Even for local variables, knowing that it is declared final means that I don't need to worry about the reference being changed later on. This means that when debugging and I see that variable later on, I am confident that it is referring to the same object. That is one less thing I need to worry about when looking for a bug. A bonus is that if 99% of variables are declared final, then the few variables which really are variable stand out better. Also, the final lets the compiler find some more possible stupid mistakes that might otherwise go unnoticed.

将类标记为final还可以使一些方法绑定发生在编译时而不是运行时。 考虑下面的“v2.foo()”——编译器知道B不能有子类，所以foo()不能被重写，所以要调用的实现在编译时是已知的。如果类B没有被标记为final，那么v2的实际类型可能是某个扩展B并重写foo()的类。

class A {
    void foo() {
        //do something
    }
}
final class B extends A {
    void foo() {
    }
}
class Test {
    public void t(A v1, B v2) {
        v1.foo();
        v2.foo();
    }
}

为:

Final fields - Marking fields as final forces them to be set by end of construction, making that field reference immutable. This allows safe publication of fields and can avoid the need for synchronization on later reads. (Note that for an object reference, only the field reference is immutable - things that object reference refers to can still change and that affects the immutability.) Final static fields - Although I use enums now for many of the cases where I used to use static final fields.

考虑但审慎地使用:

最终类——框架/API设计是我唯一考虑的情况。 Final方法——基本上与Final类相同。如果你疯狂地使用模板方法模式，并把东西标记为final，你可能太依赖继承而不是委托。

忽略，除非感觉肛门:

Method parameters and local variables - I RARELY do this largely because I'm lazy and I find it clutters the code. I will fully admit that marking parameters and local variables that I'm not going to modify is "righter". I wish it was the default. But it isn't and I find the code more difficult to understand with finals all over. If I'm in someone else's code, I'm not going to pull them out but if I'm writing new code I won't put them in. One exception is the case where you have to mark something final so you can access it from within an anonymous inner class.

我认为这一切都与良好的编码风格有关。当然，你可以编写出好的、健壮的程序，而不需要在任何地方使用大量的最终修饰符，但当你考虑到……

将final添加到所有不应该更改的内容中，只会减少您(或下一个编写代码的程序员)误解或误用导致代码生成的思维过程的可能性。至少当他们现在想要改变你以前不变的东西时，它应该敲响一些警钟。

一开始，在你的代码中看到很多最终的关键字看起来有点尴尬，但很快你就会不再注意这个词本身，只会简单地想，从现在开始，这个东西永远不会改变(你可以从我这里得到;-)

我认为这是很好的练习。我并不是一直都在用它，但当我可以并且有意义的时候，我就会这样做。

另一个注意事项是，许多人将final混淆为实例变量的内容不能更改，而不是引用不能更改。

我很少在方法或类上使用final，因为我喜欢允许人们重写它们。

否则，我只使用finally如果它是一个公共/私有静态最终类型SOME_CONSTANT;