我有一个公共异步无效Foo()方法，我想从同步方法调用。到目前为止，我从MSDN文档中看到的都是通过异步方法调用异步方法，但我的整个程序并不是用异步方法构建的。
这可能吗?
下面是一个从异步方法调用这些方法的例子: 演练:使用Async和Await访问Web (c#和Visual Basic)
现在我正在研究从sync方法调用这些async方法。
当前回答
然而，有一个很好的解决方案可以在(几乎:参见评论)任何情况下工作:一个特别的消息泵(SynchronizationContext)。
调用线程将按预期被阻塞，同时仍然确保从async函数调用的所有延续不会死锁，因为它们将被封送到运行在调用线程上的临时SynchronizationContext(消息泵)。
临时消息泵帮助器的代码:
using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Microsoft.Threading
{
/// <summary>Provides a pump that supports running asynchronous methods on the current thread.</summary>
public static class AsyncPump
{
/// <summary>Runs the specified asynchronous method.</summary>
/// <param name="asyncMethod">The asynchronous method to execute.</param>
public static void Run(Action asyncMethod)
{
if (asyncMethod == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("asyncMethod");
var prevCtx = SynchronizationContext.Current;
try
{
// Establish the new context
var syncCtx = new SingleThreadSynchronizationContext(true);
SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(syncCtx);
// Invoke the function
syncCtx.OperationStarted();
asyncMethod();
syncCtx.OperationCompleted();
// Pump continuations and propagate any exceptions
syncCtx.RunOnCurrentThread();
}
finally { SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(prevCtx); }
}
/// <summary>Runs the specified asynchronous method.</summary>
/// <param name="asyncMethod">The asynchronous method to execute.</param>
public static void Run(Func<Task> asyncMethod)
{
if (asyncMethod == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("asyncMethod");
var prevCtx = SynchronizationContext.Current;
try
{
// Establish the new context
var syncCtx = new SingleThreadSynchronizationContext(false);
SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(syncCtx);
// Invoke the function and alert the context to when it completes
var t = asyncMethod();
if (t == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("No task provided.");
t.ContinueWith(delegate { syncCtx.Complete(); }, TaskScheduler.Default);
// Pump continuations and propagate any exceptions
syncCtx.RunOnCurrentThread();
t.GetAwaiter().GetResult();
}
finally { SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(prevCtx); }
}
/// <summary>Runs the specified asynchronous method.</summary>
/// <param name="asyncMethod">The asynchronous method to execute.</param>
public static T Run<T>(Func<Task<T>> asyncMethod)
{
if (asyncMethod == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("asyncMethod");
var prevCtx = SynchronizationContext.Current;
try
{
// Establish the new context
var syncCtx = new SingleThreadSynchronizationContext(false);
SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(syncCtx);
// Invoke the function and alert the context to when it completes
var t = asyncMethod();
if (t == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("No task provided.");
t.ContinueWith(delegate { syncCtx.Complete(); }, TaskScheduler.Default);
// Pump continuations and propagate any exceptions
syncCtx.RunOnCurrentThread();
return t.GetAwaiter().GetResult();
}
finally { SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(prevCtx); }
}
/// <summary>Provides a SynchronizationContext that's single-threaded.</summary>
private sealed class SingleThreadSynchronizationContext : SynchronizationContext
{
/// <summary>The queue of work items.</summary>
private readonly BlockingCollection<KeyValuePair<SendOrPostCallback, object>> m_queue =
new BlockingCollection<KeyValuePair<SendOrPostCallback, object>>();
/// <summary>The processing thread.</summary>
private readonly Thread m_thread = Thread.CurrentThread;
/// <summary>The number of outstanding operations.</summary>
private int m_operationCount = 0;
/// <summary>Whether to track operations m_operationCount.</summary>
private readonly bool m_trackOperations;
/// <summary>Initializes the context.</summary>
/// <param name="trackOperations">Whether to track operation count.</param>
internal SingleThreadSynchronizationContext(bool trackOperations)
{
m_trackOperations = trackOperations;
}
/// <summary>Dispatches an asynchronous message to the synchronization context.</summary>
/// <param name="d">The System.Threading.SendOrPostCallback delegate to call.</param>
/// <param name="state">The object passed to the delegate.</param>
public override void Post(SendOrPostCallback d, object state)
{
if (d == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("d");
m_queue.Add(new KeyValuePair<SendOrPostCallback, object>(d, state));
}
/// <summary>Not supported.</summary>
public override void Send(SendOrPostCallback d, object state)
{
throw new NotSupportedException("Synchronously sending is not supported.");
}
/// <summary>Runs an loop to process all queued work items.</summary>
public void RunOnCurrentThread()
{
foreach (var workItem in m_queue.GetConsumingEnumerable())
workItem.Key(workItem.Value);
}
/// <summary>Notifies the context that no more work will arrive.</summary>
public void Complete() { m_queue.CompleteAdding(); }
/// <summary>Invoked when an async operation is started.</summary>
public override void OperationStarted()
{
if (m_trackOperations)
Interlocked.Increment(ref m_operationCount);
}
/// <summary>Invoked when an async operation is completed.</summary>
public override void OperationCompleted()
{
if (m_trackOperations &&
Interlocked.Decrement(ref m_operationCount) == 0)
Complete();
}
}
}
}
用法:
AsyncPump.Run(() => FooAsync(...));
异步泵的更详细的描述可在这里。
其他回答
var result = Task.Run(async () => await configManager.GetConfigurationAsync()).ConfigureAwait(false);
OpenIdConnectConfiguration config = result.GetAwaiter().GetResult();
或者用这个:
var result=result.GetAwaiter().GetResult().AccessToken
这些windows异步方法有一个漂亮的小方法叫做AsTask()。您可以使用它让方法作为任务返回本身，以便您可以手动调用Wait()。
例如，在Windows Phone 8 Silverlight应用程序中，您可以执行以下操作:
private void DeleteSynchronous(string path)
{
StorageFolder localFolder = Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder;
Task t = localFolder.DeleteAsync(StorageDeleteOption.PermanentDelete).AsTask();
t.Wait();
}
private void FunctionThatNeedsToBeSynchronous()
{
// Do some work here
// ....
// Delete something in storage synchronously
DeleteSynchronous("pathGoesHere");
// Do other work here
// .....
}
希望这能有所帮助!
添加一个解决方案，最终解决了我的问题，希望能节省别人的时间。
首先阅读Stephen Cleary的几篇文章:
异步和等待 不要阻塞异步代码
在“不要阻塞异步代码”中的“两个最佳实践”中，第一个对我来说不适用，第二个不适用(基本上如果我可以使用await，我就会使用!)。
下面是我的解决方案:将调用包装在一个Task中。运行<>(async () => await FunctionAsync());希望不会再出现僵局。
这是我的代码:
public class LogReader
{
ILogger _logger;
public LogReader(ILogger logger)
{
_logger = logger;
}
public LogEntity GetLog()
{
Task<LogEntity> task = Task.Run<LogEntity>(async () => await GetLogAsync());
return task.Result;
}
public async Task<LogEntity> GetLogAsync()
{
var result = await _logger.GetAsync();
// more code here...
return result as LogEntity;
}
}
斯蒂芬·克利里的回答;
这种方法应该不会导致死锁(假设 ProblemMethodAsync不发送更新到UI线程或任何东西 像这样)。它假设可以在对象上调用ProblemMethodAsync 线程池线程，这并不总是这样。
https://blog.stephencleary.com/2012/07/dont-block-on-async-code.html
这就是方法;
线程池攻击与阻塞攻击类似的方法是 将异步工作卸载到线程池，然后阻塞 产生的任务。使用此黑客的代码看起来像下面的代码 如图7所示。 图7线程池攻击的代码 c#
public sealed class WebDataService : IDataService
{
public string Get(int id)
{
return Task.Run(() => GetAsync(id)).GetAwaiter().GetResult();
}
public async Task<string> GetAsync(int id)
{
using (var client = new WebClient())
return await client.DownloadStringTaskAsync(
"https://www.example.com/api/values/" + id);
}
}
Task的调用。Run在线程池上执行异步方法 线程。在这里，它将在没有上下文的情况下运行，从而避免 死锁。这种方法的一个问题是异步性 方法不能依赖于在特定上下文中执行。所以,它 不能使用UI元素或ASP。净HttpContext.Current。
我不是100%确定，但我相信这篇博客中描述的技巧在许多情况下都适用:
因此，如果想直接调用这个传播逻辑，可以使用task.GetAwaiter(). getresult()。
