要获取完整信息：列名、表名以及表的架构。。

SELECT COLUMN_NAME, TABLE_NAME, TABLE_SCHEMA
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS 
WHERE COLUMN_NAME LIKE '%col_Name%'

这应该是有效的：

SELECT name 
FROM sysobjects 
WHERE id IN ( SELECT id 
              FROM syscolumns 
              WHERE name like '%column_name%' )

搜索表：

SELECT      c.name  AS 'ColumnName'
            ,t.name AS 'TableName'
FROM        sys.columns c
JOIN        sys.tables  t   ON c.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE       c.name LIKE '%MyName%'
ORDER BY    TableName
            ,ColumnName;

搜索表和视图：

SELECT      COLUMN_NAME AS 'ColumnName'
            ,TABLE_NAME AS  'TableName'
FROM        INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE       COLUMN_NAME LIKE '%MyName%'
ORDER BY    TableName
            ,ColumnName;

如果你更喜欢第三方工具，有很多选择，比如：

ApexSQL搜索SSMS工具包红门工具。

如果您的数据库包含加密对象（视图、过程、函数），则这些对象非常有用，因为您无法使用系统表轻松搜索这些对象。

为了改进上面的答案，我还包括了视图，并将模式和表/视图连接在一起，使结果更加明显。

DECLARE @COLUMNNAME AS VARCHAR(100);

SET @COLUMNNAME = '%Absence%';

SELECT CASE
           WHEN [T].[NAME] IS NULL
           THEN 'View'
           WHEN [T].[NAME] = ''
           THEN 'View'
           ELSE 'Table'
       END AS [TYPE], '[' + [S].[NAME] + '].' + '[' + CASE
                                                          WHEN [T].[NAME] IS NULL
                                                          THEN [V].[NAME]
                                                          WHEN [T].[NAME] = ''
                                                          THEN [V].[NAME]
                                                          ELSE [T].[NAME]
                                                      END + ']' AS [TABLE], [C].[NAME] AS [COLUMN]
FROM [SYS].[SCHEMAS] AS [S] LEFT JOIN [SYS].[TABLES] AS [T] ON [S].SCHEMA_ID = [T].SCHEMA_ID
                            LEFT JOIN [SYS].[VIEWS] AS [V] ON [S].SCHEMA_ID = [V].SCHEMA_ID
                            INNER JOIN [SYS].[COLUMNS] AS [C] ON [T].OBJECT_ID = [C].OBJECT_ID
                                                                 OR
                                                                 [V].OBJECT_ID = [C].OBJECT_ID
                            INNER JOIN [SYS].[TYPES] AS [TY] ON [C].[SYSTEM_TYPE_ID] = [TY].[SYSTEM_TYPE_ID]
WHERE [C].[NAME] LIKE @COLUMNNAME
GROUP BY '[' + [S].[NAME] + '].' + '[' + CASE
                                             WHEN [T].[NAME] IS NULL
                                             THEN [V].[NAME]
                                             WHEN [T].[NAME] = ''
                                             THEN [V].[NAME]
                                             ELSE [T].[NAME]
                                         END + ']', [T].[NAME], [C].[NAME], [S].[NAME]
ORDER BY '[' + [S].[NAME] + '].' + '[' + CASE
                                             WHEN [T].[NAME] IS NULL
                                             THEN [V].[NAME]
                                             WHEN [T].[NAME] = ''
                                             THEN [V].[NAME]
                                             ELSE [T].[NAME]
                                         END + ']', CASE
                                                        WHEN [T].[NAME] IS NULL
                                                        THEN 'View'
                                                        WHEN [T].[NAME] = ''
                                                        THEN 'View'
                                                        ELSE 'Table'
                                                    END, [T].[NAME], [C].[NAME];

SELECT COLUMN_NAME, TABLE_NAME
  FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS    
 WHERE COLUMN_NAME LIKE '%myName%'