:" + hostname.length());
        out.println();
        out.println(hostname);
      } else {
        out.println("HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found");
        out.println("Connection: close");
        out.println();    
      }
      out.flush();
    }
  }
}

该示例提供计算机的主机名。

这个代码比我们的代码更好,你只需要添加2个库:javax. servlet .jar和org.mortbay.jetty.jar。

类码头:

package jetty;

import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import org.mortbay.http.SocketListener;
import org.mortbay.jetty.Server;
import org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHttpContext;

public class Jetty {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Server server = new Server();
            SocketListener listener = new SocketListener();      

            System.out.println("Max Thread :" + listener.getMaxThreads() + " Min Thread :" + listener.getMinThreads());

            listener.setHost("localhost");
            listener.setPort(8070);
            listener.setMinThreads(5);
            listener.setMaxThreads(250);
            server.addListener(listener);            

            ServletHttpContext context = (ServletHttpContext) server.getContext("/");
            context.addServlet("/MO", "jetty.HelloWorldServlet");

            server.start();
            server.join();

        /*//We will create our server running at http://localhost:8070
        Server server = new Server();
        server.addListener(":8070");

        //We will deploy our servlet to the server at the path '/'
        //it will be available at http://localhost:8070
        ServletHttpContext context = (ServletHttpContext) server.getContext("/");
        context.addServlet("/MO", "jetty.HelloWorldServlet");

        server.start();
        */

        } catch (Exception ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(Jetty.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }

    }
} 

Servlet类:

package jetty;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class HelloWorldServlet extends HttpServlet
{
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException
    {
        String appid = httpServletRequest.getParameter("appid");
        String conta = httpServletRequest.getParameter("conta");

        System.out.println("Appid : "+appid);
        System.out.println("Conta : "+conta);

        httpServletResponse.setContentType("text/plain");
        PrintWriter out = httpServletResponse.getWriter();
        out.println("Hello World!");
        out.close();
    }
}