现在，您可以使用源生成器使用同步方法生成器库(nuget)创建方法的同步版本。

使用方法如下:

[Zomp.SyncMethodGenerator.CreateSyncVersion]
public async void FooAsync()

它会生成Foo方法，你可以同步调用。

斯蒂芬·克利里的回答;

这种方法应该不会导致死锁(假设 ProblemMethodAsync不发送更新到UI线程或任何东西 像这样)。它假设可以在对象上调用ProblemMethodAsync 线程池线程，这并不总是这样。

https://blog.stephencleary.com/2012/07/dont-block-on-async-code.html

这就是方法;

线程池攻击与阻塞攻击类似的方法是 将异步工作卸载到线程池，然后阻塞 产生的任务。使用此黑客的代码看起来像下面的代码 如图7所示。 图7线程池攻击的代码 c#

public sealed class WebDataService : IDataService
{
  public string Get(int id)
  {
    return Task.Run(() => GetAsync(id)).GetAwaiter().GetResult();
  }
  public async Task<string> GetAsync(int id)
  {
    using (var client = new WebClient())
      return await client.DownloadStringTaskAsync(
      "https://www.example.com/api/values/" + id);
  }
}

Task的调用。Run在线程池上执行异步方法 线程。在这里，它将在没有上下文的情况下运行，从而避免 死锁。这种方法的一个问题是异步性 方法不能依赖于在特定上下文中执行。所以,它 不能使用UI元素或ASP。净HttpContext.Current。

public async Task<string> StartMyTask()
{
    await Foo()
    // code to execute once foo is done
}

static void Main()
{
     var myTask = StartMyTask(); // call your method which will return control once it hits await
     // now you can continue executing code here
     string result = myTask.Result; // wait for the task to complete to continue
     // use result

}

您将‘await’关键字读为“启动这个长时间运行的任务，然后将控制权返回给调用方法”。长时间运行的任务完成后，它将执行后面的代码。await之后的代码类似于过去的CallBack方法。最大的区别是逻辑流没有中断，这使得读写更容易。

受到其他一些答案的启发，我创建了以下简单的帮助方法:

public static TResult RunSync<TResult>(Func<Task<TResult>> method)
{
    var task = method();
    return task.GetAwaiter().GetResult();
}

public static void RunSync(Func<Task> method)
{
    var task = method();
    task.GetAwaiter().GetResult();
}

调用方法如下(取决于你是否返回值):

RunSync(() => Foo());
var result = RunSync(() => FooWithResult());

注意，原始问题public async void Foo()中的签名是不正确的。它应该是公共async Task Foo()，因为对于不返回值的异步方法，应该返回Task而不是void(是的，有一些罕见的例外)。

您可以从同步代码中调用任何异步方法，直到您需要等待它们，在这种情况下，它们也必须被标记为异步。

正如很多人在这里建议的那样，您可以在同步方法中对结果任务调用Wait()或Result，但最终会在该方法中进行阻塞调用，这在某种程度上违背了异步的目的。

如果你真的不能让你的方法异步，你不想锁定同步方法，那么你将不得不使用一个回调方法，把它作为参数传递给任务上的ContinueWith()方法。

然而，有一个很好的解决方案可以在(几乎:参见评论)任何情况下工作:一个特别的消息泵(SynchronizationContext)。

调用线程将按预期被阻塞，同时仍然确保从async函数调用的所有延续不会死锁，因为它们将被封送到运行在调用线程上的临时SynchronizationContext(消息泵)。

临时消息泵帮助器的代码:

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Microsoft.Threading
{
    /// <summary>Provides a pump that supports running asynchronous methods on the current thread.</summary>
    public static class AsyncPump
    {
        /// <summary>Runs the specified asynchronous method.</summary>
        /// <param name="asyncMethod">The asynchronous method to execute.</param>
        public static void Run(Action asyncMethod)
        {
            if (asyncMethod == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("asyncMethod");

            var prevCtx = SynchronizationContext.Current;
            try
            {
                // Establish the new context
                var syncCtx = new SingleThreadSynchronizationContext(true);
                SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(syncCtx);

                // Invoke the function
                syncCtx.OperationStarted();
                asyncMethod();
                syncCtx.OperationCompleted();

                // Pump continuations and propagate any exceptions
                syncCtx.RunOnCurrentThread();
            }
            finally { SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(prevCtx); }
        }

        /// <summary>Runs the specified asynchronous method.</summary>
        /// <param name="asyncMethod">The asynchronous method to execute.</param>
        public static void Run(Func<Task> asyncMethod)
        {
            if (asyncMethod == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("asyncMethod");

            var prevCtx = SynchronizationContext.Current;
            try
            {
                // Establish the new context
                var syncCtx = new SingleThreadSynchronizationContext(false);
                SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(syncCtx);

                // Invoke the function and alert the context to when it completes
                var t = asyncMethod();
                if (t == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("No task provided.");
                t.ContinueWith(delegate { syncCtx.Complete(); }, TaskScheduler.Default);

                // Pump continuations and propagate any exceptions
                syncCtx.RunOnCurrentThread();
                t.GetAwaiter().GetResult();
            }
            finally { SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(prevCtx); }
        }

        /// <summary>Runs the specified asynchronous method.</summary>
        /// <param name="asyncMethod">The asynchronous method to execute.</param>
        public static T Run<T>(Func<Task<T>> asyncMethod)
        {
            if (asyncMethod == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("asyncMethod");

            var prevCtx = SynchronizationContext.Current;
            try
            {
                // Establish the new context
                var syncCtx = new SingleThreadSynchronizationContext(false);
                SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(syncCtx);

                // Invoke the function and alert the context to when it completes
                var t = asyncMethod();
                if (t == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("No task provided.");
                t.ContinueWith(delegate { syncCtx.Complete(); }, TaskScheduler.Default);

                // Pump continuations and propagate any exceptions
                syncCtx.RunOnCurrentThread();
                return t.GetAwaiter().GetResult();
            }
            finally { SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(prevCtx); }
        }

        /// <summary>Provides a SynchronizationContext that's single-threaded.</summary>
        private sealed class SingleThreadSynchronizationContext : SynchronizationContext
        {
            /// <summary>The queue of work items.</summary>
            private readonly BlockingCollection<KeyValuePair<SendOrPostCallback, object>> m_queue =
                new BlockingCollection<KeyValuePair<SendOrPostCallback, object>>();
            /// <summary>The processing thread.</summary>
            private readonly Thread m_thread = Thread.CurrentThread;
            /// <summary>The number of outstanding operations.</summary>
            private int m_operationCount = 0;
            /// <summary>Whether to track operations m_operationCount.</summary>
            private readonly bool m_trackOperations;

            /// <summary>Initializes the context.</summary>
            /// <param name="trackOperations">Whether to track operation count.</param>
            internal SingleThreadSynchronizationContext(bool trackOperations)
            {
                m_trackOperations = trackOperations;
            }

            /// <summary>Dispatches an asynchronous message to the synchronization context.</summary>
            /// <param name="d">The System.Threading.SendOrPostCallback delegate to call.</param>
            /// <param name="state">The object passed to the delegate.</param>
            public override void Post(SendOrPostCallback d, object state)
            {
                if (d == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("d");
                m_queue.Add(new KeyValuePair<SendOrPostCallback, object>(d, state));
            }

            /// <summary>Not supported.</summary>
            public override void Send(SendOrPostCallback d, object state)
            {
                throw new NotSupportedException("Synchronously sending is not supported.");
            }

            /// <summary>Runs an loop to process all queued work items.</summary>
            public void RunOnCurrentThread()
            {
                foreach (var workItem in m_queue.GetConsumingEnumerable())
                    workItem.Key(workItem.Value);
            }

            /// <summary>Notifies the context that no more work will arrive.</summary>
            public void Complete() { m_queue.CompleteAdding(); }

            /// <summary>Invoked when an async operation is started.</summary>
            public override void OperationStarted()
            {
                if (m_trackOperations)
                    Interlocked.Increment(ref m_operationCount);
            }

            /// <summary>Invoked when an async operation is completed.</summary>
            public override void OperationCompleted()
            {
                if (m_trackOperations &&
                    Interlocked.Decrement(ref m_operationCount) == 0)
                    Complete();
            }
        }
    }
}

用法:

AsyncPump.Run(() => FooAsync(...));

异步泵的更详细的描述可在这里。