在Python中,如何找到整数中的位数?
当前回答
def count_digit(number):
if number >= 10:
count = 2
else:
count = 1
while number//10 > 9:
count += 1
number = number//10
return count
其他回答
不需要转换为字符串
import math
digits = int(math.log10(n))+1
也可以处理0和负数
import math
if n > 0:
digits = int(math.log10(n))+1
elif n == 0:
digits = 1
else:
digits = int(math.log10(-n))+2 # +1 if you don't count the '-'
你可能想把它放在一个函数中:)
以下是一些基准测试。len(str())对于非常小的数字已经落后了
timeit math.log10(2**8)
1000000 loops, best of 3: 746 ns per loop
timeit len(str(2**8))
1000000 loops, best of 3: 1.1 µs per loop
timeit math.log10(2**100)
1000000 loops, best of 3: 775 ns per loop
timeit len(str(2**100))
100000 loops, best of 3: 3.2 µs per loop
timeit math.log10(2**10000)
1000000 loops, best of 3: 844 ns per loop
timeit len(str(2**10000))
100 loops, best of 3: 10.3 ms per loop
对于子孙后代来说,这无疑是迄今为止解决这个问题最慢的方法:
def num_digits(num, number_of_calls=1):
"Returns the number of digits of an integer num."
if num == 0 or num == -1:
return 1 if number_of_calls == 1 else 0
else:
return 1 + num_digits(num/10, number_of_calls+1)
正如亲爱的用户@Calvintwr提到的,函数数学。Log10在一个超出范围[-999999999999997,99999999999999997]的数字中有问题,我们会得到浮点数错误。我有这个问题与JavaScript(谷歌V8和NodeJS)和C (GNU GCC编译器),所以一个“纯数学”的解决方案是不可能在这里。
基于这个要点和答案,亲爱的用户@Calvintwr
import math
def get_count_digits(number: int):
"""Return number of digits in a number."""
if number == 0:
return 1
number = abs(number)
if number <= 999999999999997:
return math.floor(math.log10(number)) + 1
count = 0
while number:
count += 1
number //= 10
return count
我在长度不超过20(包括20)的数字上进行了测试,没问题。它必须足够,因为64位系统上的最大整数长度是19 (len(str(sys.maxsize)) == 19)。
assert get_count_digits(-99999999999999999999) == 20
assert get_count_digits(-10000000000000000000) == 20
assert get_count_digits(-9999999999999999999) == 19
assert get_count_digits(-1000000000000000000) == 19
assert get_count_digits(-999999999999999999) == 18
assert get_count_digits(-100000000000000000) == 18
assert get_count_digits(-99999999999999999) == 17
assert get_count_digits(-10000000000000000) == 17
assert get_count_digits(-9999999999999999) == 16
assert get_count_digits(-1000000000000000) == 16
assert get_count_digits(-999999999999999) == 15
assert get_count_digits(-100000000000000) == 15
assert get_count_digits(-99999999999999) == 14
assert get_count_digits(-10000000000000) == 14
assert get_count_digits(-9999999999999) == 13
assert get_count_digits(-1000000000000) == 13
assert get_count_digits(-999999999999) == 12
assert get_count_digits(-100000000000) == 12
assert get_count_digits(-99999999999) == 11
assert get_count_digits(-10000000000) == 11
assert get_count_digits(-9999999999) == 10
assert get_count_digits(-1000000000) == 10
assert get_count_digits(-999999999) == 9
assert get_count_digits(-100000000) == 9
assert get_count_digits(-99999999) == 8
assert get_count_digits(-10000000) == 8
assert get_count_digits(-9999999) == 7
assert get_count_digits(-1000000) == 7
assert get_count_digits(-999999) == 6
assert get_count_digits(-100000) == 6
assert get_count_digits(-99999) == 5
assert get_count_digits(-10000) == 5
assert get_count_digits(-9999) == 4
assert get_count_digits(-1000) == 4
assert get_count_digits(-999) == 3
assert get_count_digits(-100) == 3
assert get_count_digits(-99) == 2
assert get_count_digits(-10) == 2
assert get_count_digits(-9) == 1
assert get_count_digits(-1) == 1
assert get_count_digits(0) == 1
assert get_count_digits(1) == 1
assert get_count_digits(9) == 1
assert get_count_digits(10) == 2
assert get_count_digits(99) == 2
assert get_count_digits(100) == 3
assert get_count_digits(999) == 3
assert get_count_digits(1000) == 4
assert get_count_digits(9999) == 4
assert get_count_digits(10000) == 5
assert get_count_digits(99999) == 5
assert get_count_digits(100000) == 6
assert get_count_digits(999999) == 6
assert get_count_digits(1000000) == 7
assert get_count_digits(9999999) == 7
assert get_count_digits(10000000) == 8
assert get_count_digits(99999999) == 8
assert get_count_digits(100000000) == 9
assert get_count_digits(999999999) == 9
assert get_count_digits(1000000000) == 10
assert get_count_digits(9999999999) == 10
assert get_count_digits(10000000000) == 11
assert get_count_digits(99999999999) == 11
assert get_count_digits(100000000000) == 12
assert get_count_digits(999999999999) == 12
assert get_count_digits(1000000000000) == 13
assert get_count_digits(9999999999999) == 13
assert get_count_digits(10000000000000) == 14
assert get_count_digits(99999999999999) == 14
assert get_count_digits(100000000000000) == 15
assert get_count_digits(999999999999999) == 15
assert get_count_digits(1000000000000000) == 16
assert get_count_digits(9999999999999999) == 16
assert get_count_digits(10000000000000000) == 17
assert get_count_digits(99999999999999999) == 17
assert get_count_digits(100000000000000000) == 18
assert get_count_digits(999999999999999999) == 18
assert get_count_digits(1000000000000000000) == 19
assert get_count_digits(9999999999999999999) == 19
assert get_count_digits(10000000000000000000) == 20
assert get_count_digits(99999999999999999999) == 20
所有使用Python 3.5测试的代码示例
如果你必须要求用户输入,然后你必须数出有多少个数字,那么你可以这样做:
count_number = input('Please enter a number\t')
print(len(count_number))
注意:永远不要使用int作为用户输入。
对于整数,可以使用以下方法快速完成:
len(str(abs(1234567890)))
获取"1234567890"的绝对值的字符串长度。
abs返回没有任何负号的数字(只有数字的大小),str将其转换为字符串,len返回该字符串的字符串长度。
如果你想让它为浮点数工作,你可以使用以下任何一个:
# Ignore all after decimal place
len(str(abs(0.1234567890)).split(".")[0])
# Ignore just the decimal place
len(str(abs(0.1234567890)))-1
供以后参考。
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