使用生命周期范围会更容易。内部活动或片段。

 lifecycleScope.launch {
     delay(2000)
     // Do your stuff
 }

或者使用处理器

        Handler(Looper.myLooper()!!)

如果你想避免在Kotlin (?或者!!)你可以使用loop . getmainlooper()如果你的Handler正在处理一些UI相关的事情，像这样:

Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).postDelayed({
   Toast.makeText(this@MainActivity, "LOOPER", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}, 3000)

注意:如果使用fragment，请使用requireContext()而不是this@MainActivity。

使用生命周期范围会更容易。内部活动或片段。

 lifecycleScope.launch {
     delay(2000)
     // Do your stuff
 }

或者使用处理器

        Handler(Looper.myLooper()!!)

从API级别30开始，有2个构造函数已弃用。

处理程序() 处理程序(Handler.Callback)

谷歌解释了以下原因。

Implicitly choosing a Looper during Handler construction can lead to bugs where operations are silently lost (if the Handler is not expecting new tasks and quits), crashes (if a handler is sometimes created on a thread without a Looper active), or race conditions, where the thread a handler is associated with is not what the author anticipated. Instead, use an Executor or specify the Looper explicitly, using Looper#getMainLooper, {link android.view.View#getHandler}, or similar. If the implicit thread local behavior is required for compatibility, use new Handler(Looper.myLooper(), callback) to make it clear to readers.

解决方案1:使用Executor

1. 执行主线程中的代码。

Java

// Create an executor that executes tasks in the main thread. 
Executor mainExecutor = ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this);

// Execute a task in the main thread
mainExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // You code logic goes here.
    }
});

科特林

// Create an executor that executes tasks in the main thread.
val mainExecutor = ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this)

// Execute a task in the main thread
mainExecutor.execute {
    // You code logic goes here.
}

2. 在后台线程中执行代码

Java

// Create an executor that executes tasks in a background thread.
ScheduledExecutorService backgroundExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();

// Execute a task in the background thread.
backgroundExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // Your code logic goes here.
    }
});

// Execute a task in the background thread after 3 seconds.
backgroundExecutor.schedule(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // Your code logic goes here
    }
}, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

科特林

// Create an executor that executes tasks in a background thread.
val backgroundExecutor: ScheduledExecutorService = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor()

// Execute a task in the background thread.
backgroundExecutor.execute {
    // Your code logic goes here.
}

// Execute a task in the background thread after 3 seconds.
backgroundExecutor.schedule({
    // Your code logic goes here
}, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS)

注意:使用后记得关闭执行程序。

backgroundExecutor.shutdown(); // or backgroundExecutor.shutdownNow();

3.在后台线程中执行代码，在主线程中更新UI。

Java

// Create an executor that executes tasks in the main thread. 
Executor mainExecutor = ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this);

// Create an executor that executes tasks in a background thread.
ScheduledExecutorService backgroundExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();

// Execute a task in the background thread.
backgroundExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // Your code logic goes here.
        
        // Update UI on the main thread
        mainExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // You code logic goes here.
            }
        });
    }
});

科特林

// Create an executor that executes tasks in the main thread. 
val mainExecutor: Executor = ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this)

// Create an executor that executes tasks in a background thread.
val backgroundExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor()

// Execute a task in the background thread.
backgroundExecutor.execute {
    // Your code logic goes here.

    // Update UI on the main thread
    mainExecutor.execute {
        // You code logic goes here.
    }
}

解决方案2:通过使用以下构造函数之一显式地指定一个Looper。

处理器(是我) 处理器(卢珀指导员回调)。

1. 执行主线程中的代码

1.1. Handler with a Looper

Java

Handler mainHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());

科特林

val mainHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())

1.2带有循环程序和处理程序的处理程序。回调

Java

Handler mainHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper(), new Handler.Callback() {
    @Override
    public boolean handleMessage(@NonNull Message message) {
        // Your code logic goes here.
        return true;
    }
});

科特林

val mainHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper(), Handler.Callback {
    // Your code logic goes here.
    true
})

2. 在后台线程中执行代码

2.1. Handler with a Looper

Java

// Create a background thread that has a Looper
HandlerThread handlerThread = new HandlerThread("HandlerThread");
handlerThread.start();

// Create a handler to execute tasks in the background thread.
Handler backgroundHandler = new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper()); 

科特林

// Create a background thread that has a Looper
val handlerThread = HandlerThread("HandlerThread")
handlerThread.start()


// Create a handler to execute tasks in the background thread.
val backgroundHandler = Handler(handlerThread.looper)

2.2. Handler with一个Looper和一个Handler。回调

Java

// Create a background thread that has a Looper
HandlerThread handlerThread = new HandlerThread("HandlerThread");
handlerThread.start();

// Create a handler to execute taks in the background thread.
Handler backgroundHandler = new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper(), new Handler.Callback() {
    @Override
    public boolean handleMessage(@NonNull Message message) {
        // Your code logic goes here.
        return true;
    }
});

科特林

// Create a background thread that has a Looper
val handlerThread = HandlerThread("HandlerThread")
handlerThread.start()


// Create a handler to execute taks in the background thread.
val backgroundHandler = Handler(handlerThread.looper, Handler.Callback {
    // Your code logic goes here.
    true
})

注意:使用后记得释放线程。

handlerThread.quit(); // or handlerThread.quitSafely();

3.在后台线程中执行代码，在主线程中更新UI。

Java

// Create a handler to execute code in the main thread
Handler mainHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());

// Create a background thread that has a Looper
HandlerThread handlerThread = new HandlerThread("HandlerThread");
handlerThread.start();

// Create a handler to execute in the background thread
Handler backgroundHandler = new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper(), new Handler.Callback() {
    @Override
    public boolean handleMessage(@NonNull Message message) {
        // Your code logic goes here.
        
        // Update UI on the main thread.
        mainHandler.post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                
            }
        });
        
        return true;
    }
});

科特林

// Create a handler to execute code in the main thread
val mainHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())

// Create a background thread that has a Looper
val handlerThread = HandlerThread("HandlerThread")
handlerThread.start()

// Create a handler to execute in the background thread
val backgroundHandler = Handler(handlerThread.looper, Handler.Callback {
    // Your code logic goes here.

    // Update UI on the main thread.
    mainHandler.post {
        
    }
    true
})

如果你使用变量作为处理程序和可运行的，然后像这样使用它。

private Handler handler;
private Runnable runnable;

handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
    handler.postDelayed(runnable = () -> {
        // Do delayed stuff here
         handler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);
    }, delay);

你还需要删除onDestroy()中的回调

@Override
public void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    if (handler != null) {
        handler.removeCallbacks(runnable);
    }
}

Handler()和Handler(Handler.)回调回调)构造函数已弃用。因为这可能会导致bug和崩溃。显式使用Executor或Looper。

对于Java

Handler handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
handler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
  @Override
  public void run() {
    //do your work here
   }
}, 1000);