当有人说“编辑你的。plist文件”或“你的。profile”或“。Bash_profile”等等,这让我很困惑。我不知道这些文件在哪里,如果我必须这样做,如何创建它们,等等,以及为什么似乎有这么多不同的(为什么?)他们做不同的事情吗?)

所以,谁能非常耐心地向以前的Windows用户(迫切地想要更加熟悉最初有点困惑的OS X世界)解释如何一步一步地做到这一点?

我需要为GUI应用程序和命令行应用程序设置变量,目前是为需要变量的ant脚本设置变量,但很可能还有其他需求。

请注意,我也有Lion,因为你在谷歌上得到的许多答案似乎已经过时了…

还要注意,我几乎没有使用终端的经验。我愿意学习,但请为一个新手解释一下……


当前回答

以下是Lion OS 10.7.x中关于PATH变量的更多信息:

如果需要全局设置PATH,则PATH由系统按照如下顺序构建:

Parsing the contents of the file /private/etc/paths, one path per line Parsing the contents of the folder /private/etc/paths.d. Each file in that folder can contain multiple paths, one path per line. Load order is determined by the file name first, and then the order of the lines in the file. A setenv PATH statement in /private/etc/launchd.conf, which will append that path to the path already built in #1 and #2 (you must not use $PATH to reference the PATH variable that has been built so far). But, setting the PATH here is completely unnecessary given the other two options, although this is the place where other global environment variables can be set for all users.

这些路径和变量由所有用户和应用程序继承,因此它们是真正的全局路径——登出和登录不会重置这些路径——它们是为系统构建的,是在任何用户有机会登录之前创建的,因此对这些路径的更改需要重新启动系统才能生效。

顺便说一句,OS 10.7的干净安装。狮子没有环境。我可以找到plist,所以它可能工作,但也可能被弃用。

其他回答

添加路径变量到OS X Lion

这是非常直接的,对我来说很有用,在终端:

$echo "export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/whatever" >> .bash_profile #replace "/path/to/whatever" with the location of what you want to add to your bash profile, i.e: $ echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.0.12/sbin" >> .bash_profile 
$. .bash_profile #restart your bash shell

类似的回复在这里:http://www.mac-forums.com/forums/os-x-operating-system/255324-problems-setting-path-variable-lion.html#post1317516

打开终端:

vi ~/.bash_profile

将更改应用于系统(无需重启计算机):

source ~/.bash_profile

(也适用于macOS Sierra 10.12.1)

不幸的是,这些答案都没有解决我遇到的具体问题。

这里有一个简单的解决方案,不需要干扰bash。在我的例子中,它是让gradle工作(Android Studio)。

顺便说一句,这些步骤涉及OSX (Mountain Lion 10.8.5)

打开终端。 执行如下命令: Sudo nano /etc/paths(或Sudo vim /etc/paths for vim) 转到文件底部,输入要添加的路径。 按control-x退出。 输入“Y”保存修改后的缓冲区。 打开一个新的终端窗口,然后输入: 回声路径美元

您应该看到新路径被追加到path的末尾

我从这篇文章中得到了这些细节:

http://architectryan.com/2012/10/02/add-to-the-path-on-mac-os-x-mountain-lion/#.UkED3rxPp3Q

我希望这能帮助到其他人

让我用我个人的例子,用一种非常多余的方式来说明。

First after installing JDK, make sure it's installed. Sometimes macOS or Linux automatically sets up environment variable for you unlike Windows. But that's not the case always. So let's check it. The line immediately after echo $JAVA_HOME would be empty if the environment variable is not set. It must be empty in your case. Now we need to check if we have bash_profile file. You saw that in my case we already have bash_profile. If not we have to create a bash_profile file. Create a bash_profile file. Check again to make sure bash_profile file is there. Now let's open bash_profile file. macOS opens it using it's default TextEdit program. This is the file where environment variables are kept. If you have opened a new bash_profile file, it must be empty. In my case, it was already set for python programming language and Anaconda distribution. Now, i need to add environment variable for Java which is just adding the first line. YOU MUST TYPE the first line VERBATIM. JUST the first line. Save and close the TextEdit. Then close the terminal. Open the terminal again. Let's check if the environment variable is set up.

步骤1:打开~/.bash_profile

现在打开一个文本编辑器:

Step2:变量名应为大写。本例中的变量为NODE_ENV

步骤3:导出NODE_ENV=development

保存并关闭。

重新启动系统。

完成了。

查看env变量:打开终端并输入

echo $NODE_ENV