据我所知…

你的困难似乎在于决定你所听到的是否可信，当你试图评估这个网站上的回复时，这个困难将会重复。

你将如何判断人们在这里所说的比你最初听到的更可信还是更不可信?

一种方法是要求提供证据。

当有人声称“在某些领域c#被证明比c++快”时，问他们为什么这么说，让他们给你看测量结果，让他们给你看程序。有时他们只是犯了一个错误。有时你会发现他们只是在表达一种观点，而不是分享一些他们可以证明是正确的事情。

通常情况下，信息和观点会混淆在人们的说法中，你必须试着分清哪个是哪个。例如，从这个论坛的回复中:

"Take the benchmarks at http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/ with a great deal of scepticism, as these largely test arithmetic code, which is most likely not similar to your code at all." Ask yourself if you really understand what "these largely test arithmetic code" means, and then ask yourself if the author has actually shown you that his claim is true. "That's a rather useless test, since it really depends on how well the individual programs have been optimized; I've managed to speed up some of them by 4-6 times or more, making it clear that the comparison between unoptimized programs is rather silly." Ask yourself whether the author has actually shown you that he's managed to "speed up some of them by 4-6 times or more" - it's an easy claim to make!

在一个特殊的场景中，c++仍然占据上风(并且将在未来几年占据上风)，即可以在编译时预先确定多态决策。

通常，封装和延迟决策是一件好事，因为它使代码更加动态，更容易适应不断变化的需求，并且更容易作为框架使用。这就是为什么在c#中面向对象编程是非常高效的，并且它可以在术语“泛化”下泛化。不幸的是，这种特殊的泛化在运行时是有代价的。

Usually, this cost is non-substantial but there are applications where the overhead of virtual method calls and object creation can make a difference (especially since virtual methods prevent other optimizations such as method call inlining). This is where C++ has a huge advantage because you can use templates to achieve a different kind of generalization which has no impact on runtime but isn't necessarily any less polymorphic than OOP. In fact, all of the mechanisms that constitute OOP can be modelled using only template techniques and compile-time resolution.

在这种情况下(不可否认，它们通常局限于特殊的问题领域)，c++胜过c#和类似的语言。

通常，这取决于应用程序。在某些情况下，c#可能慢得可以忽略不计，而在其他情况下，c++要快5到10倍，特别是在操作可以轻松SIMD的情况下。

如果我没记错的话，c#模板是在运行时确定的。这肯定比c++的编译时模板慢。

当你考虑到很多人提到的所有其他编译时优化，以及安全性的缺失，确实意味着更高的速度……

我想说，就原始速度和最小内存消耗而言，c++是显而易见的选择。但这也转化为更多的时间来开发代码，并确保您不会泄漏内存或导致任何空指针异常。

结论:

c#:更快的开发，更慢的运行 c++:开发慢，运行快。

C/ c++在有大型数组或数组(任何大小)上的大量循环/迭代的程序中可以表现得更好。这就是为什么在C/ c++中图形化通常要快得多，因为几乎所有的图形化操作都基于繁重的数组操作。net在数组索引操作中是出了名的慢，这是由于所有的安全检查，这对于多维数组尤其如此(是的，矩形c#数组甚至比锯齿形c#数组还要慢)。

The bonuses of C/C++ are most pronounced if you stick directly with pointers and avoid Boost, std::vector and other high-level containers, as well as inline every small function possible. Use old-school arrays whenever possible. Yes, you will need more lines of code to accomplish the same thing you did in Java or C# as you avoid high-level containers. If you need a dynamically sized array, you will just need to remember to pair your new T[] with a corresponding delete[] statement (or use std::unique_ptr)—the price for the extra speed is that you must code more carefully. But in exchange, you get to rid yourself of the overhead of managed memory / garbage collector, which can easily be 20% or more of the execution time of heavily object-oriented programs in both Java and .NET, as well as those massive managed memory array indexing costs. C++ apps can also benefit from some nifty compiler switches in certain specific cases.

I am an expert programmer in C, C++, Java, and C#. I recently had the rare occasion to implement the exact same algorithmic program in the latter 3 languages. The program had a lot of math and multi-dimensional array operations. I heavily optimized this in all 3 languages. The results were typical of what I normally see in less rigorous comparisons: Java was about 1.3x faster than C# (most JVMs are more optimized than the CLR), and the C++ raw pointer version came in about 2.1x faster than C#. Note that the C# program only used safe code—it is my opinion that you might as well code it in C++ before using the unsafe keyword.

Lest anyone think I have something against C#, I will close by saying that C# is probably my favorite language. It is the most logical, intuitive and rapid development language I've encountered so far. I do all my prototyping in C#. The C# language has many small, subtle advantages over Java (yes, I know Microsoft had the chance to fix many of Java's shortcomings by entering the game late and arguably copying Java). Toast to Java's Calendar class anyone? If Microsoft ever spends real effort to optimize the CLR and the .NET JITter, C# could seriously take over. I'm honestly surprised they haven't already—they did so many things right in the C# language, why not follow it up with heavy-hitting compiler optimizations? Maybe if we all beg.

我已经在c++和c#等效中测试了vector - List和简单的2d数组。

我使用Visual c# / c++ 2010 Express版本。这两个项目都是简单的控制台应用程序，我在标准(没有自定义设置)发布和调试模式下对它们进行了测试。 c#列表在我的电脑上运行得更快，c#中的数组初始化也更快，数学运算更慢。

我使用英特尔Core2Duo P8600@2.4GHz, c# - . net 4.0。

我知道向量实现不同于c#列表，但我只是想测试我将用于存储我的对象的集合(并能够使用索引访问器)。

当然，您需要清除内存(比如每次使用new时)，但我希望保持代码简单。

c++矢量测试:

static void TestVector()
{
    clock_t start,finish;
    start=clock();
    vector<vector<double>> myList=vector<vector<double>>();
    int i=0;
    for( i=0; i<500; i++)
    {
        myList.push_back(vector<double>());
        for(int j=0;j<50000;j++)
            myList[i].push_back(j+i);
    }
    finish=clock();
    cout<<(finish-start)<<endl;
    cout<<(double(finish - start)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
}

c#列表测试:

private static void TestVector()
{

    DateTime t1 = System.DateTime.Now;
    List<List<double>> myList = new List<List<double>>();
    int i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < 500; i++)
    {
        myList.Add(new List<double>());
        for (int j = 0; j < 50000; j++)
            myList[i].Add(j *i);
    }
    DateTime t2 = System.DateTime.Now;
    Console.WriteLine(t2 - t1);
}

c++ -数组：

static void TestArray()
{
    cout << "Normal array test:" << endl;
    const int rows = 5000;
    const int columns = 9000;
    clock_t start, finish;

    start = clock();
    double** arr = new double*[rows];
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
        arr[i] = new double[columns];
    finish = clock();

    cout << (finish - start) << endl;

    start = clock();
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++)
            arr[i][j] = i * j;
    finish = clock();

    cout << (finish - start) << endl;
}

c# -数组:

private static void TestArray()
{
    const int rows = 5000;
    const int columns = 9000;
    DateTime t1 = System.DateTime.Now;
    double[][] arr = new double[rows][];
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
        arr[i] = new double[columns];
    DateTime t2 = System.DateTime.Now;

    Console.WriteLine(t2 - t1);

    t1 = System.DateTime.Now;
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++)
            arr[i][j] = i * j;
    t2 = System.DateTime.Now;

    Console.WriteLine(t2 - t1);

}

时间:(发布/调试)

C++

600 / 606 ms array init 200 / 270毫秒阵列填充， 1秒/13秒矢量初始化和填充。

(是的，13秒，我总是在调试模式下遇到列表/向量的问题。)

C#:

20 / 20 ms数组初始化 403 / 440毫秒阵列填充， 710 / 742 ms列表初始化和填充。