你可以随意命名你的include。

只需要在#include中指定全名。

我建议你使用C语言时使用.h，使用c++时使用.hpp。

它最终只是一种惯例。

Codegear c++ Builder使用.hpp作为从Delphi源文件自动生成的头文件，使用.h文件作为“自己的”头文件。

所以，当我写一个c++头文件时，我总是使用.h。

我最近开始在c++头文件中使用*.hpp。

原因是我使用emacs作为我的主编辑器，当你加载一个*.h文件时，它会自动进入c模式，当你加载一个*.hpp文件时，它会自动进入c++模式。

除此之外，我没有看到选择*.h而不是*.hpp或相反的理由。

c++ ("C Plus Plus")作为.cpp是有意义的

扩展名为.hpp的头文件没有相同的逻辑流。

There is no advantage to any particular extension, other than that one may have a different meaning to you, the compiler, and/or your tools. header.h is a valid header. header.hpp is a valid header. header.hh is a valid header. header.hx is a valid header. h.header is a valid header. this.is.not.a.valid.header is a valid header in denial. ihjkflajfajfklaf is a valid header. As long as the name can be parsed properly by the compiler, and the file system supports it, it's a valid header, and the only advantage to its extension is what one reads into it.

话虽如此，能够基于扩展准确地做出假设是非常有用的，因此对于头文件使用一组易于理解的规则将是明智的。就我个人而言，我更喜欢这样做:

If there are already any established guidelines, follow them to prevent confusion. If all source files in the project are for the same language, use .h. There's no ambiguity. If some headers are compatible with multiple languages, while others are only compatible with a single language, extensions are based on the most restrictive language that a header is compatible with. A header compatible with C, or with both C & C++, gets .h, while a header compatible with C++ but not C gets .hpp or .hh or something of the sort.

This, of course, is but one of many ways to handle extensions, and you can't necessarily trust your first impression even if things seem straightforward. For example, I've seen mention of using .h for normal headers, and .tpp for headers that only contain definitions for templated class member functions, with .h files that define templated classes including the .tpp files that define their member functions (instead of the .h header directly containing both the function declaration and the definition). For another example, a good many people always reflect the header's language in its extension, even when there's no chance of ambiguity; to them, .h is always a C header and .hpp (or .hh, or .hxx, etc.) is always a C++ header. And yet again, some people use .h for "header associated with a source file" and .hpp for "header with all functions defined inline".

考虑到这一点，主要的优势在于始终以相同的风格命名你的头文件，并使这种风格对任何检查你的代码的人来说都很明显。这样，任何熟悉您通常的编码风格的人都可以粗略地看一下，就可以确定您对任何给定扩展的意思。

我更喜欢用.hpp作为c++头文件，这样可以让编辑器和其他程序员清楚地知道它是c++头文件，而不是C头文件。