我试着做一些复杂的事情,但应该是可能的。所以这里有一个对你们所有专家的挑战(这个论坛是由你们很多人组成的:))。

我正在创建一个问卷“组件”,我想加载在一个navigationcontroller(我的QuestionManagerViewController)。“组件”是一个“空的”UIViewController,它可以根据需要回答的问题加载不同的视图。

我的做法是:

Create Question1View object as a UIView subclass, defining some IBOutlets. Create (using Interface Builder) the Question1View.xib (HERE IS WHERE MY PROBLEM PROBABLY IS). I set both the UIViewController and the UIView to be of class Question1View. I link the outlets with the view's component (using IB). I override the initWithNib of my QuestionManagerViewController to look like this: - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil { if (self = [super initWithNibName:@"Question1View" bundle:nibBundleOrNil]) { // Custom initialization } return self; }

当我运行代码时,我得到这个错误:

2009-05-14 15:05:37.152 iMobiDines[17148:20b] ***由于未捕获异常'NSInternalInconsistencyException'而终止应用程序,原因:'-[UIViewController _loadViewFromNibNamed:bundle:] loaded the "Question1View" nib but the view outlet was not set.'

我确信有一种方法可以使用nib文件加载视图,而不需要创建一个viewController类。


当前回答

我有理由做同样的事情(从XIB文件编程加载一个视图),但我需要完全从一个UIView的子类的子类的上下文(即不涉及视图控制器的任何方式)。为了做到这一点,我创建了这个实用方法:

+ (id) initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibName withSelf:(id)myself {

    NSArray *bundle = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:nibName
                                                    owner:myself options:nil];
    for (id object in bundle) {
        if ([object isKindOfClass:[myself class]]) {
            return object;
        }
    }  

    return nil;
} 

然后我从我的子类的initWithFrame方法调用它,如下所示:

- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {

    self = [Utilities initWithNibName:@"XIB1" withSelf:self];
    if (self) {
        // Initialization code.
    }
    return self;
}

张贴的一般利益;如果有人发现没有这样做的问题,请告诉我。

其他回答

我有理由做同样的事情(从XIB文件编程加载一个视图),但我需要完全从一个UIView的子类的子类的上下文(即不涉及视图控制器的任何方式)。为了做到这一点,我创建了这个实用方法:

+ (id) initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibName withSelf:(id)myself {

    NSArray *bundle = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:nibName
                                                    owner:myself options:nil];
    for (id object in bundle) {
        if ([object isKindOfClass:[myself class]]) {
            return object;
        }
    }  

    return nil;
} 

然后我从我的子类的initWithFrame方法调用它,如下所示:

- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {

    self = [Utilities initWithNibName:@"XIB1" withSelf:self];
    if (self) {
        // Initialization code.
    }
    return self;
}

张贴的一般利益;如果有人发现没有这样做的问题,请告诉我。

在Swift 4中以编程方式从nib/xib加载视图:

// Load a view from a Nib given a placeholder view subclass
//      Placeholder is an instance of the view to load.  Placeholder is discarded.
//      If no name is provided, the Nib name is the same as the subclass type name
//
public func loadViewFromNib<T>(placeholder placeholderView: T, name givenNibName: String? = nil) -> T {

    let nib = loadNib(givenNibName, placeholder: placeholderView)
    return instantiateView(fromNib: nib, placeholder: placeholderView)
}

// Step 1: Returns a Nib
//
public func loadNib<T>(_ givenNibName: String? = nil, placeholder placeholderView: T) -> UINib {
    //1. Load and unarchive nib file
    let nibName = givenNibName ?? String(describing: type(of: placeholderView))

    let nib = UINib(nibName: nibName, bundle: Bundle.main)
    return nib
}

// Step 2: Instantiate a view given a nib
//
public func instantiateView<T>(fromNib nib: UINib, placeholder placeholderView: T) -> T {
    //1. Get top level objects
    let topLevelObjects = nib.instantiate(withOwner: placeholderView, options: nil)

    //2. Have at least one top level object
    guard let firstObject = topLevelObjects.first else {
        fatalError("\(#function): no top level objects in nib")
    }

    //3. Return instantiated view, placeholderView is not used
    let instantiatedView = firstObject as! T
    return instantiatedView
}

我不确定一些答案在谈论什么,但我需要把这个答案放在这里,当我下次在谷歌中搜索时。关键词:“如何从一个nib加载一个UIView”或“如何从一个NSBundle加载一个UIView”

下面的代码几乎100%直接来自Apress Beginning iPhone 3的书籍(第247页,“使用新的表视图单元格”):

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    NSArray *bundle = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:@"Blah"
                                                 owner:self options:nil];
    Blah *blah;
    for (id object in bundle) {
        if ([object isKindOfClass:[Blah class]]) {
            blah = (Blah *)object;
            break;
        }
    }   
    assert(blah != nil && "blah can't be nil");
    [self.view addSubview: blah];
} 

这假设你有一个UIView子类叫Blah,一个nib叫Blah它包含一个UIView它的类设置为Blah。


类别:+ LoadFromNib NSObject

#import "NSObject+LoadFromNib.h"

@implementation NSObject (LoadFromNib)

+ (id)loadFromNib:(NSString *)name classToLoad:(Class)classToLoad {
    NSArray *bundle = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:name owner:self options:nil];
    for (id object in bundle) {
        if ([object isKindOfClass:classToLoad]) {
            return object;
        }
    }
    return nil;
}

@end

迅速扩展

extension UIView {
    class func loadFromNib<T>(withName nibName: String) -> T? {
        let nib  = UINib.init(nibName: nibName, bundle: nil)
        let nibObjects = nib.instantiate(withOwner: nil, options: nil)
        for object in nibObjects {
            if let result = object as? T {
                return result
            }
        }
        return nil
    }
}

还有一个正在使用的例子:

class SomeView: UIView {
    class func loadFromNib() -> SomeView? {
        return self.loadFromNib(withName: "SomeView")
    }
}

这是一件应该比较容易的事情。我最终扩展了UIViewController并添加了一个loadNib:inPlaceholder: selector。现在我可以说

self.mySubview = (MyView *)[self loadNib:@"MyView" inPlaceholder:mySubview];

下面是这个类别的代码(它和Gonso描述的一样):

@interface UIViewController (nibSubviews)

- (UIView *)viewFromNib:(NSString *)nibName;
- (UIView *)loadNib:(NSString *)nibName inPlaceholder:(UIView *)placeholder;

@end

@implementation UIViewController (nibSubviews)

- (UIView *)viewFromNib:(NSString *)nibName
{
  NSArray *xib = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:nibName owner:self options:nil]; 
  for (id view in xib) { // have to iterate; index varies
    if ([view isKindOfClass:[UIView class]]) return view;
  }
  return nil;
}

- (UIView *)loadNib:(NSString *)nibName inPlaceholder:(UIView *)placeholder
{
  UIView *nibView = [self viewFromNib:nibName];
  [nibView setFrame:placeholder.frame];
  [self.view insertSubview:nibView aboveSubview:placeholder];
  [placeholder removeFromSuperview];
  return nibView;
}

@end

我有一种命名xib的约定,其中的视图与视图相同。和视图控制器一样。这样,我就不必在代码中写出类名了。我从同名的nib文件中加载一个UIView。

一个名为MyView的类的例子。

创建一个名为MyView的nib文件。接口生成器中的xib 在Interface Builder中添加一个UIView。将其类设置为MyView。自定义到你的内心的内容,连接MyView的实例变量到子视图,你可能想以后访问。 在你的代码中,像这样创建一个新的MyView: MyView * MyView = [MyView nib_viewfromnibwiowner:owner];

这是它的分类:

@implementation UIView (nib)

+ (id) nib_viewFromNib {
    return [self nib_viewFromNibWithOwner:nil];
}

+ (id) nib_viewFromNibWithOwner:(id)owner {
    NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
    NSArray *nib = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:className owner:owner options:nil];
    UIView *view = nil;
    for(UIView *v in nib) {
        if ([v isKindOfClass:[self class]]) {
            view = v;
            break;
        }
    }
    assert(view != nil && "View for class not found in nib file");
    [view nib_viewDidLoad];
    return view;
}

// override this to do custom setup
-(void)nib_viewDidLoad {

}

然后,我将连接按钮与我正在使用的控制器的动作,并使用自定义视图子类中的outlet在标签上设置内容。