我试着做一些复杂的事情，但应该是可能的。所以这里有一个对你们所有专家的挑战(这个论坛是由你们很多人组成的:))。
我正在创建一个问卷“组件”，我想加载在一个navigationcontroller(我的QuestionManagerViewController)。“组件”是一个“空的”UIViewController，它可以根据需要回答的问题加载不同的视图。
我的做法是:
Create Question1View object as a UIView subclass, defining some IBOutlets.
Create (using Interface Builder) the Question1View.xib (HERE IS WHERE MY PROBLEM PROBABLY IS). I set both the UIViewController and the UIView to be of class Question1View.
I link the outlets with the view's component (using IB).
I override the initWithNib of my QuestionManagerViewController to look like this:
- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil {
if (self = [super initWithNibName:@"Question1View" bundle:nibBundleOrNil]) {
// Custom initialization
}
return self;
}
当我运行代码时，我得到这个错误:
2009-05-14 15:05:37.152 iMobiDines[17148:20b] ***由于未捕获异常'NSInternalInconsistencyException'而终止应用程序，原因:'-[UIViewController _loadViewFromNibNamed:bundle:] loaded the "Question1View" nib but the view outlet was not set.'
我确信有一种方法可以使用nib文件加载视图，而不需要创建一个viewController类。
这是一件应该比较容易的事情。我最终扩展了UIViewController并添加了一个loadNib:inPlaceholder: selector。现在我可以说
self.mySubview = (MyView *)[self loadNib:@"MyView" inPlaceholder:mySubview];
下面是这个类别的代码(它和Gonso描述的一样):
@interface UIViewController (nibSubviews)
- (UIView *)viewFromNib:(NSString *)nibName;
- (UIView *)loadNib:(NSString *)nibName inPlaceholder:(UIView *)placeholder;
@end
@implementation UIViewController (nibSubviews)
- (UIView *)viewFromNib:(NSString *)nibName
{
NSArray *xib = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:nibName owner:self options:nil];
for (id view in xib) { // have to iterate; index varies
if ([view isKindOfClass:[UIView class]]) return view;
}
return nil;
}
- (UIView *)loadNib:(NSString *)nibName inPlaceholder:(UIView *)placeholder
{
UIView *nibView = [self viewFromNib:nibName];
[nibView setFrame:placeholder.frame];
[self.view insertSubview:nibView aboveSubview:placeholder];
[placeholder removeFromSuperview];
return nibView;
}
@end
我不确定一些答案在谈论什么，但我需要把这个答案放在这里，当我下次在谷歌中搜索时。关键词:“如何从一个nib加载一个UIView”或“如何从一个NSBundle加载一个UIView”
下面的代码几乎100%直接来自Apress Beginning iPhone 3的书籍(第247页，“使用新的表视图单元格”):
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
NSArray *bundle = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:@"Blah"
owner:self options:nil];
Blah *blah;
for (id object in bundle) {
if ([object isKindOfClass:[Blah class]]) {
blah = (Blah *)object;
break;
}
}
assert(blah != nil && "blah can't be nil");
[self.view addSubview: blah];
}
这假设你有一个UIView子类叫Blah，一个nib叫Blah它包含一个UIView它的类设置为Blah。
类别:+ LoadFromNib NSObject
#import "NSObject+LoadFromNib.h"
@implementation NSObject (LoadFromNib)
+ (id)loadFromNib:(NSString *)name classToLoad:(Class)classToLoad {
NSArray *bundle = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:name owner:self options:nil];
for (id object in bundle) {
if ([object isKindOfClass:classToLoad]) {
return object;
}
}
return nil;
}
@end
迅速扩展
extension UIView {
class func loadFromNib<T>(withName nibName: String) -> T? {
let nib = UINib.init(nibName: nibName, bundle: nil)
let nibObjects = nib.instantiate(withOwner: nil, options: nil)
for object in nibObjects {
if let result = object as? T {
return result
}
}
return nil
}
}
还有一个正在使用的例子:
class SomeView: UIView {
class func loadFromNib() -> SomeView? {
return self.loadFromNib(withName: "SomeView")
}
}
你不应该在Interface Builder中将视图控制器的类设置为UIView的子类。这肯定是你的部分问题。保留它为UIViewController，它的子类，或者其他自定义类。
As for loading only a view from a xib, I was under the assumption that you had to have some sort of view controller (even if it doesn't extend UIViewController, which may be too heavyweight for your needs) set as the File's Owner in Interface Builder if you want to use it to define your interface. I did a little research to confirm this as well. This is because otherwise there would be no way to access any of the interface elements in the UIView, nor would there be a way to have your own methods in code be triggered by events.
If you use a UIViewController as your File's Owner for your views, you can just use initWithNibName:bundle: to load it and get the view controller object back. In IB, make sure you set the view outlet to the view with your interface in the xib. If you use some other type of object as your File's Owner, you'll need to use NSBundle's loadNibNamed:owner:options: method to load the nib, passing an instance of File's Owner to the method. All its properties will be set properly according to the outlets you define in IB.
我有一种命名xib的约定，其中的视图与视图相同。和视图控制器一样。这样，我就不必在代码中写出类名了。我从同名的nib文件中加载一个UIView。
一个名为MyView的类的例子。
创建一个名为MyView的nib文件。接口生成器中的xib
在Interface Builder中添加一个UIView。将其类设置为MyView。自定义到你的内心的内容，连接MyView的实例变量到子视图，你可能想以后访问。
在你的代码中，像这样创建一个新的MyView:
MyView * MyView = [MyView nib_viewfromnibwiowner:owner];
这是它的分类:
@implementation UIView (nib)
+ (id) nib_viewFromNib {
return [self nib_viewFromNibWithOwner:nil];
}
+ (id) nib_viewFromNibWithOwner:(id)owner {
NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
NSArray *nib = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:className owner:owner options:nil];
UIView *view = nil;
for(UIView *v in nib) {
if ([v isKindOfClass:[self class]]) {
view = v;
break;
}
}
assert(view != nil && "View for class not found in nib file");
[view nib_viewDidLoad];
return view;
}
// override this to do custom setup
-(void)nib_viewDidLoad {
}
然后，我将连接按钮与我正在使用的控制器的动作，并使用自定义视图子类中的outlet在标签上设置内容。
