你也可以使用UIViewController的initWithNibName而不是loadnibname。我发现这样更简单。

UIViewController *aViewController = [[UIViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"MySubView" bundle:nil];
[self.subview addSubview:aViewController.view];
[aViewController release];  // release the VC

现在你只需要创建MySubView。xib和MySubView.h/m。在MySubView。xib设置文件的Owner类为UIViewController，视图类为MySubView。

您可以使用父xib文件来定位子视图的位置和大小。

我做了一个我喜欢的分类:

UIView + NibInitializer.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface UIView (NibInitializer)
- (instancetype)initWithNibNamed:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil;
@end

UIView + NibInitializer.m

#import "UIView+NibInitializer.h"

@implementation UIView (NibInitializer)

- (instancetype)initWithNibNamed:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil
{
    if (!nibNameOrNil) {
        nibNameOrNil = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
    }
    NSArray *viewsInNib = [[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:nibNameOrNil
                                                        owner:self
                                                      options:nil];
    for (id view in viewsInNib) {
        if ([view isKindOfClass:[self class]]) {
            self = view;
            break;
        }
    }
    return self;
}

@end

然后，像这样调用:

MyCustomView *myCustomView = [[MyCustomView alloc] initWithNibNamed:nil];

如果你的nib不是你的类名，请使用一个nib名。

为了在你的子类中覆盖它以获得额外的行为，它可以看起来像这样:

- (instancetype)initWithNibNamed:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil
{
    self = [super initWithNibNamed:nibNameOrNil];
    if (self) {
        self.layer.cornerRadius = CGRectGetHeight(self.bounds) / 2.0;
    }
    return self;
}

还有一种更简单的方法来访问视图，而不是将nib作为数组处理。

1)创建一个自定义的View子类，其中包含你以后想要访问的任何出口。——MyView

2)在你想要加载和处理nib的UIViewController中，创建一个IBOutlet属性来保存加载的nib的视图

在MyViewController中(一个UIViewController子类)

  @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UIView *myViewFromNib;

(别忘了合成它并在你的。m文件中发布它)

3)在IB中打开你的nib(我们称之为'myViewNib.xib')，设置你文件的所有者为MyViewController

4)现在连接你的文件的所有者出口myViewFromNib到nib的主视图。

5)现在在MyViewController中，写以下一行:

[[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:@"myViewNib" owner:self options:nil];

当你这样做的时候，把你的财产称为“自我”。myViewFromNib”将让你从你的nib访问视图!

Swift用户可设计选项:

Create a custom UIView subclass and a xib files, that we will name after our own class name: in our case MemeView. Inside the Meme View class remember to define it as designable with the @IBDesignable attribute before the class declaration Rember to set the File’s Owner in the xib with our custom UIView subclass in Indetity Inspector panel In the xib file now we can build our interface, make constraints, create outlets, actions etc. We need to implement few methods to our custom class to open the xib once initialized class XibbedView: UIView { weak var nibView: UIView! override convenience init(frame: CGRect) { let nibName = NSStringFromClass(self.dynamicType).componentsSeparatedByString(".").last! self.init(nibName: nibName) } required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) { super.init(coder: aDecoder) let nibName = NSStringFromClass(self.dynamicType).componentsSeparatedByString(".").last! let nib = loadNib(nibName) nib.frame = bounds nib.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false addSubview(nib) nibView = nib setUpConstraints() } init(nibName: String) { super.init(frame: CGRectZero) let nibName = NSStringFromClass(self.dynamicType).componentsSeparatedByString(".").last! let nib = loadNib(nibName) nib.frame = bounds nib.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false addSubview(nib) nibView = nib setUpConstraints() } func setUpConstraints() { ["V","H"].forEach { (quote) -> () in let format = String(format:"\(quote):|[nibView]|") addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat(format, options: [], metrics: nil, views: ["nibView" : nibView])) } } func loadNib(name: String) -> UIView { let bundle = NSBundle(forClass: self.dynamicType) let nib = UINib(nibName: name, bundle: bundle) let view = nib.instantiateWithOwner(self, options: nil)[0] as! UIView return view } } In our custom class we can also define some inspecatable properties to have full control over them from interface builder @IBDesignable class MemeView: XibbedView { @IBInspectable var memeImage: UIImage = UIImage() { didSet { imageView.image = memeImage } } @IBInspectable var textColor: UIColor = UIColor.whiteColor() { didSet { label.textColor = textColor } } @IBInspectable var text: String = "" { didSet { label.text = text } } @IBInspectable var roundedCorners: Bool = false { didSet { if roundedCorners { layer.cornerRadius = 20.0 clipsToBounds = true } else { layer.cornerRadius = 0.0 clipsToBounds = false } } } @IBOutlet weak var label: UILabel! @IBOutlet weak var imageView: UIImageView!

}

一些例子:

如果我们需要在一个故事板或另一个xib中显示视图时添加更多信息，为此我们可以实现prepareForInterfaceBuilder()，此方法仅在接口生成器中打开文件时执行。 如果你做了我写的所有事情，但没有任何工作，这是一种通过在实现中添加断点来调试单个视图的方法。 这是视图层次结构。

希望这对您有所帮助，完整的示例可以在这里下载

在Swift 4中以编程方式从nib/xib加载视图:

// Load a view from a Nib given a placeholder view subclass
//      Placeholder is an instance of the view to load.  Placeholder is discarded.
//      If no name is provided, the Nib name is the same as the subclass type name
//
public func loadViewFromNib<T>(placeholder placeholderView: T, name givenNibName: String? = nil) -> T {

    let nib = loadNib(givenNibName, placeholder: placeholderView)
    return instantiateView(fromNib: nib, placeholder: placeholderView)
}

// Step 1: Returns a Nib
//
public func loadNib<T>(_ givenNibName: String? = nil, placeholder placeholderView: T) -> UINib {
    //1. Load and unarchive nib file
    let nibName = givenNibName ?? String(describing: type(of: placeholderView))

    let nib = UINib(nibName: nibName, bundle: Bundle.main)
    return nib
}

// Step 2: Instantiate a view given a nib
//
public func instantiateView<T>(fromNib nib: UINib, placeholder placeholderView: T) -> T {
    //1. Get top level objects
    let topLevelObjects = nib.instantiate(withOwner: placeholderView, options: nil)

    //2. Have at least one top level object
    guard let firstObject = topLevelObjects.first else {
        fatalError("\(#function): no top level objects in nib")
    }

    //3. Return instantiated view, placeholderView is not used
    let instantiatedView = firstObject as! T
    return instantiatedView
}

最短的版本:

RSFavoritePlaceholderView *favoritePlaceholderView = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:@"RSFavoritePlaceholderView" owner:self options:nil] firstObject];