是的，我知道这个主题之前已经被讨论过了:
Python成语链(扁平化)有限迭代对象的无限迭代? 在Python中扁平化一个浅列表 理解平展一个序列的序列吗? 我如何从列表的列表中创建一个平面列表?
但据我所知，所有的解决方案，除了一个，在像[[[1,2,3]，[4,5]]，6]这样的列表上失败，其中期望的输出是[1,2,3,4,5,6](或者更好，一个迭代器)。
我看到的唯一解决方案，适用于任意嵌套是在这个问题:
def flatten(x):
result = []
for el in x:
if hasattr(el, "__iter__") and not isinstance(el, basestring):
result.extend(flatten(el))
else:
result.append(el)
return result
这是最好的方法吗?我是不是忽略了什么?任何问题吗?
当前回答
我试过不使用任何库来解决它。只需使用两个嵌套函数即可。
def first(list_to_flatten):
a = []
def second(list_to_flatten):
for i in list_to_flatten:
if type(i) is not list:
a.append(i)
else:
list_to_flatten = i
second(list_to_flatten)
second(list_to_flatten)
return a
list_to_flatten = [1, 2, [3, 4, [5, 6, [7, 8, [9, 10]]]]]
a = first(list_to_flatten)
print(a)
>>> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
其他回答
只需使用函数库: PIP安装功能
import funcy
funcy.flatten([[[[1, 1], 1], 2], 3]) # returns generator
funcy.lflatten([[[[1, 1], 1], 2], 3]) # returns list
不使用任何库:
def flat(l):
def _flat(l, r):
if type(l) is not list:
r.append(l)
else:
for i in l:
r = r + flat(i)
return r
return _flat(l, [])
# example
test = [[1], [[2]], [3], [['a','b','c'] , [['z','x','y']], ['d','f','g']], 4]
print flat(test) # prints [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c', 'z', 'x', 'y', 'd', 'f', 'g', 4]
@unutbu的非递归解决方案的生成器版本，由@Andrew在评论中要求:
def genflat(l, ltypes=collections.Sequence):
l = list(l)
i = 0
while i < len(l):
while isinstance(l[i], ltypes):
if not l[i]:
l.pop(i)
i -= 1
break
else:
l[i:i + 1] = l[i]
yield l[i]
i += 1
这个生成器的简化版本:
def genflat(l, ltypes=collections.Sequence):
l = list(l)
while l:
while l and isinstance(l[0], ltypes):
l[0:1] = l[0]
if l: yield l.pop(0)
没有递归或嵌套循环。几行。格式良好，易于阅读:
def flatten_deep(arr: list):
""" Flattens arbitrarily-nested list `arr` into single-dimensional. """
while arr:
if isinstance(arr[0], list): # Checks whether first element is a list
arr = arr[0] + arr[1:] # If so, flattens that first element one level
else:
yield arr.pop(0) # Otherwise yield as part of the flat array
flatten_deep(L)
从我自己的代码https://github.com/jorgeorpinel/flatten_nested_lists/blob/master/flatten.py
用Python 3迭代解决
此解决方案可用于除str和bytes以外的所有对象。
from collections import Iterable
from collections import Iterator
def flat_iter(obj):
stack = [obj]
while stack:
element = stack.pop()
if element and isinstance(element, Iterator):
stack.append(element)
try:
stack.append(next(element))
except StopIteration:
stack.pop()
elif isinstance(element, Iterable) and not isinstance(element, (str, bytes)):
stack.append(iter(element))
else:
yield element
tree_list = [[(1,2,3),(4,5,6, (7,8, 'next element is 5')), (5,6), [[[3,4,5],'foo1'],'foo2'],'foo3']]
not_iterable = 10
it1 = flat_iter(tree_list)
it2 = flat_iter(not_iterable)
print(list(it1))
print(list(it2))
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,下一个元素是5,5,6,3,4,5,‘foo1’,‘foo2’,‘foo3’) [10]
