You can do it portably using SDL (the Simple DirectMedia Library), though I suspect you may not like its behavior. When I tried it, I had to have SDL create a new video window (even though I didn't need it for my program) and have this window "grab" almost all keyboard and mouse input (which was okay for my usage but could be annoying or unworkable in other situations). I suspect it's overkill and not worth it unless complete portability is a must--otherwise try one of the other suggested solutions.

顺便说一下，这将分别提供按键和释放事件，如果你喜欢的话。

我总是想要一个循环读取我的输入而不按返回键。 这对我很管用。

#include<stdio.h>
 main()
 {
   char ch;
    system("stty raw");//seting the terminal in raw mode
    while(1)
     {
     ch=getchar();
      if(ch=='~'){          //terminate or come out of raw mode on "~" pressed
      system("stty cooked");
     //while(1);//you may still run the code 
     exit(0); //or terminate
     }
       printf("you pressed %c\n ",ch);  //write rest code here
      }

    }

Ncurses提供了一个很好的方法来做到这一点! 这也是我的第一篇文章(我记得)，所以欢迎任何评论。我会欣赏有用的，但都是受欢迎的!

编译： g++ -std=c++11 -pthread -lncurses .cpp -o

#include <iostream>
#include <ncurses.h>
#include <future>

char get_keyboard_input();

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    initscr();
    raw();
    noecho();
    keypad(stdscr,true);

    auto f = std::async(std::launch::async, get_keyboard_input);
    while (f.wait_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(20)) != std::future_status::ready)
    {
        // do some work
    }

    endwin();
    std::cout << "returned: " << f.get() << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

char get_keyboard_input()
{
    char input = '0';
    while(input != 'q')
    {
        input = getch();
    }
    return input;
}

适用于我的windows:

#include <conio.h>
char c = _getch();

我在另一个论坛上发现了这个，当时我想解决同样的问题。根据我的发现，我做了一些修改。效果很好。我运行的是OS X，所以如果你运行的是微软，你需要找到正确的system()命令来切换到raw和cooked模式。

#include <iostream> 
#include <stdio.h>  
using namespace std;  

int main() { 
  // Output prompt 
  cout << "Press any key to continue..." << endl; 

  // Set terminal to raw mode 
  system("stty raw"); 

  // Wait for single character 
  char input = getchar(); 

  // Echo input:
  cout << "--" << input << "--";

  // Reset terminal to normal "cooked" mode 
  system("stty cooked"); 

  // And we're out of here 
  return 0; 
}

下面是一个不向系统提供外壳的版本(在macOS 10.14上编写和测试)

#include <unistd.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

char* getStr( char* buffer , int maxRead ) {
  int  numRead  = 0;
  char ch;

  struct termios old = {0};
  struct termios new = {0};
  if( tcgetattr( 0 , &old ) < 0 )        perror( "tcgetattr() old settings" );
  if( tcgetattr( 0 , &new ) < 0 )        perror( "tcgetaart() new settings" );
  cfmakeraw( &new );
  if( tcsetattr( 0 , TCSADRAIN , &new ) < 0 ) perror( "tcssetattr makeraw new" );

  for( int i = 0 ; i < maxRead ; i++)  {
    ch = getchar();
    switch( ch )  {
      case EOF: 
      case '\n':
      case '\r':
        goto exit_getStr;
        break;

      default:
        printf( "%1c" , ch );
        buffer[ numRead++ ] = ch;
        if( numRead >= maxRead )  {
          goto exit_getStr;
        }
        break;
    }
  }

exit_getStr:
  if( tcsetattr( 0 , TCSADRAIN , &old) < 0)   perror ("tcsetattr reset to old" );
  printf( "\n" );   
  return buffer;
}


int main( void ) 
{
  const int maxChars = 20;
  char      stringBuffer[ maxChars+1 ];
  memset(   stringBuffer , 0 , maxChars+1 ); // initialize to 0

  printf( "enter a string: ");
  getStr( stringBuffer , maxChars );
  printf( "you entered: [%s]\n" , stringBuffer );
}