Python 3

urllib.request.urlopen 进口urllib.request Response = urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.example.com/') HTML = response.read() urllib.request.urlretrieve 进口urllib.request urllib.request.urlretrieve (' http://www.example.com/songs/mp3.mp3 ', ' mp3.mp3 ') 注意:根据文档，urllib.request.urlretrieve是一个“遗留接口”，并且“在未来可能会被弃用”(感谢gerrit)

Python 2

urllib2。urlopen(谢谢科里) 进口urllib2 Response = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.example.com/') HTML = response.read() urllib。urlretrieve(感谢PabloG) 进口urllib urllib.urlretrieve (' http://www.example.com/songs/mp3.mp3 ', ' mp3.mp3 ')

使用urllib.request.urlopen ():

import urllib.request
with urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.example.com/') as f:
    html = f.read().decode('utf-8')

这是使用库的最基本的方法，没有任何错误处理。您还可以执行更复杂的操作，例如更改头文件。

在Python 2中，该方法在urllib2中:

import urllib2
response = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.example.com/')
html = response.read()

为了这个目的，用纯Python编写了wget库。从2.0版开始，它就为urlretrieve注入了这些特性。

Urlretrieve和请求。得到的都很简单，然而现实却不。 我已经为两个站点提取了数据，包括文本和图像，以上两个可能解决了大部分任务。但如果想要更通用的解决方案，我建议使用urlopen。由于它包含在Python 3标准库中，您的代码可以在任何运行Python 3的机器上运行，而无需预先安装site-package

import urllib.request
url_request = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=headers)
url_connect = urllib.request.urlopen(url_request)

#remember to open file in bytes mode
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
    while True:
        buffer = url_connect.read(buffer_size)
        if not buffer: break

        #an integer value of size of written data
        data_wrote = f.write(buffer)

#you could probably use with-open-as manner
url_connect.close()

当使用Python通过HTTP下载文件时，这个答案提供了HTTP 403禁止的解决方案。我只尝试了请求和urllib模块，其他模块可能会提供更好的东西，但这是我用来解决大多数问题的一个。

Python 2/3的PabloG代码的改进版本:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import ( division, absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals )

import sys, os, tempfile, logging

if sys.version_info >= (3,):
    import urllib.request as urllib2
    import urllib.parse as urlparse
else:
    import urllib2
    import urlparse

def download_file(url, dest=None):
    """ 
    Download and save a file specified by url to dest directory,
    """
    u = urllib2.urlopen(url)

    scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urlparse.urlsplit(url)
    filename = os.path.basename(path)
    if not filename:
        filename = 'downloaded.file'
    if dest:
        filename = os.path.join(dest, filename)

    with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
        meta = u.info()
        meta_func = meta.getheaders if hasattr(meta, 'getheaders') else meta.get_all
        meta_length = meta_func("Content-Length")
        file_size = None
        if meta_length:
            file_size = int(meta_length[0])
        print("Downloading: {0} Bytes: {1}".format(url, file_size))

        file_size_dl = 0
        block_sz = 8192
        while True:
            buffer = u.read(block_sz)
            if not buffer:
                break

            file_size_dl += len(buffer)
            f.write(buffer)

            status = "{0:16}".format(file_size_dl)
            if file_size:
                status += "   [{0:6.2f}%]".format(file_size_dl * 100 / file_size)
            status += chr(13)
            print(status, end="")
        print()

    return filename

if __name__ == "__main__":  # Only run if this file is called directly
    print("Testing with 10MB download")
    url = "http://download.thinkbroadband.com/10MB.zip"
    filename = download_file(url)
    print(filename)

你可以在Python 2和3上使用PycURL。

import pycurl

FILE_DEST = 'pycurl.html'
FILE_SRC = 'http://pycurl.io/'

with open(FILE_DEST, 'wb') as f:
    c = pycurl.Curl()
    c.setopt(c.URL, FILE_SRC)
    c.setopt(c.WRITEDATA, f)
    c.perform()
    c.close()