只需几行代码就可以创建一个仅使用JDK和servlet api提供J2EE servlet基本支持的httpserver。

我发现这对于单元测试servlet非常有用，因为它启动速度比其他轻量级容器快得多(我们在生产中使用jetty)。

大多数非常轻量级的httpserver都不支持servlet，但是我们需要它们，所以我想分享一下。

下面的示例提供了基本的servlet支持，或者为尚未实现的内容抛出和UnsupportedOperationException异常。它使用com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer来提供基本的http支持。

import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.*;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;

@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public class VerySimpleServletHttpServer {
    HttpServer server;
    private String contextPath;
    private HttpHandler httpHandler;

    public VerySimpleServletHttpServer(String contextPath, HttpServlet servlet) {
        this.contextPath = contextPath;
        httpHandler = new HttpHandlerWithServletSupport(servlet);
    }

    public void start(int port) throws IOException {
        InetSocketAddress inetSocketAddress = new InetSocketAddress(port);
        server = HttpServer.create(inetSocketAddress, 0);
        server.createContext(contextPath, httpHandler);
        server.setExecutor(null);
        server.start();
    }

    public void stop(int secondsDelay) {
        server.stop(secondsDelay);
    }

    public int getServerPort() {
        return server.getAddress().getPort();
    }

}

final class HttpHandlerWithServletSupport implements HttpHandler {

    private HttpServlet servlet;

    private final class RequestWrapper extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
        private final HttpExchange ex;
        private final Map<String, String[]> postData;
        private final ServletInputStream is;
        private final Map<String, Object> attributes = new HashMap<>();

        private RequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest request, HttpExchange ex, Map<String, String[]> postData, ServletInputStream is) {
            super(request);
            this.ex = ex;
            this.postData = postData;
            this.is = is;
        }

        @Override
        public String getHeader(String name) {
            return ex.getRequestHeaders().getFirst(name);
        }

        @Override
        public Enumeration<String> getHeaders(String name) {
            return new Vector<String>(ex.getRequestHeaders().get(name)).elements();
        }

        @Override
        public Enumeration<String> getHeaderNames() {
            return new Vector<String>(ex.getRequestHeaders().keySet()).elements();
        }

        @Override
        public Object getAttribute(String name) {
            return attributes.get(name);
        }

        @Override
        public void setAttribute(String name, Object o) {
            this.attributes.put(name, o);
        }

        @Override
        public Enumeration<String> getAttributeNames() {
            return new Vector<String>(attributes.keySet()).elements();
        }

        @Override
        public String getMethod() {
            return ex.getRequestMethod();
        }

        @Override
        public ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
            return is;
        }

        @Override
        public BufferedReader getReader() throws IOException {
            return new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(getInputStream()));
        }

        @Override
        public String getPathInfo() {
            return ex.getRequestURI().getPath();
        }

        @Override
        public String getParameter(String name) {
            String[] arr = postData.get(name);
            return arr != null ? (arr.length > 1 ? Arrays.toString(arr) : arr[0]) : null;
        }

        @Override
        public Map<String, String[]> getParameterMap() {
            return postData;
        }

        @Override
        public Enumeration<String> getParameterNames() {
            return new Vector<String>(postData.keySet()).elements();
        }
    }

    private final class ResponseWrapper extends HttpServletResponseWrapper {
        final ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        final ServletOutputStream servletOutputStream = new ServletOutputStream() {

            @Override
            public void write(int b) throws IOException {
                outputStream.write(b);
            }
        };

        private final HttpExchange ex;
        private final PrintWriter printWriter;
        private int status = HttpServletResponse.SC_OK;

        private ResponseWrapper(HttpServletResponse response, HttpExchange ex) {
            super(response);
            this.ex = ex;
            printWriter = new PrintWriter(servletOutputStream);
        }

        @Override
        public void setContentType(String type) {
            ex.getResponseHeaders().add("Content-Type", type);
        }

        @Override
        public void setHeader(String name, String value) {
            ex.getResponseHeaders().add(name, value);
        }

        @Override
        public javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
            return servletOutputStream;
        }

        @Override
        public void setContentLength(int len) {
            ex.getResponseHeaders().add("Content-Length", len + "");
        }

        @Override
        public void setStatus(int status) {
            this.status = status;
        }

        @Override
        public void sendError(int sc, String msg) throws IOException {
            this.status = sc;
            if (msg != null) {
                printWriter.write(msg);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void sendError(int sc) throws IOException {
            sendError(sc, null);
        }

        @Override
        public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException {
            return printWriter;
        }

        public void complete() throws IOException {
            try {
                printWriter.flush();
                ex.sendResponseHeaders(status, outputStream.size());
                if (outputStream.size() > 0) {
                    ex.getResponseBody().write(outputStream.toByteArray());
                }
                ex.getResponseBody().flush();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                ex.close();
            }
        }
    }

    public HttpHandlerWithServletSupport(HttpServlet servlet) {
        this.servlet = servlet;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    @Override
    public void handle(final HttpExchange ex) throws IOException {
        byte[] inBytes = getBytes(ex.getRequestBody());
        ex.getRequestBody().close();
        final ByteArrayInputStream newInput = new ByteArrayInputStream(inBytes);
        final ServletInputStream is = new ServletInputStream() {

            @Override
            public int read() throws IOException {
                return newInput.read();
            }
        };

        Map<String, String[]> parsePostData = new HashMap<>();

        try {
            parsePostData.putAll(HttpUtils.parseQueryString(ex.getRequestURI().getQuery()));

            // check if any postdata to parse
            parsePostData.putAll(HttpUtils.parsePostData(inBytes.length, is));
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            // no postData - just reset inputstream
            newInput.reset();
        }
        final Map<String, String[]> postData = parsePostData;

        RequestWrapper req = new RequestWrapper(createUnimplementAdapter(HttpServletRequest.class), ex, postData, is);

        ResponseWrapper resp = new ResponseWrapper(createUnimplementAdapter(HttpServletResponse.class), ex);

        try {
            servlet.service(req, resp);
            resp.complete();
        } catch (ServletException e) {
            throw new IOException(e);
        }
    }

    private static byte[] getBytes(InputStream in) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        while (true) {
            int r = in.read(buffer);
            if (r == -1)
                break;
            out.write(buffer, 0, r);
        }
        return out.toByteArray();
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private static <T> T createUnimplementAdapter(Class<T> httpServletApi) {
        class UnimplementedHandler implements InvocationHandler {
            @Override
            public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
                throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not implemented: " + method + ", args=" + Arrays.toString(args));
            }
        }

        return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(UnimplementedHandler.class.getClassLoader(),
                new Class<?>[] { httpServletApi },
                new UnimplementedHandler());
    }
}

您可以编写一个非常简单的嵌入式Jetty Java服务器。

嵌入式Jetty意味着服务器(Jetty)与应用程序一起发布，而不是将应用程序部署在外部Jetty服务器上。

因此，如果在非嵌入式方法中，你的webapp内置到WAR文件中，并部署到一些外部服务器(Tomcat / Jetty / etc)，在嵌入式Jetty中，你在相同的代码库中编写webapp并实例化Jetty服务器。

一个嵌入式Jetty Java服务器的例子，你可以git克隆和使用:https://github.com/stas-slu/embedded-jetty-java-server-example

试试这个https://github.com/devashish234073/Java-Socket-Http-Server/blob/master/README.md

这个API使用套接字创建了一个HTTP服务器。

它以文本的形式从浏览器获取请求 解析它来检索URL信息、方法、属性等。 使用定义的URL映射创建动态响应 将响应发送到浏览器。

例如，下面是response .java类中的构造函数如何将原始响应转换为http响应:

public Response(String resp){
    Date date = new Date();
    String start = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n";
    String header = "Date: "+date.toString()+"\r\n";
    header+= "Content-Type: text/html\r\n";
    header+= "Content-length: "+resp.length()+"\r\n";
    header+="\r\n";
    this.resp=start+header+resp;
}

从Java 18开始，你可以用Java标准库创建简单的web服务器:

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        var port = 8000;
        var rootDirectory = Path.of("C:/Users/Mahozad/Desktop/");
        var outputLevel = OutputLevel.VERBOSE;
        var server = SimpleFileServer.createFileServer(
                new InetSocketAddress(port),
                rootDirectory,
                outputLevel
        );
        server.start();
    }
}

默认情况下，这将显示指定根目录的目录列表。您可以将index.html文件(以及CSS和JS文件等其他资产)放在该目录中来显示它们。

示例(我把这些放在桌面上，上面指定为我的根目录):

index . html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Java 18 Simple Web Server</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
  <style>h1 { color: blue; }</style>
  <script src="scripts.js" defer>
    let element = document.getElementsByTagName("h1")[0];
    element.style.fontSize = "48px";
  </script>
</head>
<body>
  <h1>I'm <i>index.html</i> in the root directory.</h1>
</body>
</html>

旁注

对于Java标准库HTTP客户端，请参阅Java 11新HTTP客户端API。

Apache Commons HttpCore项目怎么样?

来自网站:…… HttpCore目标

实现最基本的HTTP传输方面 良好的表现和清晰的表达之间的平衡 API 小(可预测的)内存占用 自包含库(没有JRE以外的外部依赖)

检查拍摄。查看https://github.com/yegor256/takes获取快速信息