I have to read a lot of code for my job. Missing final on instance variables is one of the top things to annoy me and makes understanding the code unnecessarily difficult. For my money, final on local variables causes more clutter than clarity. The language should have been designed to make that the default, but we have to live with the mistake. Sometimes it is useful particularly with loops and definite assignment with an if-else tree, but mostly it tends to indicate your method is too complicated.

I have to read a lot of code for my job. Missing final on instance variables is one of the top things to annoy me and makes understanding the code unnecessarily difficult. For my money, final on local variables causes more clutter than clarity. The language should have been designed to make that the default, but we have to live with the mistake. Sometimes it is useful particularly with loops and definite assignment with an if-else tree, but mostly it tends to indicate your method is too complicated.

Even for local variables, knowing that it is declared final means that I don't need to worry about the reference being changed later on. This means that when debugging and I see that variable later on, I am confident that it is referring to the same object. That is one less thing I need to worry about when looking for a bug. A bonus is that if 99% of variables are declared final, then the few variables which really are variable stand out better. Also, the final lets the compiler find some more possible stupid mistakes that might otherwise go unnoticed.

为:

Final fields - Marking fields as final forces them to be set by end of construction, making that field reference immutable. This allows safe publication of fields and can avoid the need for synchronization on later reads. (Note that for an object reference, only the field reference is immutable - things that object reference refers to can still change and that affects the immutability.) Final static fields - Although I use enums now for many of the cases where I used to use static final fields.

考虑但审慎地使用:

最终类——框架/API设计是我唯一考虑的情况。 Final方法——基本上与Final类相同。如果你疯狂地使用模板方法模式，并把东西标记为final，你可能太依赖继承而不是委托。

忽略，除非感觉肛门:

Method parameters and local variables - I RARELY do this largely because I'm lazy and I find it clutters the code. I will fully admit that marking parameters and local variables that I'm not going to modify is "righter". I wish it was the default. But it isn't and I find the code more difficult to understand with finals all over. If I'm in someone else's code, I'm not going to pull them out but if I'm writing new code I won't put them in. One exception is the case where you have to mark something final so you can access it from within an anonymous inner class.

我从不在局部变量上使用它们，没有什么意义。即使您不认为变量应该被重新赋值，这对于下一个改变代码的人来说也没有什么区别，而且由于代码正在被更改，任何使其最终的原始目的都可能不再有效。如果只是为了清晰，我认为它失败了，因为冗长的负面影响。

对于成员变量也是如此，因为它们提供的好处很少，除了常量的情况。

它也与不可变无关，因为不可变的最好指标是它被这样记录并且/或没有可以改变对象的方法(这与使类为final是保证它是不可变的唯一方法)。

但是，嘿，这只是我的观点:-)

当在Java中与变量一起使用时，Final提供了c++中常量的替代品。所以当final和static被用于一个变量时，它就变成了不可变的。同时让迁移的c++程序员非常开心;-)

当与引用变量一起使用时，它不允许您重新引用对象，尽管对象可以被操作。

当final与方法一起使用时，它不允许子类重写该方法。

一旦用法非常清楚，就应该谨慎使用。这主要取决于设计，因为在方法上使用final不利于多态性。

只有当你非常确定变量的值不会/不应该被改变时，才应该将它用于变量。还要确保您遵循SUN鼓励的编码约定。int COLOR_RED = 1;(大写字母以下划线分隔)

对于引用变量，只在需要对特定对象的不可变引用时使用它。

关于可读性部分，在使用最终修饰语时，注释起着非常重要的作用。