不幸的是，这些答案都没有解决我遇到的具体问题。

这里有一个简单的解决方案，不需要干扰bash。在我的例子中，它是让gradle工作(Android Studio)。

顺便说一句，这些步骤涉及OSX (Mountain Lion 10.8.5)

打开终端。 执行如下命令: Sudo nano /etc/paths(或Sudo vim /etc/paths for vim) 转到文件底部，输入要添加的路径。 按control-x退出。 输入“Y”保存修改后的缓冲区。 打开一个新的终端窗口，然后输入: 回声路径美元

您应该看到新路径被追加到path的末尾

我从这篇文章中得到了这些细节:

http://architectryan.com/2012/10/02/add-to-the-path-on-mac-os-x-mountain-lion/#.UkED3rxPp3Q

我希望这能帮助到其他人

简化的解释

这篇文章/问题有点老了，所以我将回答一个简化版本的OS X Lion用户。 默认情况下，OSX Lion没有以下任何文件:

~ / . bashrc ~ / . bash_profile ~ / . profile

最多，如果您在终端中执行了任何操作，您可能会看到~/.bash_history

它的含义

您必须创建这个文件来设置默认的bash命令(通常在~/.bashrc中)。要做到这一点，可以使用任何类型的编辑器，尽管在终端中更简单:

%> emacs .profile [from w/in emacs type:] source ~/.bashrc . [from w/in emacs type:] Ctrl + x Ctrl + s(保存文件) [from w/in emacs type:] Ctrl + x Ctrl + c(关闭emacs) %> emacs .bashrc [从w/in emacs输入/粘贴所有bash命令，保存并退出]

下次退出并重新加载终端时，它应该加载所有bash首选项。另外，将命令分割成有用的文件名通常是个好主意。例如，from within ~/.Bashrc，你应该有一个源~/。Bash_aliases并将所有别名命令放在~/. Bash_aliases中。

以下是Lion OS 10.7.x中关于PATH变量的更多信息:

如果需要全局设置PATH，则PATH由系统按照如下顺序构建:

Parsing the contents of the file /private/etc/paths, one path per line Parsing the contents of the folder /private/etc/paths.d. Each file in that folder can contain multiple paths, one path per line. Load order is determined by the file name first, and then the order of the lines in the file. A setenv PATH statement in /private/etc/launchd.conf, which will append that path to the path already built in #1 and #2 (you must not use $PATH to reference the PATH variable that has been built so far). But, setting the PATH here is completely unnecessary given the other two options, although this is the place where other global environment variables can be set for all users.

这些路径和变量由所有用户和应用程序继承，因此它们是真正的全局路径——登出和登录不会重置这些路径——它们是为系统构建的，是在任何用户有机会登录之前创建的，因此对这些路径的更改需要重新启动系统才能生效。

顺便说一句，OS 10.7的干净安装。狮子没有环境。我可以找到plist，所以它可能工作，但也可能被弃用。

我在Maverics上使用Eclipse(从GUI开始，而不是从脚本开始)时遇到了问题，它没有采用自定义PATH。我尝试了上面提到的所有方法，但都无济于事。最后，我根据这里的提示找到了最简单的答案:

Go to /Applications/eclipse/Eclipse.app/Contents folder Edit Info.plist file with text editor (or XCode), add LSEnvironment dictionary for environment variable with full path. Note that it includes also /usr/bin etc: <dict> <key>LSEnvironment</key> <dict> <key>PATH</key> <string>/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/dev/android-ndk-r9b</string> </dict> <key>CFBundleDisplayName</key> <string>Eclipse</string> ... Reload parameters for app with /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Frameworks/LaunchServices.fra‌​mework/Support/lsregister -v -f /Applications/eclipse/Eclipse.app Restart Eclipse

让我用我个人的例子，用一种非常多余的方式来说明。

First after installing JDK, make sure it's installed. Sometimes macOS or Linux automatically sets up environment variable for you unlike Windows. But that's not the case always. So let's check it. The line immediately after echo $JAVA_HOME would be empty if the environment variable is not set. It must be empty in your case. Now we need to check if we have bash_profile file. You saw that in my case we already have bash_profile. If not we have to create a bash_profile file. Create a bash_profile file. Check again to make sure bash_profile file is there. Now let's open bash_profile file. macOS opens it using it's default TextEdit program. This is the file where environment variables are kept. If you have opened a new bash_profile file, it must be empty. In my case, it was already set for python programming language and Anaconda distribution. Now, i need to add environment variable for Java which is just adding the first line. YOU MUST TYPE the first line VERBATIM. JUST the first line. Save and close the TextEdit. Then close the terminal. Open the terminal again. Let's check if the environment variable is set up.

在Mac OS上设置PATH环境变量

打开终端程序(默认在应用程序/实用程序文件夹中)。 运行以下命令

touch ~/.bash_profile; open ~/.bash_profile

这将在默认文本编辑器中打开文件。

ANDROID SDK为例:

你需要添加路径到你的Android SDK平台工具和工具目录。在我的例子中，我将使用“/Development/android-sdk-macosx”作为SDK的安装目录。增加如下一行:

export PATH=${PATH}:/Development/android-sdk-macosx/platform-tools:/Development/android-sdk-macosx/tools

保存文件并退出文本编辑器。 执行.bash_profile来更新PATH。

source ~/.bash_profile

现在，每次你打开终端程序，你的PATH将包括Android SDK。