I have to read a lot of code for my job. Missing final on instance variables is one of the top things to annoy me and makes understanding the code unnecessarily difficult. For my money, final on local variables causes more clutter than clarity. The language should have been designed to make that the default, but we have to live with the mistake. Sometimes it is useful particularly with loops and definite assignment with an if-else tree, but mostly it tends to indicate your method is too complicated.

我将它用于方法内部和外部的常量。

我有时只将它用于方法，因为我不知道子类是否不想覆盖给定的方法(无论出于什么原因)。

至于类，我只对一些基础类使用了final类。

IntelliJ IDEA会在函数参数被写入函数内部时发出警告。我已经停止使用final作为函数参数了。我在java运行库中也没有看到它们。

为:

Final fields - Marking fields as final forces them to be set by end of construction, making that field reference immutable. This allows safe publication of fields and can avoid the need for synchronization on later reads. (Note that for an object reference, only the field reference is immutable - things that object reference refers to can still change and that affects the immutability.) Final static fields - Although I use enums now for many of the cases where I used to use static final fields.

考虑但审慎地使用:

最终类——框架/API设计是我唯一考虑的情况。 Final方法——基本上与Final类相同。如果你疯狂地使用模板方法模式，并把东西标记为final，你可能太依赖继承而不是委托。

忽略，除非感觉肛门:

Method parameters and local variables - I RARELY do this largely because I'm lazy and I find it clutters the code. I will fully admit that marking parameters and local variables that I'm not going to modify is "righter". I wish it was the default. But it isn't and I find the code more difficult to understand with finals all over. If I'm in someone else's code, I'm not going to pull them out but if I'm writing new code I won't put them in. One exception is the case where you have to mark something final so you can access it from within an anonymous inner class.

对于争论，我认为不需要。大多数情况下，它们只会损害可读性。重新分配一个参数变量是如此疯狂的愚蠢，我应该相当有信心，他们可以被视为常量。

Eclipse将最终结果显示为红色，这使得在代码中更容易发现变量声明，我认为这在大多数情况下提高了可读性。

我试图强制执行规则，任何和所有变量都应该是最终的，没有一个非常有效的理由不这样做。如果你只需要找到初始化并确信这就是初始化，那么回答“这个变量是什么?”的问题就容易得多了。

实际上，我现在对非最终变量相当紧张。这就像把刀挂在你的头上，还是把它放在厨房抽屉里的区别……

final变量是标记值的好方法。

一个非最终变量被绑定到一些容易出错的算法的一部分。

一个很好的特性是，当一个算法无法选择使用变量时，大多数情况下解决方案是编写一个方法，这通常会显著改善代码。

Even for local variables, knowing that it is declared final means that I don't need to worry about the reference being changed later on. This means that when debugging and I see that variable later on, I am confident that it is referring to the same object. That is one less thing I need to worry about when looking for a bug. A bonus is that if 99% of variables are declared final, then the few variables which really are variable stand out better. Also, the final lets the compiler find some more possible stupid mistakes that might otherwise go unnoticed.

强烈鼓励使用final作为常量。但是，我不会将它用于方法或类(或者至少考虑一下)，因为它使测试更加困难，如果不是不可能的话。如果一定要让一个类或方法成为final，请确保这个类实现了一些接口，这样就可以让一个模拟实现相同的接口。